Middle English Dictionary Entry
bukke n.
Entry Info
| Forms | bukke n. Also buc(c, buk, buke, bowck, bug-, bok(ke, boke. |
| Etymology | OE bucca |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. got-buk(ke, ro-buk(ke.
1a.
(a) The adult male goat, he-goat; ~ got, ~ of get; ~ kede, a male kid; (b) a lascivious man [cp. L hircus]; (c) in names.
Associated quotations
a
- a1131 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1127 : Ða huntes wæron swarte..And hi ridone on swarte hors and on swarte bucces.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)991 : Buckess twa.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)1386 : Þatt cwike bucc Comm inntill wilde wesste.
- (1209) Pipe R.Winch32/21 : Compotum de xix matricibus capris et iiij bukes.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)37 : Sume men leden here [lif] alse get oþer buckes.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)26b : Of a ticchen þet haueð swete flesch kimeð a stinkinde gat oðer a ful bucke.
- a1300 Svmer is icumen (Hrl 978)8 : Bulluc sterteþ, bucke uerteþ.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)49.10 : Noght sal I take fra þi hous kalues, Ne fra þi faldes bockes [vr. buckes; L hircos].
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Deut.14.5 : A beeste in parti lijk a buk of geet and in parti liik an hert.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)12a/a : Capreus: a bukke.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)169a/b : Propre mollificatiuez..as gotes grece, proprely bukgote [*Ch.(2): of a gotebukke].
- c1460 Cursor (LdMisc 416)10382 : Sacrafyce he made..Of x lambis..Sethyn after of bokys [Vsp: boles] xij.
- a1500 Hrl.1002 Gloss.(Hrl 1002)624 : Capriolus: buk kede.
b
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)3209 : Þese berded buckys..moche mysdo, Þat leue crystyn mennys acyse And haunte alle þe newe gyse.
c
- (1287) Leet R.Norwich in Seld.Soc.516 : Henricus Buk.
- (1296) Sub.R.Sus.in Sus.RS 1083 : Henricus le Buk.
- (1296) Sub.R.Sus.in Sus.RS 1094 : Radulfus le Bucke.
- (1297) Sub.R.Yks.in YASRS 16132 : Ric. Bucke.
- (1306) Plea R.Edw.I in WSAS 7169 : Adam Bukke.
- (1428) Feudal Aids 164 : Johannes Bukke.
1b.
blouen (in) the bukkes horn, lit., to idle away the time by sounding a goat's (or ram's) horn (as a shepherd may); be ineffectual or unsuccessful, feel futile or frustrated; also, appear idle or unconcerned [quot. Lydg.Look TM].
Associated quotations
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3387 : She loueth so this hende Nicholas, That Absolon may blowe the bukkes horn; He ne had for his labour but a scorn.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.Look TM (Hrl 2255)107 : Som can dissymele and blowe the bukkys horn, By apparence of feyned kyndenesse.
- a1456(a1449) Lydg.SCupid (Add 16165)19 : I koude neuer go to-forne..I blewe alwey þe bukkes horne.
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.Amor (Hrl 2251)55 : Love blowith the bukkis horn, Where olde acqueyntaunce is sette abak for meede.
- c1500(a1449) Lydg.Aesop (Trin-C R.3.19)824 : The crane..Toke out the bone..his labour he had lorne; The wolffe made hym blow the bokks horne [Hrl: in a bukkes horn].
2.
The male of the fallow deer Dama dama; ~ and do; also, the male of the roe Capriolus capriolus, the ro-bukke (q.v.).
Associated quotations
- c1300 SLeg.Eust.(LdMisc 108)12 : Þis heiȝe kniȝhtes wenden a day on honteth..to cachche hert and bocke and don.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1684 : Hyndes & hertes..bukkes and beris, and oþer bestes wilde.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)7.33 : And go þou hunte hardily..To Beores and to Bockes [vr. bukkes], þat brekeþ menne hegges.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1978 : Hert and Hynde, and buck and doo.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)261b/b : Some bestes a cordeþ to mannes complexioun, as lambren..hertes & hyndes, bukkes and roes.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)280b/a : Auicenne seiþ..no beste chaungeþ hornes but ceruus allone; and heer it semeþ þat he clepeþ Ceruus boþe hert and bukke.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1155 : Þay let þe herttez haf þe gate, with þe hyȝe hedes, Þe breme bukkez also with hor brode paumez.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)22 : A Buk is a diuerse beest..lasse þan hert..more þan a Roo buk..he bereþ moo tyndes þan doþ an hert..þe bukkes be namely togedere in heerde.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)111 : Al shalle be juged foly of rede deer bineþ hert, and of falowe deer byneuthe þe buk.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)112 : Þe maister..haþ þe fees of alle deere, saaf hert and buk.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)8938 : Bath buk and ra.
- c1425 Twiti Venery(1) Prol.(Vsp B.12)p.150 : Ther ben othyr bestis v of chase: The buk the first, the do the secunde..the last the roo.
