Middle English Dictionary Entry

brōd adj.
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Entry Info

Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

1.
(a) Wide, broad (as distinguished from long, high, deep, thick, etc.); of persons: broad in the body, stout; (b) having (a certain) width; -- often with a number, distance, or other measurement; (c) of things without length, etc.: far across, large in diameter; (d) ?extended laterally.
2.
(a) Large, spacious; (b) spread out, scattered, far apart; (c) of a wound: open, gaping; (d) of eyes: wide, large; of eyes, looks, etc.: wide-open, staring, glaring; (e) of a tool, the edge of an ax (length being thought of as belonging to the handle): long; (f) of time: long; moni a ~ dai, many a long day; (g) great, abundant; of a blessing: abundant, full, complete; of subject matter: ample; of tidings: great, important; maken ~, enlarge (the heart), encourage.
3.
(a) Full (of sth.); blod ~, covered with blood; (b) ~ dai, full day, broad daylight.
4.
(a) Of a weapon: having a wide blade or head; (b) ~ arwe, an arrow with a broad head; also, an arrow for a catapult; (c) ~ arwe hed, heraldic representation of the head of a ~ arwe; (d) ~ ax(e, a broad-headed ax for hewing; also, a battle-ax; also, personal name; (e) ~ boue, a bow for shooting the ~ arwe; (f) ~ sword, any sword with a wide blade, a big sword. [The distinction between broadsword and rapier is modern.]
5.
(a) Of cloth: having double width, woven in strips twice as wide as those of streit cloth; ~ yerd, the double yard used as the standard measurement for the width of broad cloth; (b) ~ cloth, any kind of woolen cloth woven in strips of double width; a piece of this cloth.
6.
Of speech: bold, free, uninhibited.
7a.
Britaine the ~ (broddere), Great Britain.
7b.
(a) ~ croun, a tonsure; (b) ~ glas, sheet glass; (c) ~ lath, wide lath; (d) ~ se, the open sea; (e) ~ sel, great seal, royal seal; (f) ~ world, the wide world, the whole earth; (g) ~ ythes, broad waves, ?open sea.
7c.
(a) ~ dore, a wide door or doorway; also, the name of a building; (b) ~ gate, ~ yate, a large gate; esp., the great gate of a castle or of a walled town, the main gate; one of the halves or leaves of such a gate; also, in place names; (c) ~ lond, a broad strip or field; also, a place name; (d) ~ stret, a broad street or road, a highway; the wide road that leads to hell; also, a place name; (e) ~ wei, a wide road or street, a highway; a wide path through the sea; the road to hell; fig. the highway of faith or religion; also, in names.
7d.
(a) ~ lek, a plant; prob., wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum); ?wild marjoram (Origanum vulgaris); (b) ~ thistel, some kind of thistle; (c) ~ wed, some plant of the genus Scabiosa.
7e.
(a) As an element in personal names; (b) as an element in place names [see Smith PNElem. 45-6]; ~ med (mad), wide meadow; ~ rod, broad rood; ~ seld, broad shop.
7f.
In adj. cpds.: wide, large, open; ~ brested (frounted), having a wide breast (forehead); ~ buttoked (sholdred), having broad buttocks (shoulders); ~ eied, having large eyes; also, open-eyed; ~ heded (hoked), having wide or large heads (barbs).

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • (1466) Paston (Gairdner)4.226 : For xxiiii yerdes of brod wythtys for gowns, xxvii s. viii d.
  • Note: New combination for sense 5.(b).
    Note: Gloss: brod whites, ?lengths of white broadcloth.
Note: The list of variant spellings in the form section may be incomplete and / or may need revision to accord with standards of later volumes of the MED.--notes per MLL