Middle English Dictionary Entry
yẹ̄ pron.
Entry Info
Forms | yẹ̄ pron. Also yeȝ, yhe, ȝe, ȝhe, ge, ie, iye, iȝe, (N or early) yie, ȝie, gie & (early) ȝeo, geo, (K) hye, (SEM) hie & (?error) e, (errors) y, þe, he. Contractions: ȝet (= ye hit), yave (= ye have). |
Etymology | OE gē, (Nhb.) gī(e pron. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1a.
As subject of a verb or occas. an implied verb, with plural referent: you: (a) addressing more than one person, bird, object, abstraction, etc.; also, you and he [quot. c1475]; ~ and youres;
(b) addressing more than one person;—with immediately following noun, pron., or num. in apposition or with an adj.; ~ alle, ~ two, ~ your-self, etc.;
(c) ostensibly addressing an individual but apparently referring to the group of which the individual is representative; also, addressing a city and by implication its defenders [quot. a1425(c1333-52)].
Associated quotations
a
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.656 : Ic bidde þe broðer Æðelred & mine swustre Cyneburh & Cynesuuith…þet ge beon witnesse & þet geo hit write mid iure fingre.
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)39/21,22 : Bute ge me secgen þæt soð is beo þyssen…ealle ge sculen swelten gyf ic gesund beo.
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)18/7 : Hwæt beo ȝe oððe hwanon cume ȝe?
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)3364 : Ȝe shulenn findenn ænne child I winndeclutess wundenn.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)135/18,19 : Ðis is iwis godes wille…þat hie ben hali…and þat ȝie wiðealden ȝew fram galnesse.
- a1275 Serm.St.Nich.(Trin-C B.14.39)63/1 : Yc ou rede ye sitten stille…boþe þis lewede ant þis clerkes.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)116 : Segge me ȝif ȝe hit wiste.
- c1275 Ken.Serm.(LdMisc 471)216/64 : Lordinges…hye habbet to gode i offred of yure selure.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1881 : Roberd! willam! hware ar ye?
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)4826 : Ȝoure breþeren…beþ, as ȝe witeþ wel, cristine as wel as ȝe.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)9360 : Louerdinges, jȝe wute wel þat wo so wole do such þing, [etc.].
- c1330 Harrow.H.(Auch)142 : Helle ȝates, y com ȝou to, now ich wil þat ȝe vndo.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)189/10 : To þe fole maydenes…god ham ssette þe gate of þe sposayles and ham zede, ‘ich not huo y [Vices & V.(2): ȝe] byeþ,’ zuo þet hy blesten wyþ-oute.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2675 : Alle my bolde burnes…fo[r] love þat ȝe owe to þe Lord þat let ȝou be fourmed, meyntenes ȝit ȝoure manchip manli a while.
- c1390 Susan.(Vrn)345 : Þou and þi cursed cumpere, ȝe mou not a-corde.
- ?a1400 Mayde and moder glade (Yale Osborn a.1)p.30 : Mari and Joceppe, gla[d] yeȝ be, nou yeȝ may youre son y seee.
- a1425 Hayle bote (Wht)58 : A! synnes, synnes, wo yow be, For fouly haue e [?read: ȝe] gyled me.
- a1425 Nicod.(1) (Add 32578)46 : Pilat sayde to þaime alle, ‘Howe may ȝhe [vr. yhe] blame his dedys?’
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)425 : Wafull werdys, qwat wayes hold yie In þis lyfe destind anence me?
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)47 : If þere were an oþer infinite beyng wiþ þee…if ȝe were such ij infinite beyngis…euer eiþer of ȝou schulde conteyne…alle creaturis.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)17296 : Ȝe and yours sone sall yt wyn.
- c1450 NPass.(Vsp D.9)173/377 : This nyght he [?read: yhe; vr. ȝe] schull be sore adrede Whan that y am ffrom yow ledd.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)54/12 : Quem queritis: Whom seke ye?
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.7.5a : Be ȝie nouȝht dronkin with wyn, bute be ȝie fulfilled of þe holi gost.
