Middle English Dictionary Entry
wọ̄s(e n.(2)
Entry Info
| Forms | wọ̄s(e n.(2) Also (N) woise, (17th cent.) wus, (early infl.) wosa(n & (error) wost. |
| Etymology | OE wōs |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) The expressed juice or sap of a plant, root, fruit, etc.;—often used medicinally; also, liquid extracted from animal dung used as a medicine; bark ~, an infusion of tan bark; celidoine ~, juice of the greater celandine; grene slo ~, juice of the unripe plum, verjuice; tanne (tanneres) ~, tanning liquor, used medicinally;
(b) exudate from a resinous tree; specif. pine resin [1st quot.].
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B)191/9 : Wið heafoðece ȝenim ðisse wyrte aizon mid rosan wosan þemenged.
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B)213/18 : Wið heafodsare do þat silfe mid rosan wosa & mid wætere wel…ȝemenged.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)15/11 : Nim wifes meolce…and cyleþena, id est celidonia-wos.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)15/28 : Nim þanne niwe assan tord and wrynge hit; nime ðanne þæt wos and smyreȝe þa eaȝen mid, and hym byð sone bet.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)43/14 : Nim curfettan wyrtruman and cnuca hy and wring þærof anes æȝessculle fulle þæs woses.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)908/4 : Humour is ywronge out of þe roote þerof, and none swete þinges may stryue wiþ þat woos and liquor.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)1317/17 : Oyle comeþ of trees and hony comeþ of floures and sither of fruyte and ale of corn and som wose comeþ of woode crabbes and of granates.
- ?a1400 *Albi Reynolds 5081 Recipes (Albi Reynolds 5081)f.20v : Tak a galone of tanwoos & do it ouer þe fier and let boyle in to þe thrid part and scomme it clene as it boylith.
- c1440 Thrn.Med.Bk.(Thrn)6/26 : Tak þe grene bowes of an asche…of hony an eg-schelfull…of þe woyse of þe pore leeke heued…& menge þam to-gedir…& lay þe on þe toþer syde at slepe.
- a1450 Diseases Women(2) (Sln 2463)84 : Menge turmentill, moleyne…and sethe all these in tanners wose.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(1) (Med-L 136)48/110 : Blode fallynge in to a mannys legges: Take myghty tanwost [read: tanwose]…wasshe the leggis with this water.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(1) (Med-L 136)302/992 : For to make aqua salutis…Tak a galon of tanne wose, [etc.].
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)9b : Barke duste or woyse: frunium, ptipsana.
- a1500 Tundale (Adv 19.3.1)1390 : All þe sowles þat he hente In hys hondes…He þrystede hem in sonder as men doose Grapys to þryste oute þe wose.
- a1500 MS Hrl.3388 in Cockayne Leechdoms3.345 : Acasia est succus prunellarum…greneslane wose.
- ?a1500 Henslow Recipes (Henslow)8/4 : Take blac mynte and wos of the rewe, of boþe y-lych moche and do hit in þe nostrell.
- c1600(c1350) Alex.Maced.(Grv 60)712 : Hee…laches…full lovely wortes; Hee grindes hem…and…wringes oute þe wet wus.
b
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)1017/11 : In ylondes of Germanye of þe pynapil tree comeþ droppynge and wose þat is made harde wiþ colde oþer with hete and tourneþ into a precious stoon that hatte electrum.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)1142/19 : Þey ordeigneþ honycombes…And pargetteþ þe roof of hire huyue wiþ woos and gumme al aboute.
2.
Any fluid or liquid substance;—used in fig. context.
Associated quotations
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)186/30 : Al ase þe oyle op arist ine þe lompe alle þe oþre woses, alsuo merci alle þe oþre uirtues.
3.
(a) Physiol. The substance produced by the action of digestive juices on food, the product of the first stage of digestion, chyle or chyme; ~ of the first digestioun;
(b) ?a broth or sauce; ?juice from roasting fowl.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)245/21 : Þe lyuour draweþ woos and iuse [L succum cibi] and turneþ it by hete into blood.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)246/7 : Þe lyuour drawiþ into his holouȝnes þe woos of þe firste digestioun [L succositatem prime digestionis] by certeyn veynes.
b
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)661 : A goos þey dyȝte to here dynere…And Thomas to þe spyte hym set, Fouk Doyly tempryd þe woos.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1500 Rwl.C.506 Artist.Recipes (Rwl C.506) 177/14,15 : To make whyȝt lynnyn cloþe or þrede blacke, take a galon of tanwos, and a pownde of gall and grynde hem into powdur and put it to þe tanwosse, and take þy lynyn cloþe..and cast þeryn.
Note: Additional quot., sense 1.(a). ?Modify 'tanning liquor, used medicinally' to include 'and in dyeing cloth'.
Note: New spelling (wosse).
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1400 Harv.lat.235 Artist.Recipes (Harv lat.235) 296/13 : Forto make blak þred. Take and ley þi thred or þi clod in tannerwose .iij. dayes.
- a1525 Sln.4 Recipes in Crafte Lymmyng (Sln 4) 330/29 : Put yt yn a tanners ose one day, and yt shal be as fyne a tawne colour as any nedyth.
Note: Additional quots., sense 1.(a).
Note: Need dates.
Note: New spelling (ose).