- c1425 Twiti Venery(1) (Vsp B.12)153 : Whan the buk is i-take, ye shul blowe pryse.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)195 : The dredful roo, the buk, the hert and hynde.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)55 : Buk, best: Dama. Buk, roo: Caprius.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)1328 : Bukke & do & hert wyþ horn..þey slowe, & to þe schip drowe & stored þem wel of venyson.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)429 : Of founes, sowres, bukkes, does Was ful the wode, and many roes.
- c1475(?c1425) Avow.Arth.(Tay 9:French&Hale)26 : To hunte atte buk and atte bare, To þe herte and to þe hare.
- (c1460) Bk.Arms in Anc.7 (Hrl 2169)197 : Sir Tomas Grene beryth asewre iij bowckys passaunt of golde.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)8100 : Chasyng for Rayndeer or for Roo, Huntyng for buk outher for do.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)19b : A buke: Dama, damula.
- a1500(1456) Let.Marg.Anjou in Camd.86 (Add 46846)134 : That..ye do delyver a bucke, to be taken within oure fforest or grete parke.
- a1500 Hrl.2378 Recipes (Hrl 2378)87/4 : Halfe a pound of hertes gres or of buk.
3.
Cpds. (a) buk(ke-blod; ~ fel, buckskin; ~ gres, buck's fat; ~ hide, q.v.; ~ horn, q.v.; ~ hound, deer hound; ~ hunter; ~ hunting; ~ marter, ~ monger, venison dealer; ~ skin, q.v.; ~ raven, q.v.; ~ stal, q.v.; ~ tailes, the hindquarters of a deer; ~ tonge, q.v.; (b) surnames: bukken-heved; bukke(s-berd; ~ horn; ~ swain.
Associated quotations
a
- (1275) in Fransson Surn.75 : Hugo le Bugmarter.
- (1275) in Fransson Surn.75 : Hugo Bucmonger.
- (1293) Doc.Cust.Sea in NRS 4922 : Buckefel.
- (1314) in Fransson Surn.75 : Adam le Bukemonger
- (1319) in Löfvenberg Contrib.Lex.17 : [22 dakers of] bukfel.
- (1332) in Fransson Surn.75 : Gregor le Bugmongger.
- (1346) Inquest Lan.in LCRS 70110 : Adam Bukmonger.
- a1400 Recipe MS Hal.in Rel.Ant.1 (Hal 335)52 : Tak the blod of a gayte buke..of buk blode ij sponful.
- (1449) RParl.5.167b : To be Maister of your Bukhoundes, and to kepe xxiiii rennyng houndes and vi greyhoundes.
- (1449) RParl.5.168a : Magister Canum nostror' vocat' Bukhundes.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)4453 : A mon horribilyche y-boundone in preson was, By-cause of hawkyng & of boke-hondynge.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)4496 : Williham was a fulle sputusmon..& nomely bokke-hunters in his tyme nad no rest..fulle oft he dude amys In makyng of newe foreste.
- c1450(c1353) Winner & W.(Add 31042)333 : The bores hede schall be broghte with plontes appon lofte, Buk-tayles full brode in brothes there be-syde.
- (1467) in Gras Eng.Cust.Syst.617 : De Matheo Fynkynbergh' de Hansa pro i cista cum xxi dussenis bukfelles val. £ iiii.
- a1500 Hrl.2378 Recipes (Hrl 2378)85/22 : A goode oynement for alle woundes..Take..a handfull of hempe-seed, and a partye of buke-gres.
- a1600(1472) Rec.Bluemantle (Jul C.6)386 : With bok houndes there were slayne halfe a dosen bokes, the which the Kinge gave to the sayde lorde Grutehuse.
b
- (1185) in Pipe R.Soc.34180 : Aluredus Buckeshorn.
- (1221) Justice in Eyre R.in Seld.Soc.531024 : Roger Bukeberd.
- (1271) Close R.Hen.III539 : Jacobus Buckehorn' de Rading'.
- (1291) Pat.R.Edw.I458 : Walter Buckehorn.
- (1296) Sub.R.Sus.in Sus.RS 1068 : Benedict Bockehorne.
- (1301) Sub.R.Yks.in YASRS 2147 : Willelmo Bukenheved'.
- (1327) in Thuresson ME Occup.Terms69 : Walt. Bucswayn.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1450 Terms Assoc.(2) (Cmb Ll.1.18)231 : A herde off hertes. a herde of bukkez. a herde of swannez. a herd of wrennez. a heerd of curlewz. a herd of felfares. a herd of cranes.
- a1500 Terms Assoc.(3) (Lamb 306)233 : A herd of hertis. A herde of harys. A herd of Buckis. A herde of Cranes.
- a1500 Terms Assoc.(3) (Lamb 306)233 : An hartt is herbrowed. A knyght is herbrowed. A Buck is logid. A Squier is logid.
Note: Additional quots. for sense 1a.(a).
Note: The list of variant spellings in the form section is incomplete and needs revision to accord with standards of later volumes of the MED.--notes per MLL