Middle English Dictionary Entry
cod n.(1)
Entry Info
| Forms | cod n.(1) Also (error) coa; pl. coddes. |
| Etymology | OE codd bag & OI koddi pillow, scrotum; sense 4 is N. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A seed pod or capsule; husk, shell, skin; [see also bene ~ in ben(e n.(1), 1c.(a), hors-cod n., & pese-cod n.]; (b) ~ ware, vegetables that grow in pods, legumes.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B:Berberich)130.126/2 : Þeos wyrt hafeð sæd on grene codde.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)13/14 : Nim þanne winberian coddes.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 15.16 : He coueitide to fille his wombe of the coddis [L siliquis] whiche the hoggis eeten.
- (?a1390) Daniel *Herbal (Add 27329)f.6va : The thrid bereth ȝelw flour & after gret coddis, thre-flegged, half finger-lengthe, ful of qwite round sedes lyk half a pese; lewde cal it hors-coddes.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)225a/b : Been haunteþ moche þe floures of benes, and in þe stalke beþ many coddes.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)229b/b : Coddes of vecchis oþer pesen.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.289 : Bot þou haf help of God þorgh praiere of som Saynt, I telle not worþe a cod, for alle þi faire is faynt.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ex.9.31 : The flax now buriownde coddes [WB(2): knoppis].
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)60b/a : Siliqua: a cod or a maner of frut.
- c1465(?1373) *Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)4a : At þe toppe he haþe ronde coddys in þe whiche he berith sede.
- c1465(?1373) *Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)16a : He berythe litell sedis in smale coddis.
- c1465(?1373) *Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)40b : White brode sede, and hit were pese in coddys.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)85 : Codde of frute or pesecodde: Siliqua.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)230a/a : Seed is y gendred..in coddes & holes, as it fareþ in benes and in oþer cod ware.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)233a/a : Legumina, codware, is dyuers in quantite..among suche codware lupines and benes beþ grettest and pesen and fecches ben mene tylles & fechches beþ smallest.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)248b/a : A Cod and an hulke hatte siliqua and is a voyde þing of codware.
2.
(a) A bag or wallet; (b) ~ net, ?a bag-shaped fishing net; ?a net with a cod; (c) cod-pece, the flap at the front of a man's tight-fitting breeches [cp. 3. (c)].
Associated quotations
a
- 1131 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1131 : Him be hofed þæt he crape in his mycele codde in ælc hyrne, gif þær wære hure an unwreste wrenc.
- (1354) Acc.Ironworks in Archaeol.64163 : In j pari coddes empto.
b
- ?a1325(1299) Liber Cust.Lond.in RS 12.2116 : Il ya un autre manere de reye, qe lem apele codnet.
- (1344) Doc.in Riley Mem.Lond.220 : [The second net, called a] coanet [read: codnet].
c
- a1500(c1450) Idley Instr.(Arun 20)2.S.420 : Sum set þeir myndes galantes to asspye, Beholdyng þe schort garmentes round all abouȝt And how þe stuffyng off þe codpece berys ouȝt.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)377/311 : A kodpese like a pokett.
3.
(a) The larynx; throat; (b) crop, craw; paunch, belly; (c) anat. the scrotum [cp. ballok cod in ballok n., 1.(b)]; also, ?coll. the testicles [last quot.]; cod-ware, the genitals.
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)9017 : King Arostus..held him so bi þe code, Þat mouþe & nose him ran a blod.
- a1425 Roy.17.C.17 Nominale (Roy 17.C.17)635/20 : Nomina menbrorum hominis..Hoc frumen: code.
b
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1124 : Þu, mid þine fule codde..Biwerest manne corn urom dore.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.534 : O wombe, o bely, o stynkyng cod Fulfilled of donge and of corrupcioun.
c
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)96a/b : If..þis hernia is to broke, a gret del of þe bowels falleþ down into þe codde of þe genytrace.
- c1425 Arderne Fistula (Sln 6)2/30 : The codde of the testiclez.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)95a/b : Ulcers in the haunches ben sometyme..in the codde.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)150b/a : To þe codde or to þe burse of þe priue stones.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)53 : Brostyn man, yn þe cod: Herniosus,
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)85 : Codde of mannys pryuyte: Piga, mentula.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(1) (Med-L 136)252/808 : Swellynge of a mannes codd is amendid with a pleistre.