- c1475(a1400) Amadace (Tay 9)p.50 : Lord, here is comun the fayrist knyȝte…He says ȝe haue to-gethir bene.
- a1500(?a1400) KEdw.& S.(Cmb Ff.5.48)134 : Þou and oþer…Wel ofte sithes ye banne þe Kyng.
- a1500 NPass.(Hrl 215)172/306 : Ihe habbet wrong.
- a1500 Wars Alex.(Dub 213)1034 : Feght fast with ȝouer faes to yhe faye worthen.
b
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.656 : Ic wille þet ge ealle ge tiðe mine worde.
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)84/31 : Ge men sceolen witen & wislice understonden.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)7/12 : Ȝe ancren schulen halden…þe inre & te uttre.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2188 : Nu bi ðe feið ic og to king pharaon, Sule ge nogt alle eðen gon, [etc.].
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)5838 : To pharao…say ȝe tua þat he lat mi folk a-parte.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)prol.200 : Had ȝe rattes ȝowre wille, ȝe couthe nouȝt reule ȝowre-selue.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)1503 : Touchyng her reste…Demeth ȝe louers that…han fully knowlecchyng.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)86/8 : Ye alle mow in blisse receyve þe crown of paciens.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)60/25 : Ye yourselue take hede.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)152/21 : Heyl be ȝe kyngys tweyne.
c
- c1175(OE) Bod.Hom.Nicod.(Bod 343)2/16 : Ne wundræ þu nateshwon þæt ic þe nu sæde þæt eow bureð þæt ȝe beon æft acennede.
- a1275 *St.Marg.(2) (Trin-C B.14.39)94 : Ye deden him on rode.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)6931 : Ich ileue þe, cniht…& wulche beoð æoure i-leuen þat ȝe [Otho: ȝeo] on ileueð?
- c1300 SLeg.Kath.(LdMisc 108)21 : Sire…Þov scholdest þi wisdom and þi wit to some guode wende…Ȝwy ne bi-holde ȝe þe heiȝe temple?
- a1325(?c1300) NPass.(Cmb Gg.1.1)153 : Ivdas…seid…‘To þe Iueis ich schal him sille’…He yede anon and soth þe fende, þe meste maister [vr. maystirs] of þe londe; He seid, ‘wol iye yeue me mede, And to Iesu ich wol you lede.’
- a1350 In a fryht (Hrl 2253)17 : Haue ȝe or wyl, ȝe waxeþ vnwraste.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)352 : When ȝe arn staued styfly, stekez yow þerinne.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)19/34 : Towrenay…Of dintes ȝe may ȝow dowt.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)58/6 : Douȝtir…no man may ascape myn hondis, for…Ȝe…haue no beynge of ȝouresilf.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)1608 : I putte the nowe in subieccioun…And thine ospringe alle affter the Til ye come to the nyneth degre.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.62 : Þat he hatȝ ȝouyn ȝow to lyuyn by, ȝe forsakyn it.
1b.
As subject of a verb, with indefinite referent: (a) addressing a real or an imagined readership or audience: you;—often used in conventional tags;
(b) used generically: one [= me pron.(1); occas. difficult to distinguish from (a)].
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)38/1-2 : Ge magon beo þysen, gyf ge wylleð, mycel understanden.
- c1175(OE) Bod.Hom.Evang.(Bod 343)20/3 : Her ȝe maȝen ihyræn þæt heo beoð ðreo.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)9006 : Loc ȝiff ȝet wilenn follȝhenn.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)11061 : I clepe itt her þe twellfte daȝȝ Affterr þatt ȝe itt nemmnenn.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.Creed (Trin-C B.14.52)21 : Gie…undestonden þe word of mi muð.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)35/19 : Ȝe schulen to ower parlurs þurl.
- a1300 PMor.(McC 123)23 : Doþ al to gode þat ȝe muȝe þe while ȝe beþ aliue.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)199 : Rewþe mow ȝe here.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1970 : Wite ȝe for soþe.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.66 : I may you telle, if ye woll hiere, A wonder hap.
- a1400 Cursor (Phys-E)21701 : Þare flurist an als gie haue herde.
