Middle English Dictionary Entry
bringen v.
Entry Info
Forms | bringen v. Also brinke(n, brenge. Forms: sg. 3 bring(e)th, breng(e)th; p. bro(u)ghte, bro(u)cte, broyȝt, brout(e, bro(u)the, brofte, brogh, brouste; ppl. bro(u)ght, brauȝt. |
Etymology | OE bringan, brengan, p. brohte. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. ibringen.
1.
(a) To bring (sth.), fetch, lead, convey, take, send; ~ awei, chase away; ~ into, drive (sb.) into (a place); (b) ~ biforen (toforen), to bring (sb.) into the presence of; also, say (sth.) in the presence of; ~ hom, bring (sb.) home, bring in (a crop); bring home (a wife), marry; (c) ~ in (on) hond, to introduce (a custom, a religion); ~ into world, give birth to, beget; ~ on (til, to) erthe, ~ to ground (pit), bury (sb.); ~ to bar, bring (sb.) to trial; ~ to hond, bring into (someone's) hands, deliver; werre ~ on hond, make war on (sb.); (d) to bring (humility, wisdom, etc.); ~ on; bring (sth. into one's mind); bring (bad luck, hunger, sorrow, help, etc.); ~ on, ~ upon; ~ to mind, ~ into (to) remembraunce.
Associated quotations
a
- a1126 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1126 : He brohte mid him þone eorl Waleram.
- 1131 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1131 : Cusen þa muneces abbot of hemself and brohten him into cyrce mid processionem.
- c1175 Body & S.(1) (Bod 343)5 : Nu me þe bringæð þer ðu beon scealt.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)14062 : Illc mann firrst brinngeþþ forþ god win.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)25380 : Of Ethiope he brohte þa bleomen.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)52/23 : Com ich..& toc hire leofliche lich, & ber & brohte hit aȝein in-to Antioches burh.
- a1275 Louerd asse þu ard (Trin-C B.14.39)227 : Þo sulde þe maiden & hire sone into egipte brinken.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)2791 : He..comen sone, And brouthen hire.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1067 : He boden him bringen ut o-non, ðo men ðat woren ðidir in-gon.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)1 : Ye brenge me to þo castel.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2148 : Neuer burn to no bataile brouȝt swiche a puple.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.237 : Duke William make brynke out seint Valericus his holy body.
- c1390 NHom.Narrat.(Vrn)276/14 : Þe fend fel on hym and him held..but, as he lay, And mihte not bringe þe fend away, he þouhte on cristes passion.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)6506 : Þis ilk es he þat brogh vs thoru þe liuerd se.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)21588 : To rome men suld anoþer breng [Frf: sende].
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)38/38 : Hir clathis þat sho broth sal man restore þe kirke with-alle.
- (1449) Paston2.105 : I have brofte them, all the c shyppys, within Wyght.
- c1450 Kynge of grace (Trin-C B.11.24)206 : Angelys schall brenge þe rode bryth.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)22/25 : Royally they were resceyved and brought towarde the cite of London.
- a1475(a1450) Tourn.Tott.(Hrl 5396)49 : Coppeld, my brode-henne, was broȝt out of Kent.
- a1500(c1386) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)9 : Þe Saxones..bete oute þe Bretons and broȝt hom into Wales.
b
- 1123 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1123 : Ða cusen hi an clerc..& brohten him toforen se kyng.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)2190 : Full wel birrþ ure maȝȝdenn ben Forrshamedd, ȝiff mann brinngeþ Biforenn hire unnþæwfull word.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)9106 : Heo hine broðten [Otho: brohte] sone bi-foren þen folke-kinge.
- a1300(?c1150) Prov.Alf.(Jes-O 29)101/281 : Mony mon singeþ þat wif hom bryngeþ.
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)301 : Let bringe bifore me þene ȝungling.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2397 : Iacob was brogt bi-foren ðe king.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2091 : Þemperour..het hem..to bring him bliue bounde fast him to-fore.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.855 : Is ther no ship..Wol bryngen hom my lord.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)2972 : Sarra was bifore [Trin-C: to fore] him broght.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)29/6 : Þis tweyn ȝong men browgt hir hom to hir ostel.
- (1446) Doc.in Morsbach Origurk.32 : The seyd william Palmere schall..bringe home all the heie.
- a1450(?a1390) Mirk Fest.Suppl.(Cld A.2)290/21 : Angellus..browthon alle maner bestys before Adam.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)364/257 : We in on were brouth before youre yate.
c
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)6131 : He shall shrifenn þe..& brinngenn þe till eorþe.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)338 : Lust whi ihc wonde Bringe þe horn to honde.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)11203 : As me deþ wan a ded man me wole to putte bringe.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)1300 : Wer he þenkeþ to bring me an hond.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)196 : Alle ledes him louede..& blesseden þat him bare & brouȝt in-to þis worlde.
- (1387) Will in Bk.Lond.E.209/17 : Y be-quethe iij li. to bringe me on erthe.
