Middle English Dictionary Entry
bō̆nd(e n.(2) & adj.
Entry Info
| Forms | bō̆nd(e n.(2) & adj. |
| Etymology | From bō̆nd(e n.(1), q.v. for fuller definition. The adj. arises from the noun used as predicate; cpds. may contain the noun or the adj. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Having the status of a tenant or serf (as opposed to that of a freeman or nobleman); a tenant or serf; bond and fre, bondman and freeman, all classes of society, everyone; ~ of birthe (lineage), born in bondage; (b) specif., a serf.
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)3153 : He ran oway ful riȝt; Þo folwed bond and fre.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2128 : Barouns, burgeys & bonde, & alle oþer burnes.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2751 : That they that been thralle and bonde of lynage shuln be maad worthy and noble.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.171 : Þe folk he did somoune, Lered men & lay, fre & bond of toune.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)88 : Þay..Broȝten bachlerez hem wyth..Swyerez þat swyftly swyed on blonkez, And also fele upon fote, of fre and of bonde.
- (1414) RParl.4.60b : The forseide Priour and Chanons..heyly hav offenden aȝeyns us, & aȝeyns her bonde.
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)14/18 : Be he boond, be he free.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.316 : I-lyche in oon, bothe to fre and bonde.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.840 : Fortune..pleyeth with free and bonde.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)5668 : Þer blessed hym boþ fre & bonde.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)37.462 : To Maken hem fre that weren bonde.
- a1450 Myne awen dere sone (Vsp D.13)231 : When þou art fre, make þe not bonde; For if þou do, þou ert full fonde.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)229 : And had neygh destrued free and bonde.
- c1450(c1396) Chaucer Buk.(Benson-Robinson)32 : God graunte yow your lyf frely to lede In fredam; for ful hard is to be bonde.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)58/16 : Þe laste wyll..of bonde or fre, seruaunt or prentys.
- a1450 Thynk man qwerof (Sln 2593)p.241 : For hunger deyid gret plente, Powre and ryche, bond and fre.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)559/10 : The which ben called natif or bonde or bonde of birthe.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)16b : Bonde: Natiuus, seruilis.
- a1500(a1400) Cleges (Adv 19.1.11)114 : I fede both fre and bond.
b
- (1386) in Madox Form.Angl.(1702)428 : Omnibus tenentibus meis, videlicet Husbandis, Cotiers, & Bond.
2.
Various secondary uses: in servile or subordinate condition; under domination or obligation; subservient, subject (to sth.).
Associated quotations
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3460 : She kepte hir maydenhede from euery wight, To no man deigned hire for to be bonde.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.145 : Thurgh synne..now is he maked bonde.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.378 : A wyf destroyeth hir housbonde; This knowen they that been to wyues bonde.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)6991 : Wele ys he worþ bonde to be, þat wil noȝt thole and make him fre.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1223 : Holden hym in honde She nolde nought, ne make hireselven bonde In love.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)52b/b : Mannez nature is manyfolde seruant or bonde, and so of it selfe is it subicte to diuerse perilez as it is said in anoþer facultee.
- (a1460) DSPhilos.(Helm)51/12 : Ho that will be free, coueyte nat that thu mayste nat haue, or ellis thu shalt be bonde.
- c1425 Wycl.Antichr.(2) (Dub 245)p.cxxxii : Crist made fre men & þei maken bonde.
3.
Phrases & cpds.: (a) bonde bore, born of a bondman or into servitude; ~ cherl, ~ thral, ~ servaunt, a bondman or serf; fig. a slave (to vice); ~ child, son of a serf (used insultingly); ~ folk, ~ kinrede, the class of tenants, the tenantry; ~ lond-holder, ~ tenaunt, a customary tenant, bondman; ~ lord, a lord in servitude; (b) ~ servages and custumes, the services and rents of a tenant; of ~ condicioun (manere), as a serf; in servitude or vassalage; (c) ~ drede, servile fear; (d) ~ helle, a hell of (eternal) bondage.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.758 : The lawe seith that temporel goodes of bonde folk ben the goodes of hir lordshipes.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.74 : As him which is his [of wine] bonde thral And al in his subjeccion.
- (1414) RParl.4.57b : Notwithstondynge the Statut made upon bonde bore men.
- (1414) RParl.4.58a : After the fourme of a Statut mad upon bonde bore men and bonde londholderes.
- (1414) RParl.4.58b : To ben her bonde cherles.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)288 : Neiþer þey ben aboue vs, to whom we ouȝte be vndir as bonde servauntis.
- a1450(a1400) Medit.Pass.(2) (Add 11307)1312 : Blak snow and loue of discord, Pore richesse and bonde lord.
- a1450 Parton.(1) (UC C.188)3319 : The bonde kynred [Add: bonde kyndrede] I made free.
- a1475(1450) Scrope DSP (Bod 943)274/16 : A maister..saide to him: 'holde thi pees, thou bonde-childe!'
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.152 : Þogh..þe yle..Be to þe sugget as þi bonde þrall.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)189/36 : All bonde tenauntis of the same lond with all theire sequeles.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)70b/a : Ȝif a seruynge womman is of bonde condicioun, sche is not I suffred to take an housbonde at her owne wille.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)5760 : Me to selle on bonde manere; Y ne recche vn-to whom.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)26/12 : Ȝe wolde mene þat onliche ȝe beþ verrey lordes, and kynges & princes of bonde condicioun & so made þralles.
- (1414) RParl.4.58a : The forseide Priour and Chanons hav cleymed..bonde servages and custumes, for her singuler profyt and non avauntage to the Kyng.
c
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)37/14 : Drede forto falle into peyne or punysching, whiche is callid boond drede or seruyle drede.
d
- c1450 Whanne marye was greet (Lamb 853)283-4 : Þere is a boonde helle, but þis is free; Þe boond helle was ordeyned for ȝou [Lucifer].