- ?1403 Yk.BPrayer(1) (Harv Widener 1)64/1 : Ȝe sal mak your prayers specially till our lord god almighti.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)2/6 : Rennes fast do wilis ye haue liht.
- a1425 Direct.Laces in Studies Robbins (Hrl 2320)97 : Þen schal ȝe change þe ouer bowys of ȝowre next hond.
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)117/430 : For to teche ȝow how ȝe schul kepe an hors þat he ne take no suche manere harme, y wold if y cowþe.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)113a/b : If ȝe þinke þat ȝe haue not in þis chapitre sufficient medicyns for þis cause, turne aȝen in to þe chapitre of olde woundis.
- a1500(a1470) Brut-1461(1) (Add 10099)521/18 : Yhe haue wel vnderstond before.
- a1500 Eglam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)4 : Yf ye ony yoye wylle here…Y schalle telle yow of a knyght.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)4303 : Tiss name off þe Laferrd Crist, Þatt ȝe nemmnenn Hælennde, Iss writenn…wiþþ bocstafess sexe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)580 : To se þe saul haf ye [Frf: na þinge; Göt: þai; Trin-C: no man] na might.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)307-8 : Ȝe setten hys wordez ful westernays Þat louez [read: leuez] noþynk bot ȝe hit syȝe.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.11 : In his sawes Methamorphoseos…ȝe may rede How þis peple…Were brouȝt…to destructioun.
- a1475 Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)8387 : Ye may noþing ȝeue outward But it haue firste ytake inward.
1c.
As subject of a verb or occas. an implied verb, with singular referent: you, thou;—occas. used derisively: (a) used for a king, queen, or other ruler;
(b) used for a master, an elder, or a social superior;
(c) used for a parent;
(d) used for God, Christ, or Mary, or for a pagan god;
(e) used by a wife for her husband; used by a woman for her beloved or for the object of her pursuit;
(f) used for a teacher or similar figure of moral, intellectual, or spiritual authority;
(g) used by a man (esp. a lover or suitor) for a lady, or a husband for a wife;
(h) used for someone of whom a favor is desired or from whom one has been received;
(i) used for an equal or as a politeness for a stranger;
(j) used for a social inferior, pupil or disciple, etc.; also with immediately following noun in apposition.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)979 : Sire, wel ȝe mouwen i-seo Þat [he] is…conteckor…In despijt of þe.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)2805 : Leuedi…Is non of us…Þat we ne wot þat aþelwold Was king…And ye his eyr.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)1341 : Sire emperour…ne be ȝe no so bolde.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2002 : Ful gladli, sire…ȝif ȝe no wold be wroþ whan ȝe þe soþe wist.
- c1390 RSicily (Vrn)115 : Lord, what wol ȝe þat i do?
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)343 : Wolde ȝe, worþilych lorde…Bid me boȝe fro þis benche?
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)106 : Madame, if ȝe had noght here bene, We sold have herd a selly case.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)57/77 : How it was hid, sal ȝe here; Sir, it bifell in þis manere, [etc.].
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)272/58 : My souerayne, assente to my sawes, As ye are gentill juger and justice of Jewes.
- (1472-3) RParl.6.33b : To the Kyng…of your grace especiall Y’ave graunted, [etc.].
- 1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)8/38 : Ye be a true kynge enoynted.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)291/357 : For ye thrett me so throle, were it sich thre here I gif you this gud.
- a1475 Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)52 : Sire…Of hem ȝe shullen ȝour counceil fond.
b
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)592 : Madame…for þat love þat ȝe love leliest here in erþe, seiȝth me al ȝour seknesse.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3238 : Sir…quat sal i do, þe mai þat ȝee wald haue, if sco Wil not hider com wit me?
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2110-11 : I say þe, as soþe as ȝe in sadel sitte, Com ȝe þere, ȝe be kylled.
- (1411) RParl.3.650b : My Lord the Roos…I will here excuse me as yhe will devyse.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)582 : Sir…with ful gude will Als ȝe byd, I sal fulfyll.
- (1444) Paston2.25 : My most worshipful maister…Certefie ye as many as ye will.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)548 : Yif that yee Wolde ought discure me youre woo, I wolde…Amende hyt.