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.50 : Ȝefe any broþer or sistir of þis gild dye..þe Aldirman and þe gilde brethren shuln wend and bryng hym to þe erthe on þeire owe costages.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)10680 : He was dredand To bring a custom neu on hand.
- a1425(?a1350) Nicod.(1) (Glb E.9)181 : Broght was he þus to bar ogain, þe king of all mankin.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)8/21 : Þe dede winde and til eryd bringe.
- a1500(?c1414) ?Brampton PPs.(1) (Sln 1853)p.2 : My faderys..That me in to this world have brought.
- (1434-5) EEWills103/8 : Geretrude..schuld haue the godes of the seyde Isabell..for to brynge her on erthe.
- (1439) EEWills126/27 : First, brynge hym to the Erthe honestly.
- c1440(c1350) Octav.(1) (Thrn)69/69 : I ne wote how þis land sall fare..Whene we are broghte to grownde.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)929 : Whan þat Gabba was gon & to grounde [vr. erthe] broȝt, Othis entriþ on ernest.
- c1475 Guy(4) (Cai 107/176)7618 : There was neuer man..Syth crystendome was brought in hand, That had so many sonnes wyght.
d
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)8/20 : He wolde swiðor þa soðæn eadmodnysse on him bringan, to his beterunge.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)15292 : Hemm wass brohht, i Crisstenndom, Gastlike witt onn hæfedd.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)32/540 : Hwenne hit [the child] forwurðe & bringe on his moder sorhe.
- a1275 On hire is al (Trin-C B.14.39)35,36 : Þu brutist [vr. brohtest] us day, and eue nith; heo brout [vr. broȝte] wou, þu brout rid.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)65 : Was non so bold..Þat ðurste upon his [menie] bringhe Hunger, ne here wicke þinghe.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)310 : I can a red ðat hem sal bringen iwel sped.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Jer.45.5 : Y shal bringe euel vp on eche flesh.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1318 : For also wel sche myhte seie, 'Go tak the Mone ther it sit,' As bringe that into my wit.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)14/6 : When God will, sir Edward sal vs bute bring.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Gen.27.12 : Y drede lest he..brynge on me malysoun for benysoun.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5005 : Thanne brynge they to her remembraunce The foly dedis of hir infaunce.
- (1442) Reg.Spofford in Cant.Yk.S.23252 : Bryngyng to mynd the grete zele that holy faders have had.
- a1450(?a1349) ?Rolle Luf es lyf (Cmb Dd.5.64)7 : Lufe vs bote sall bryng.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)41/188 : My dethe is me brought.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)80/24 : Þe names..schulen bring into remembraunce of him..alle goddis commaundementis.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)229 : That was a thynge that brought hym more mys-ese.
2a.
To bring (sb. into, or out of, a state or condition).
Associated quotations
- c1175(OE) Bod.Hom.Dom.Quadr.(Bod 343)48/27 : Þridde is þat mon..þa wædliȝendan on rihte brincge.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)3144 : He wass þa brohht ut off all Orrtrowwþe & orrraþnesse.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)35/32 : Ðe hali gast..bringþ hie on gode wille.
- a1275 Louerd asse þu ard (Trin-C B.14.39)252 : Þer to funde bornis co[n]stantin þe kinke alle þ[es] londes to cristendome toe brinken.
- a1275 On leome (Trin-C B.14.39)8 : He broutte to saluaciun þe world.
- c1300 SLeg.Lucy (LdMisc 108)52 : Ne fonde þor neuere to bringue me of mi clene þouȝt.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)237 : Ghe brocte us to woa.
- c1330(?a1300) Guy(2) (Auch)p.506 : Telle me whi þou art in sorwe brauȝt.
- a1350 St.Alex.(1) (LdMisc 108)53/317 : He was þolemod in alle þinge; þer-out ne myȝtte no man him bringe.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3184 : Ther nas no remedie To brynge hem out of hire aduersitee.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.602 : Ther koude no man brynge hym in arrerage.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)5.145 : And bidde þe Rode of Bromholm bringe me out of dette.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.1065 : He broghte hem alle in good acord.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.123 : His sonne was taken als thefe, & brouht in bond.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.4025 : But to effecte our purpos for to bryng, My counseil is [etc.].
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.45 : Why nyl I brynge al Troie upon a roore?
- (1434) Misyn ML (Corp-O 236)121/7 : If þou desyre to..be broght to despisynge of eerþly þingis.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)204/22 : Ȝyf any preyer myth bryngyn hem to grace or to Cristyndom.
- c1440(a1349) Rolle Bee (Thrn)56/49 : It brynges thaym till na stabylnes.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)19/25 : Be þis holy fader..was Augustin brovt on-to þis desire.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)147/43 : He xal us brynge fro þe develys drede.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)170/14 : Forto assay, ȝef þei mow bryng hym oute of þe beleue.
2b.