- a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)286 : Put not youre handes in youre hosen, youre codware for to clawe.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)45a/a : Þe secunde doctrine..schal treten of Ossium, þat is to seie, þe cheste or þe purs of þe cod or ballokis. The balloc coddis ben official membris..and of wommen it is y-callid a purs for curtesie.
4a.
(a) A pillow or cushion; (b) ~ bere, pillow case [see bere n. (3)].
Associated quotations
a
- (1392) Will York in Sur.Soc.4181 : ij linthiamina et ij coddes.
- (1402) Will York in Sur.Soc.4288 : Summo altari j cervical, anglice a kode.
- a1425 HBk.GDei (Arun 507)152 : In stede of a cod he had a croune of thornis.
- (1434) Invent.Scarborough in Archaeol.5166 : Sex coddes de serico.
- c1440 Degrev.(Thrn)1505 : Faire coddis of silke, Chalked whyte als þe mylke; Coddis paynted of þat ilke, Tasselde þay ware.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)4916 : With curtyns all of clene silke & coddis of þe same.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)117/21 : Sho laid a softe cod vndernethe his head & happed hym with a gay couerlad.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)235/24 : He had no cod at his hede bod a stone.
- (1454) Will York in Sur.Soc.30173 : A fetherbed..with..the cod at the hede.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)26b : A Codde: ceruical, puluinar.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)101/22 : I haue mekyll tene..I grete with myn eene, When I nap on my cod, for care that has bene.
b
- (1411) Doc.Finchale in Sur.Soc.6p.clv : Item j servicale cum codber contexta exterius.
4b.
A metal 'cushion', such as a bearing of an axle or a bell.
Associated quotations
- (1379-80) Mem.Ripon in Sur.Soc.81101 : In xiij lb. de messyng pro ij coddes ad dictam campanam, 2 s. 2 d.
- (1390) Doc.York in Sur.Soc.35129 : Pro reparacione viij coddes factis pro supportacione feretri Sancti Willelmi.
- (c1400) Fabric R.Yk.Min.in Sur.Soc.3520 : In factura ij coddes de ere..pro j carro, 2 s. 1 d.
- (1425) Mem.Ripon in Sur.Soc.81156 : Pro uno kode de ære, 2 s. 2 d.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)158/17 : Swynys fenkel or wyrmsed..haȝt a smal cod, and it wele slen wyrmus þat are in mannys body.
Note: Quot. postdates sense 1.(a).
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)125/1 : Affadilla..hath a ȝelwȝ flour and in þe crop a rounde codde quanne þe flour is falle.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)146/25 : Cardiaca..haȝt a lytyl codde and þer-in ys þe seed..
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)146/28-9 : Frenschpes..hat coddes, but noȝt..so longe coddes as haȝt oþer pees.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)172/12-13 : Lippinis..beryȝt coddis lyk to bene coddys.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)187/1 : Freynsch cresse or wymmannys medewourth..haȝt a ȝelwȝ flour and quanne þe flour is falle it beryth coddys in qwyche is þe seed.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)190/12 : Pyanye..haȝt coddis in quyche it beryth þe seed.
Note: Additional quots. for sense 1.(a).
- ?c1400(1379) Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Roy 17.D.1)f.108va (3.16) : Þis passioun haue þai comunly þat ar in þe falland euel..and also þai þat haue þe palsie, and namely þai þat haue þe palsie in here cod.
Note: Quot. antedates sense 3.(c).
- a1500 Hrl.3151 Limn.Recipes (Hrl 3151) 232/25 : Kerve thi golde and thi silver with a sharpe knyf vpon a code made of a calvis skynne rasid and stoppid with flokkis.
Note: Additional quot. for sense 4a.(a).
- (1441) MSS Beverley in HMC ()100 : [The said Saddlers shall play..the pageant of the Creation..every workman or craftsman called] cod maker [to pay 12 d. for light..and other charges of the craft].
Note: New combination for sense 2.(a).
Note: Gloss: "~ makere, ?a saddlebag maker; ?a maker of some sort of saddle padding or cushion."
Note: The list of variant spellings in the form section is incomplete and need srevision to accord with standards of later volumes of the MED.--all notes per MLL
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. cod.