- a1475 Friar & B.(Brog 2.1)p.49 : Welcom ȝe be!
- a1500(?c1400) Triam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)691 : Syr…what wott ye Of what strenkyth that y bee Or y be provyd in felde?
c
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2240 : But ge wið us senden beniamin.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)662 : Fader…Ful welcom er ȝe!
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)269 : Sire…he swor formest þat ȝe schuld have no harm.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)13155 : Moder…quakin thing Rede ye þat i ask þe king?
- c1400 St.Anne(1) (Min-U Z.822.N.81)1516-17 : Moder…or ȝe hythin gang…Ȝe gett þerof ynogh.
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)200 : Swete modir…What calle ȝee this wande?
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)46/112 : Fadyr…I wyl obey ful hertyly to all thyng þat ȝe bydde me.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)15 : Moder…be not dismayed, for ye shull neuer be Iuged to deth for my cause.
d
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)7362 : Lauerd…þat childs nam yee will me scau.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)23/26 : Lauerd, for yure pite ye gete vs fra sinne.
- c1450(c1386) Chaucer LGW Prol.(1) (Benson-Robinson)431 : Ye be a god and eke a kyng.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)359/120 : A yis, lady, inpossible to god nothyng trowe ye.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)1079 : O meke Jhesu…My modyr, Holy Chyrche…ye fyrst toke to yowr mercy.
- a1500 Prayer in Laudate (1935) (Tit C.19)38 : Lorde, ȝe arne the swetnes þat maden to seynt Laurence his peynes swete when he rosted on the gredyren.
e
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2419 : Sire…to do holli as ȝe han seide I hope be þe best.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4110-11 : Haue ye no mannes herte, and han a berd? Allas, and konne ye ben agast of sweuenys?
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.1088 : O deere housbonde…Fareth euery knyght thus with his wyf as ye?
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1237 : Ȝe ar welcum to my cors, Yowre awen won to wale.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)1509-10 : Sir…if ȝe com noght by þat day, My luf sal ȝe lose for ay.
- a1425 NHom.(3) Cec.(Hrl 4196)160/62 : Gude syr, luke ȝe ȝow noght greue.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)25/6,10 : Sere…Grawntyth me þat ȝe schal not komyn in my bed…to askyn no dett of matrimony aftyr þis day whyl ȝe leuyn.
- c1460 Dub.Abraham (Dub 432)88-9 : A, ye haue walkid ferre aboute! Howȝ haue ye fare whil ye haue be oute?
f
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)31/18 : Hwo is þat us muȝen sceawin ða gode ðe ȝe us behoteð?
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4541 : O Gaufred, deere maister souerayn…Why ne hadde I now thy sentence and thy loore, The Friday for to chide as diden ye?
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.590 : I wolde you beseche That ye me be som weie teche What is to ben an ypocrite.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)7385 : Sir…þat mai yee, Your word es commament to me.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)11.428 : Why ȝe wisse me þus…was for I rebuked resoun.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)154/193 : To mes, sir, moste ȝe gang.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)27/33 : A ser…ȝe schuld meynteyn Goddys seruawntys.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)24/37 : Here a man myȝt wondre…in lasse þan ȝe schulen cleer ȝoure silf.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)47 : Yowr wytt ys lytyll, yowr hede ys mekyll, ȝe are full of predycacyon.
- a1500 Wars Alex.(Dub 213)682 : What is þe planett or þe poynt yhe proposse to se?
g
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2341 : Lemman…I wold have al þe payne to mede ȝe were fro þis quarrere quitly aschaped.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1567 : Ye sleen me with youre eyen, Emelye.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1825,1830-31 : Evere…I wol that ye be my maistresse…what as evere that ye seie, Riht as ye wole, so wol I.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)10.146 : Mercy, madame, ȝowre man shal I worthe As longe as I lyue…Forto worche ȝowre wille…With þat ȝe kenne me kyndely to knowe what is dowel.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.2599 : Trewly ȝe, of alle þat bere life, In bewte han a prerogatyfe.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)9/458 : Lo, dere damysell, Will ȝe oght els vnto him tell?