(a) ~ aboven (alofte, up), to raise (sb.) in rank or power, exalt (sth.), elevate; ~ adoun (bihinde, binethen, doun, lou, nether, under, undernethe), to overcome (sb.), vanquish, humble, weaken (sth.), debase, destroy, do away with; ~ forth, exalt; also, refl. advance oneself; (b) ~ awei, refl. bring (oneself) off, escape; ~ ayen, bring back, restore; ~ forth, utter, say, speak; ~ in, seduce, deceive; ~ on, incite, entice, persuade; ~ up, come to land, stop; (c) ~ forth, adduce (sth.) as an example; bring in (as a witness), call upon (sb.); ~ in, introduce (sth. into a country, among mankind, etc.), bring (sth.) into (a conversation, argument, etc.); ~ up, introduce (a fashion); suggest (sth.), bring to mind; (d) ~ forth, rear (a child), bring up; raise (animals); educate (sb.); ~ up, bring up (a child), raise (an animal), foster (an abbey, etc.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)1982 : Þa Englisce ouer-comen þe Brutuns & brouhten heom þer neoðere.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)9839 : An ȝif min cun clembeþ and þe bi-neoþe bringeþ, þan hart þou for-lore.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)1463 : And al hit was to shende him & his name to bringe lowe.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8834 : False elnen & mesures he broȝte al clene adoun.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)3959 : I balfulli here-bi-fore was brout al bi-neþe.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ecclus.20.29 : A wys man in wrdis shal bringe forth hymself [L producet se ipsum].
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)10.212 : Dobest..bringeþ adoun Modi.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.604 : Fair speche hath ofte brought above Ful many a man.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)18.145 : Leue þou neuere þat ȝone liȝte hem alofte [vrr. a-loft schal, a-lofte schal hem] brynge.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.2624 : How þoruȝ age now I am brouȝt lowe.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.922 : Thus they wolde han brought hemself alofte.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.7.89 : He ne mai nat in no wyse bryngen forth ne spreden his name to many manere peples.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)56/5 : How glorius I was..& how law I am broghte.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)340,342 : The hethen folke to brynge downe..And Crysten men to brynge aboue.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)635 : That ys broght up, she [Fortune] set al doun.
- c1450(?c1425) St.Mary Oign.(Dc 114)135/43 : She..chastysed hir body and broghte hit vndirneth.
- a1500(c1370) Chaucer Comp.L.(Benson-Robinson)5 : I so fer have broght myself behynde, That..ther may nothyng me lisse.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)1428 : That brynges me vnder & not above.
- a1500 Henley Husb.(Sln 686)46 : A hors is wered and ouerset and brought downe by labur.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)12486 : He wollde himm brinngenn onn To makenn bræd off staness.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)51 : He let..deules..bringen on þe kinges heorte of babilonie þat he sholde fare to þe burh.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)60b : Þe sweoke of helle eggeð to a þing..he..bringeð hire on to gederin & ȝeouen.
- a1300(?a1250) Serm.Atte wrastlinge (Trin-C B.1.45)106 : Hem, þat ben out of godis lore, strengþin us to bringin hem agein.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2032 : Ghe..seið ioseph hire wulde don ðat ghe ne migte him bringen on.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)128 : Vor he him yelt his wyttes and his onderstondinge and him brengþ ayen to him-zelue.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.87 : In þe ȝere folowynge he brouȝt up at Norþwhiche, wasted þe contre, and brende Tedforþ.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1447 : Sche..seide how sche wol bringe him inne, That sche schal him to dethe winne Al only of his oghne grant.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)12138 : And queþen com he þat es sua ying For to bring forth sli talking?
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)16246 : Þou aght to spek, to bring þi self a-wai.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)85/16 : Brynge aȝen þe rondnes of þilke vlcus into a long forme.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1765 : It wolde have brought my lyf agayn.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1835 : A word, for shame, forth ne myght she brynge.
- c1440 Tales Contrition (Thrn)7/21 : He moghte noghte brynge a worde furthe.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)1750 : Al was doon to bryng hym in.
- a1500 Mirror Salv.(Beeleigh)p.13 : Sho broght him inne with faging wordes white.
c
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)36 : An oþer he nom on Latin þe makede..Austin, þe fulluht broute [Otho: brofte] hider in.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)116a : He [the Devil] bringeð up sum uuel word oðer sum oþer nohtunge.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.2309 : Coveitise..broghte ferst the werres inne.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)121a/a : Derknesse bringiþ in fere and drede.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5676 : Qua has broght vp þis word o me?
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)23/11 : Þe ensaumple þat ȝe bringiþ forþ is nouȝt aȝenus vs noþer.
- (1418) MSS PRO in App.Bk.Lond.E.295 : Þer most be a wret Derected to þe Scherreve..to a-rest and to brenge in chastesyng of all other.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.360 : Þei fil in daliaunce..to speken of Enee, Brouȝte In of hate & of enmyte.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)1218 : His hope stod Be Aliaunce of some worthy blood Brouȝt Inne by mene of his doghtres tweyn.
- a1425(?c1384) Wycl.Church (Bod 788)345 : To assente wiþ suche falseheed bringiþ in ofte heresies.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.10.152 : Thise geometriens..ben wont to bryngen yn thinges that thei clepen porismes or declaracions.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1045 : Fortune..Hath sodeynly brought in so newe a chaunce.
- a1450(?1348) Rolle FLiving (Cmb Dd.5.64)98/69 : Þe synnes of dede er þir..to lede karols, to bryng up new gyse.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Conf.(Dub 245)341 : Þis priuey sorowe of herte is..ne priuey rownyng late brouȝt inne.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)126/33 : We bringen forþ god or his name to be witnesse in a trifle.
- a1500 PParv.(KC 8)51 : Bryngyn forthe, or shewyn forthe: Profero.
d
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7596 : Þe abbeye al so of cam, he rerde in normandie..He broȝte vp moni oþer hous of religion also To bete þulke robberie.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1817 : For here-to-fore of hardnesse hadestow neuer, but were brouȝt forþ in blisse.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)278a/a : Þe bicche is..more busy to norishe and brynge vp þe whelpes.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)47/18 : The Sarazines bryngen forth no pigges.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)85/18 : If scho hafe childer, þai late hir liffe for to bring þam vp.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.666 : Fesauntis vp to bryng is thus to do: Tak noon but of oon yeer [etc.].
- (1445) ?Bokenham Claudian CS (Add 11814)265/86 : As grete cure also thou haddist his brothir to mayntene To educate and to brynge forthe.
- (1447) in Mullinger Cambridge 1314 : Two collages..are of grete reputacon for good and worshipful clerkis that..have be bredde and brought forth in theym.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)390/11 : I may not eatt of þat at my moder bryngis vp..sho bredis hennys.
- (1465) Paston4.157 : Every pore man that hath browt up his chylder to the age of xij yer.
2c.
(a) ~ at (to) on, to join (two things) together; reconcile, unite; (b) ~ ayenes (on), bring (an accusation, etc.) against; (c) ~ in wordes, interpret (writing); ~ into exaumple, explain (sth.) with examples; (d) ~ of (o, a-) dawe, ~ of live(s dawe, ~ out of dawes, ~ of (o, fro, out of) live, kill (sb.); ~ out of kind, change the form or nature of (sth.), transform; ~ out of silver, cost (one) money; (e) ~ o brine, ~ on fir, set fire to (sth.); ~ o (on, a-) slepe, put (sb.) to sleep; (f) ~ to bai, bring (a beast) to bay; ~ to deth (dethes dawes), kill (sb.); ~ to (til) ende, finish (sth.), complete, carry out, fulfill; ~ to ground, overcome (sb.), conquer, subdue; ~ to hep, bring (sth.) about, succeed in (sth.); ~ to hond, get the better of, overcome; ~ to joint, put (dislocated bones) into joint; ~ to live, restore to life; ~ to pref, put (sth.) to the test; ~ to resoun, interpret (sth.); ~ to sege, overcome, subdue; ~ to womman, rear to womanhood; (g) ~ under fot (fet), conquer, subdue; (h) ~ with child, get (a woman) with child.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)262 : Crist was him-sulf þe goede corner-ston Þat was amydde þe twey walles and boþe brouȝte to on.
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.96 : Noman ne no woman of þis gilde enplede oþer for no trespas, tyl qwan þe aldirman and þe gilde breþere han assayed for to bringen hem at one.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.437 : If gentil men..Were wrothe, she wolde bryngen hem aton.
b
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))John 18.29 : Pilat..seide, 'What accusing brynge ȝe aȝens this man?'
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1469 : Poliphete Is now aboute..for to plete, And brynge on yow advocacies newe.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.15/3 : Many also opynly aȝenste the seruant of God..browghtyn many sclawnders with thretnyngis.
c
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)152b/b : Thus descryueþ it Arnold in liber [etc.]..In which he bryngeþ þe wirching of fleobotomye in to exemple [L adducit in exemplum].
- a1500(c1386) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)56 : Mony clerke..besiet hom aboute noȝt, to brynge hom in wordes.
d
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)9776 : Profetess all wiþþutenn gillt Þeȝȝ haffdenn brohht off life.
- c1300 Horn (LdMisc 108)190 : Paynims þer..broucten [Hrl: brohten; Cmb: duden] men of liue.
- c1300 SLeg.Cross (LdMisc 108)462 : Alle þat nolden tuyrne to god, he brouȝte sone of dawe.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)78/30 : Huy scholden todrawe Þane Apostel..and bringue him of lijf-dawe.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)6362 : Ich broȝte him wiþ of dawe.