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)24/15,16-17 : Margery…My…desyr is…þat ȝe schal pay my dettys er ȝe go to Iherusalem &…þat ȝe schal etyn & drynkyn wyth me on þe Fryday as ȝe wer wont to don.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)176/5279 : That ie not my simpilnes forsake.
- 1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)10/28 : That is trouthe…as ye say, for it was I myself that cam in the lykenesse.
- a1500 O fresch floure (RwlPoet 36)3 : O Fresch floure…fragrant as fedyrfoy…Me semyth by youre contenaunce ye be wondyr nyce.
h
- c1300 SLeg.Cross (LdMisc 108)537 : Louerd, merci…doth mid me ȝwat ȝe wollez.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)920 : Leue sire…Ful wel kan ich dishes swilen And don al þat ye euere wilen.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1453 : Sche schal weld at wille more gold þan ȝe silver.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4597 : Sire, if that I were as ye, [etc.].
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)6.126 : We haue no lymes to laboure with, lorde, y-graced be ȝe!
- (c1467) Paston (EETS)1.208 : Interly wilbeloued nevoue…I hertely pray yow þat ȝe will laboure vnto þe Kynges highnes.
i
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.1061 (2nd occurrence) : Ye, sire, and wol ye so?
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)835 : Þe lorde of þe lede…sayde, ‘Ȝe are welcum to welde as yow lykez Þat here is.’
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)4/8 : Syre knyȝt…ȝe weneþ þat Petre had no lordschip…but by…lawe y-write, But…þou schalt nouȝt denye þat Crist was Lord of alle þinges.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)84 : Ȝe be welcom newly into kent.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)2988 : Sir…yee may Passe…The fresh Roser forto see.
- a1450 Comment.Hilton LL (Hrl 2406)329/1 : Mi dere frende…Yhe desire þat I schulde expone to yhu þe letter.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)52/2-3 : Gentle Knyght…or ye ouercome me, ye muste doo moo dedes of armes then ye haue doon.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)53 : Why com ȝe hethyr, broþer?
- a1500 PFulham (Jas 43)117 : An other, The whyche that a man trustyth as hys brother…seyth…‘felow…j haue byrdes the fattyst that euer ye felte.’
- a1475 Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)267 : Wite ȝe, we sende ȝow to Oure book and oure clerke also.
j
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.965 : Sire hoost…I pray yow that ye kisse the pardoner, And pardoner, I pray thee, drawe thee neer.
- (c1467) Paston (EETS)1.209 : We…charge you þat from hensse furth ȝe laye off your hondes.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)152/19 : Ȝe mynstrell of myrth, blowe up a good blast.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)98 : The more knowynge of yowr selff passyble, Þe more veryly ȝe xall God knowe.
- a1500(?c1400) Triam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)695-6 : Tryamowre, syn ye wyll wynde, Ye schall wante no wede, For y schall lende þe all my gere.
2.
As vocative, with following noun or noun phrase in apposition, or occas. with following rel. clause or adj.: (a) addressing more than one person or thing: you; ~ alle (men;
(b) addressing an indefinite readership or audience: you;
(c) addressing an individual: you, thou.
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(?OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)23/30 : Eale ge leofe gebroðre, ne scule ge nateshwan eow forðæncen.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)19/30,31 : Gað aweiȝ fram me, ȝie iwerȝede…ȝie ðe nolden mine rad hlesten.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)69/10 : Wa ȝeu…ȝie riche menn.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)10277 : Ȝe wið inne, þenne beoð eou iwarre.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)198/11 : Guoþ, þe [Vices & V.(2): ȝe] acorsede, in-to þe uere of helle mid alle þe dyeulen þat you is y-diȝt uram þe giniiynge of þe wordle.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)48.1 : Ȝe al men, hereþ þes þynges.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.1.2 : Heereþ, ȝe heuenes, & with eris parceyue, þou erþe.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4599 : Ye proude cherles alle, A verray pestilence vp on yow falle.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)197/17 : O ȝe alle þat passen bi þe wei, takeþ hede.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.22 : O ye Herynes, Nyghtes doughtren thre, That endeles compleignen.