- c1330(?a1300) Guy(2) (Auch)p.550 : Þis douke..Haþ him brouȝt o dawe.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)107 : Þat best þerwe bale was brouȝt out of kinde.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)1159 : We ne scholde..be demembrid euerechoun & broȝt of lyues dawe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)7808 : Þat i suld him bring o dau [Trin-C: of dawe; Frf: on liues dawe].
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.1561 : Thus this worthy knight was brought of live.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)7162 : We wole..other weyes brynge hym fro lyve.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)24b/a : Humours þe whiche ben altred i. brouȝt out of kynde in to dyuerse substaunces or into quytter.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2378 : His bolde knyghtez..ware broughte owte of lyfe.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)924 : Þat lord out of lyf hym broȝt.
- (?1462) Paston4.48 : I have bought salt and other thyngs, whiche hathe brought me out of myche sylvir.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)275/109,129 : It were ful nedful to bryng þe A dawe..he may be browt of dawe.
- a1525 Conq.Irel.(Dub 592)34/10 : The folke..wyth wepne..brynge out of dawes.
e
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)1355 : Þe keiser..bed bringen o brune an ad amidden þe burh.
- 1372 Als i lay vp-on (Adv 18.7.21)6 : Þe maiden wolde..Hire child o slepe bringge.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)9.58 : Blisse of the briddes brouȝten me [B: made me to] a slepe [vr. on slepe].
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.3347 : He the fol hath broght aslepe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)78a/a : Þey be sone Iholpe and brouȝt on slepe.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)12438 : Stykkes þat are smale, þey brenne fyrst..To brynge þe grete stokkes sone on fyre.
- c1450(c1400) Emare (Clg A.2)583 : He was on slepe browȝt.
f
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)ded.28 : Unnc birrþ baþe þannkenn Crist Þatt itt iss brohht till ende.
- a1225(OE) Lamb.Hom.VA (Lamb 487)103 : Ȝifernesse..þan men..to deþe bringeð mid unmete drunche.
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)14/123 : Ich habbe bigunne to tellen of þing þet ich ne mahte nawt bringe to eni ende [Tit: bringen to ende].
- c1300 SLeg.Lucy (LdMisc 108)3 : Dame Evtice hire Moder het, þat hire to wommane brouȝte.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)2420 : He gan sende Ane legat..to bringe þis dede to ende.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)72/60 : Straunge men þere comen..and brouȝten enguelond to grounde.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)332 : Ihesu crist, that lazarun To liue broucte fro dede bondes.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)3 : Lazar was ded þat Ihesus brouȝte þo to lyue.
- a1350(1307) Execution Fraser (Hrl 2253)176 : He wes foursiþe forswore to þe kyng þer bifore, & þat him brohte to grounde.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)388 : He adde an stronge ax þat maniman broȝte to deþe.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2570 : Þe werwolf an huge hert hade hunted..&..brouȝt hit to deþe.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)453 : A-non tholomers men..beeren hem a-bac and brouhten hem to grounde.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)288 : Wiþ wit was his be-gynnynge, þe ffader wolde to ende bringe.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.788 : He was noght of such myht The strengthe of love to withstonde, That he ne was so broght to honde.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4349 : Þi luue me has broght to grund.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.18 : Fyue & þritty batailes had he brouht tille ende.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1633 : If þou redes hit by ryȝt, and hit to resoun brynges, Fyrst telle me þe tyxte of þe tede lettres.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)11.189 : Ȝut were best to bee aboute and brynge hit to hepe.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)53 : Whan it is in þe joyntis of here feet, þat ben renne out of her places, þe best help þat þer is to brynge hem agayn to þe joint.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.307 : Al is untrewe That men of yelpe, and it were brought to preve.
- a1425-a1500(?c1350) Libeaus (Kaluza)1653 : Into þe feld þey ride..As bestes brouȝt to bay.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)63a/b : If it be not streyned, it bringeþ to deþ.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)666 : This werk al brought was to an ende.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)224 : Þay..Buffetyn hym, betyn hym, and brynges hym to sege.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)2593 : All batels þus þei broyȝt to end.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)168/170 : Sone they were to deth brought.
- c1475 Court Sap.(Trin-C R.3.21)2047 : Dame Musyke..taught syx syllabes..Whyche in an hympne thow may bryng to hepe.
- c1475 Guy(1) (Cai 107/176)1638 : Theeffis and outelawes, That my felawes haue broughte to dethis dawes.
- c1450(a1375) Octav.(2) (Clg A.2)7/177 : Thus browȝt sche her treson to hepe.
g
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)1982 : Þe Engles ouer-come þe Brutuns and brohte heom vnder fote.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)91/5 : Pryde and hauteynesse he hatyd, and wolde brynge vndyrfete [Dub: vnder fote].
h
- c1300 Evang.(Dlw 22)487 : [Þ]e holi gost hauiz hire ben milde [Þ]at hire hauis brout wiht childe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)130a/b : A man may brynge many wommen wiþ childe.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)3212 : He his will had doon And brouȝt hir with child.
3.