- a1450 Fasc.Mor.(Rwl C.670)Tag 26[30] 1 : A, ȝe men þat by me wendenn, Abydes a while and loke on me.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1777 : Fy on yow…everychon! Ye masty swyn, ye ydel wrechches!
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)986 : Ȝe Traces & of Tessaloyne, & ȝe þe trewe Grekis, How likis ȝow nowe ȝour lege lord?
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)46/27 : I praye ȝowe alle…Ȝe that hyerys and sees this vision, [etc.].
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)152/13 : Ȝe knyghtys so comely…to my paleys wyl I passe.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)173/12 : Ye champions of science and sapience…I councelle you that ye labour to gete science.
- a1500(?c1440) Lydg.HGS (Lnsd 699)397 : Ye Iugis, I hold it for the best.
b
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)106 : Ȝe þat arn hende, haldes ow stille.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)162 : Ȝe þat loven…to listen ani more…preieth a pater noster…for…Sir Humfray de Bowne.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.1533 : O yee that this beholde, Lo, hier lith sche, the which was holde…the flour of alle.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)5.57 : Ȝe þat seke seynte James and seintes of Rome, Seketh seynt treuthe.
c
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.964 : Ye sire hoost…I pray yow that ye kisse the pardoner.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1821 : O ye, my lyves hele, Sey what you list in my querele.
3.
In misc. senses: (a) as direct obj. of a verb, with plural referent: you; also, as indirect obj., with plural referent: you, to you [all exx. may represent the unstressed form of you pron.]; ~ alle;
(b) as obj. of a prep., with plural referent: you [some exx. may represent the unstressed form of you pron.]; ?also, as obj. of postposed prep., with singular referent [quot. a1500(?a1400)];
(c) the word ‘ye’;
(d) error for the pron.(2);
(e) error for we pron.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)86 (1st occurrence) : Y preie ȝe, seie ȝe to me, whanne among you is rise a strijf in…opiniouns…what iuge mai…be assigned…saue resoun.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)382/176 : If he nowe depriue vs of oure praye, We will ȝe witte whanne þei are wente.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)80 : I beschrew ye all!
b
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1562 : Þere nis man upon molde þat ever schal me have but ȝe, loveliche lemman.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.508 : Ne I desire no thyng for to haue Ne drede for to lese saue oonly ye [rime: be].
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.5 : The double sorwe of Troilus to tellen…My purpos is, er that I parte fro ye.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)1743 : My lord the kyng hath me hight That thou shalt wed me, sir knyght, The fforward ye to fulle ffyll.
- a1500 Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149)84 : We promyse you that neuyr man schal knowe of thys goode but ye and wee.
- a1475 Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)10884 : A man þat oweþ the anyþing, And he come in thi meting, Curtesly þou to him seie, Þat no man here but ȝe tweie.
c
- c1400 Dur-C.Treat.Syntax (Dur-C B.4.19)191/35 : How mony persons has þou? Sex…Thre in þe singulere and thre in þe plurele, as ‘I’ and ‘þow’ and ‘he’ in þe singulere and ‘we’ and ‘ȝe’ and ‘þay’ in þe plurele.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)538 : Ȝytynge, wythe wurchyp seyynge ‘ȝe’ and not ‘thow’: Vosacio.
- a1500 Prayer in Laudate (1935) (Tit C.19)38 : I haue writen in the spekyng to God for reuerence ‘ȝe’ and ‘youres’, And so I fynde in the frenche booke þat I wrote after, ‘vous’ and ‘votre’.
d
- c1460 Cursor (LdMisc 416)16408 : Pilat, dare ye [Trin-C, Göt, Vsp: þe] no-thyng drede.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Glo 42)724/7 : My dowȝter to þi wyfe wylle [I y]eve ye with goode wylle.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Glo 42)726/8 : Þer þou schallt fynde a noldeman…The wyche þat hathe pouer to hele ye of þi sekenes.
e
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)97/31 : We muge beon martires…gyf ge þa geðyld soðfæstlice on ure mode gehealdeð [L servamus] mid uren þan nextan.