To place (sth.), put, arrange; ~ in place, put (sth.) in its proper place or order; ~ on (a-) bere, place (sb.) on the bier; ~ on hors, remount (sb.); ~ to (in, a-) bed, put (sb.) to bed; also, bring to the marriage bed, marry, have intercourse with; ~ up, raise.
Associated quotations
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)159 : Þis maiden schal ben oure, Roulandriis to wedde..To bring hir to his bedde.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)93 : Damisels..brouȝt hir to bed atte last.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.915 : With hir olde cote..He couered hire..But on hir body myghte he it nat brynge.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1818 : The bryde was broght a bedde.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)11228 : God ȝyue hem grace, þo þat shul wedde, Yn ryȝt wedlak be broȝt to bedde.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)12715 : O þis reckining na mar her nu, Bot o Iohn baptist and o iesu, þe sext eild for to bring in place.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)58 : Þe ship was..vppon þe water brouȝt.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)314/4,5 : Putte yn ij fyngris..and bringe þe boon to his propre place aȝen..& whanne þe boon is brouȝt as it schulde be [etc.].
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)8.30 : Lat brynge a man in a bote amydde a brode water.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)19/48 : To bring ȝow out of band, Or ȝe be broght on bere..Þan cumes Philip to late.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)29/68 : Þe comun puple was ful prest Rapes to bring obout þaire swire.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.1679 : Pandarus hem two Abedde brought.
- (1431) Grocer Lond.(Kingdon)194/6 : In owr Tyme browchȝt vppe þe Fondements off þe boterye panterye Evyn wt þe heyȝt off þe dorys.
- a1450(a1400) Medit.Pass.(2) (Add 11307)838 : To brynge þin owne frend a-bere.
- a1450(a1400) Medit.Pass.(2) (Add 11307)860 : Sone þou sholdest ben broȝt on bere.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1210-1 : 'To bedde þou muste me brynge.' 'Ȝa! whanne ȝe be in bedde browth boþe.'
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)168/162o : There come..to hundrid knyghtys, And brought on hors sir Ercules.
4.
(a) To give (sth. to sb.), bring (a gift, food, an offering, etc.); ~ to, ~ unto; (b) bring (laws); bring (greetings, a message, an answer, news, etc.); ~ to.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)24/1 : Heom mon feorran brohten..æȝðer ȝe lac ȝe gafol.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)7883 : Þeȝȝ sholldenn brinngenn lac wiþþ child till Godess allterr.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)13698 : Comen þa Peohtes & bruhten hæued þas kinges.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)31a : Ne brohten [Nero: brouhten] ha him to present ne win ne ale ne weater.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)107 : Ho broȝte [Jes-O: brouhte] his briddes mete.
- c1300 SLeg.Lucy (LdMisc 108)170 : Bringuth me ore louerdes flechs and is blod.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)608 : Ðe seuendai..it..brogt a grene oliues bog.
- c1330 7 Sages(1) (Auch)107/2217 : He scholde..brenge a besaund to offring.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3882 : Oon of hise men..His [Pompey's] heed of smoot..and hym the heed he broghte.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1442 : Men broghte hym out of his contree..ful pryvely, his rente.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Sh.(Manly-Rickert)B.1391 : I wol brynge yow an hundred frankes.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.807 : Thilke dowere that ye broghten me, Tak it agayn.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)50.17 : For if þou wald, offrand had I broghte.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)757 : A capon rosted broght sho sone.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)68/4 : Þis forsaide knyghte..broȝthe it till Alexander for to drynke.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)401 : He was dede of a drynke..That the curssede Cassander in a cowpe hym broghte.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)142/14 : A damesel..brought unto sir Arthure a swerde lyke unto Excaliber.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)362/192 : He brouth me this palme from my sone.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)139/722 : A byrd haue I broght To my barne.
b
- a1150(c1125) Vsp.D.Hom.Fest.Virg.(Vsp D.14)20/56 : Se ængel hire brohte gretinge fram heofene-rice.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)81 : Moyses þe prophete, he brohte þe laȝe.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)27994 : Þa com þer..an oht mon..and brohte tidinge.
- a1250 Cristes milde moder (Nero A.14)86 : Uor þere gretunge þet Gabriel ðe brouhte.
- c1300 Gabriel fram evene king (Arun 248)3 : Gabriel..broute þire blisful tiding.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2154 : Þis bode was brouȝt to þemperour[s] boþe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3965 : Þe messag[er]s him broght [Göt: brohut; Trin-C: brouȝte] answar.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.308 : To yow wolde I no swiche tales brynge.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)343 : The oule ek..of deth the bode bryngeth.
- (1440) *Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)530 : Þi message þat þou bringis.
5.
To change (sth. into sth. else); reduce (sth. to powder, a book to a treatise, a fine to a smaller amount); make (birds tame, a story brief, something dirty clean); ~ to (til, into); ~ to nought, destroy, ruin.
Associated quotations
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)141 : Ðe oðer..is of clensunge, þat is þat brinð hori to clene.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)73b : Hit bringeð to noht al þes deofles wiheles.
- ?a1300(c1250) Prov.Hend.(Dgb 86)st.44 : Ne bringest þou nevere asse to gode rodehorse.
- a1350 Ich herdemen (Hrl 2253)52 : He wole mi bugging bringe ful bare.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)5/140 : Al þat he heþ iseneged her..Eliinge brengeþ hit to nouȝte.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)81.1 : He brouȝt to nouȝt þe fals goddes.
- (1389) Lond.Gild Ret.in Bk.Lond.E.(PRO C 47/var.)42/49 : He ne schal nouȝt, for defaute of help, be brouȝt to nouȝt, ne be vndon of his astat.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.623 : Al was in to pouldre broght.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.1491 : A man may..lerne..To multiplie and brynge his good to naught.
- a1400 I þinge (Mert 248)15 : Nowth of owth brynkis me tyl nowth.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)122b/a : Ȝette vpon it olium mirtinum & stiptic wyne vnto þei be brouȝt [*Ch.(2): turnede] in to substance of hony.
- c1450 Scrope Othea (Lngl 253)110 : Ylyon..was take and brent and broute to nowte.
- a1450 Spaldyng Katereyn þe curteys (BodR 22)p.541 : Þo briddus sche brogth tame.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)74 : Cornelius..brought it [book on Trojan war] so breff, and so bare leuyt, þat no lede might have likyng to loke þerappon.
- (c1452) *Plea & Mem.R.Lond.GildhA 77.m.6a : Cam Stephen Grene draper and Robart Garstang Grocer..for to entrete wyth the said henry, and so they broughten the said condempnacion in to v li.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)177/3 : I brynge not a greet book into a tretice..or a mounteyn into an ynche.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)6/153 : Pride in thoght..has broght vs all to noght.
6.
(a) To make (sth.), create, produce; cause (sth.); devise, say; bear (fruit, offspring); (b) ~ abouten (aboven), cause, do, make, devise; cause (sth.) to happen, accomplish; ~ forth, make (sth.), create, produce, cause; bear (crops, fruit, offspring), hatch (birds); ~ up, invent (sth.), produce (sth.); (c) make (sb. do sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)147 : Twa þing beoð ine þe, Mon; þet an is þet brochte icunde.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)710 : Ich kon..bringe blisse for & wide.
- a1275 Stod ho (Tan 169*)30 : Blisse he brocte in icha toun.
- (1287) Close R.Edw.I448 : Peter Bringelove.
- a1300 Owl & N.(Jes-O 29)524 : Hwenne nyhtes cumeþ longe & bryngeþ forstes starke & stronge.
- c1300 SLeg.MPChr.(LdMisc 108)564 : Ȝif it rotuth and chineth, muche fruyt it bringez.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)265 : He bre[n]gþ glednesse.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.348 : This branche, Which proud Envie hath mad to springe, Of Scisme, causeth forto bringe This new Secte of Lollardie.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.1059 : Preyeth hire [goddess of the sea] so greet a flood to brynge.
- a1425(?c1384) Wycl.Church (Bod 788)345 : It is more fals in himsilf þan ouȝt þan men shulen bringe herof.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3035 : Trespas was hir fadir name, Hir moder Resoun; and thus was Shame Brought of these ilke twoo.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.11.24 : Thei han no power to bryngen a good that is ful and absolut.
- c1450 Dc.Prov.(Dc 52)44 : Oft bryngeth on day, Þat all þe ȝere not may.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)429 : Fourty signes þat þey bringen forto shewe an heretik ben not worþy to reherse.
b
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)74/12 : Gif hit [grain of wheat] soðlice beæȝðed bið, hit bringæð mycele wæstm forð.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)1937 : Þær brohhte ȝho þat wasstme forþ Off all unnwemmedd wambe.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)37a : Leate ha schulen bringe forð briddes of swuch nest.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)185 : Hit ne bringeþ fforþ no ffrut.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)75 : Barn ne had þei none brouȝt forþ of here bodies.
- (1384) Appeal Usk in Bk.Lond.E.26/113 : Vnder colour ther-of, shulde haue be broght a-boute mochel of the euel menyng; to haue vndo the worthy membres of the town.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.51 : Þerfore it is þat Europa norischeþ and bryngeth forþ men huger and gretter of body.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.297 : He brouȝt up [L adinvenit; Higd.(2): founde] first þis lettre x.; me wroot þerfore to forehonde c.r.s.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.821 : I shall tellen..What we shul doon and brynge it wel aboute.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.1162 : Thus thei bringen up descord.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.426 : I broghte it so aboute by my wit That they moste yeue it vp.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)147a/a : The swan..sittiþ on broode and bringiþ forþ briddes.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.758 : He..tolde clerly out, With premisses ful wel brouȝt about.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.1275 : I shal wel bryngen it aboute To come ayeyn, soone after that I go.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.m.5.14 : Hesperus..in the first tyme of the nyght bryngeth forth hir colde arysynges.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)51 : Brynge forthe chyldyr, or chyldrun: Parturio, pario, edo..Brynge forthe frute: Fructifico. Brynge forthe kynlynge: Feto.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)217 : No þing may be remedied eer þan þe remedie þerof be brouȝt forþ.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)222 : Woman, frutt that comys on the Sall be broyȝt furth with paynys grett.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)88/4 : He sawe that he myght not bryng itt aboute.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)146/9 : If she myght bryng hit aboute to sle Arthure.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)59/28 : It bringiþ forþ to him bodily deeþ.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)2321 : God will haue hit brouwghte above That ye shall wyth worshipe wynne your love.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)7 : The devell was right gladde that he hadde brought this a-bouten.
c
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)17 : Bide for him..þet crist hine bringe þet he icherre from þan uuelnesse.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)16/232 : Flih..þe stude & te time, þe mahten bringe þe on mis forte donne.
- a1275 Seinte marie leuedi (Trin-C B.14.39)5 : Gabriel..brovste al wid riste þen holi gost to listen in þe.
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)2727 : My fader and moder I haue tolde To turne hem, and þei ne wolde..I may noȝt hem bryngge þerto.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.4.23 : Thou..ne myghtest nat ben broght..that thow woldest beren the magistrat with Decorat.
7.
To show (sth.), bear (a mark, scar); set (an example).
Associated quotations
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)87 : He ous zente his blissede zone..uor to brenge ous þe zoþe uorbisne.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)6/5 : We haue grete wondir of þe and þin husband þat þou bringgist neuyr no merk of his strokys.
- a1500(?c1440) Lydg.HGS (Lnsd 699)174 : Wilde gees..Kalendis bryng pleynly for to seye Ageyn wyntir how men shal them purueye.
8.
Associated quotations
- c1450 Art Number.(Ashm 396)40/34 : Whan a digit multipliethe an article, thow most bryng the digit into þe digit, of þe whiche the article [has] his name.
- c1450 Art Number.(Ashm 396)47/22,23 : The more meene thus, as to brynge the rote of the lesse into a quadrat of the more. The lesse thus, If the rote of the more be brought Into the quadrat of the lesse.
9.
Hawk. ~ to lure, ~ to reclaim, to recall (a hawk); fig. bring (sb.) up short, check, restrain.
Associated quotations
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mcp.(Manly-Rickert)H.72 : Another day he wole..Reclayme thee and brynge thee to lure.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1578 : Was nan þam moght bring to reclaim.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1450 Eagle Magic in Tul.SE 22 (Add 34111)24/51 : Þe stones..y-bore aboute þe nek..shulle kepe from alle wykednesse of man and of best and of all wykyd spirites and breng alle godenesse.
Note: Additional quot. for sense 1.(d).
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)37 : I rehersid þe decre of þe kirk..þat no man here þe messe of þe prest þat he wot dowtles haþ a concubyn, or a womman suspect preueyli browt vndre.
Note: New subsense for sense 2b.(a).
Note: Add to extant gloss: "~ under, to possess (a woman) sexually."
- (1422) Plea & Mem.in Bk.Lond.E.130/271 : These ben þe defautes & noisaunces founden with-in þe warde of þe toure by enquest to-fore John Michell, Alderman..William Brigis and John his man bringes vp newe Customes of diuerse men and wymen, ayenst þe Fredome of þe Cite, by faching of water..or pikyng of Chippes vpon þe commune Grounde, for whiche he maketh men to pay.
Note: New sense for sense 2b.(c).
Note: Add to extant gloss: "~ up, to impose (a fee on sb.), levy."
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.41.21 : 'Bringeþ to, if any thing par auenture ȝee han,' seiþ þe king of iacob; come þei neȝ & telle þei to vs what euer thingis ben to comen.
Note: New phrase for sense 2b.(c): ~ to.
Note: Modify relevant portion of extant gloss: "~ forth (to), to adduce (sth.) as an example;--also without obj. [quot. a1382 ]; to call upon (sb.) as a witness, invoke; ~ in...."
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)175a/b : Medicyne caustice..bristeþ & brynneþ þe skyn & þe flesh..And it..indureþ, i. hardneþ, & bryngeþ into a cole [Ch.(2): stone; L carbonem] wiþout grete ake.
Note: New phrase for sense 6.(b): ~ into, to bring about (sth.), produce, conduce to.
Note: "cole" = Med. a lump of darkened scarified tissue.
Note: Addition: in sense 2a., the gloss needs to be changed to "To bring (sb. or sth. into, or out of, a state or condition)." (See quot. c1425(a1420): "to bring our purpose to effect.")
Note: The list of variant spellings in the form section is incomplete and needs revision to accord with standards of later volumes of the MED.--all notes per MLL
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: See also broughtforth phr. as n. 'the product of multiplication.'