Middle English Dictionary Entry
whistle n.
Entry Info
Forms | whistle n. Also whistel(e, whistil(le, (in name) whisle & (early) wistle, wistel, wistil, uistille, vistle, quistle, hwistle & (errors) wiste, whisgle. |
Etymology | OE hwistle, wistle. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A pipe or pipelike object modified for use as a musical instrument or to produce a sound, a whistle; also, a nautical whistle for signaling; a pipe for an organ; fouleres ~, a whistle used as a birdcall, fowler’s whistle; walsingham ~, some kind of flute or whistle, perh. a souvenir from the shrine of Our Lady at Walsingham;
(b) the mouth and throat; weten ~, to wet one’s whistle, take an alcoholic drink; hire ~ was wel wet, her throat was well moistened, she was drunk;
(c) fig. one who speaks for another, a spokesperson;
(d) something of little or no value; setten a ~ bi, to set little store by (sth.);
(e) wode ~ [OE wōde-wistle], any of several hollow-stemmed plants, esp. hemlock (Conium maculatum) and cowbane (Cicuta virosa) [see also wode n.(2) 6a.(e)]; wode ~ sed;
(f) in surnames and place name [see Smith PNElem.1.273].
Associated quotations
a
- c1225(OE) Wor.Aelfric Gloss.(Wor F.174)539/24 : Musa: pipe, uel hwistle.
- (1412) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)7.233 : [A] whistell [of 7] spore de fesant [decked with gold worth 13 s. 4 d.].
- (1418-19) EEWills40/22 : He schel haue my best gowen of þe kynges liuere…and my golde rynge and my whystell.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)128/61 : And rayn þarfro cumand ful euyn And preue whistils war omang Made euyn like to angels sang.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)525 : Whystyl: Fistula, ossinaria, ossinium.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)5242 : Was neuere þe tayl gayere of a po, Wych þan enherytyd alle Argus eyne Whan Marcuryis whystyl hym dede streyne to hys deed slepe.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)139/3 : Þe schip-men ben in þe schip…a-swiþe as þei heren þe whistle of here maister gouernour.
- a1475 Gilb.Angl.(Wel 537)274/7 : Pimples and postems…in a man-is ȝerde…if þei be not wel y-helid…turnen into a canker, eiþir into a festre þat is holowe as a whistil eiþir a pipe.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)7.147 : This prince…toke a whistille [Trev.: pipe; L fistulam] of silvyr, with whom childer have delectacion to play, from a clerke in the courte.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)452 : I kan pype in a Walsyngham wystyll.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)150.4 : Louyd him in strengis…he settis for all instrumentis of musyke…orgyns…made as a toure of sere whistils.
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)55/55 : Lo! the bird is begyled with the mery voice of the foulers whistel.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)6051 : Bise was the buerne all the bare night To ordan for his Enmyes…With qwistlis, & qwes, & other qwaint gere.
b
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.4155 : As any iay she light was and iolyf, So was hir ioly whistle [vrr. whistele, whistel] wel ywet.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)119/103 : Had She oones Wett Hyr Whystyll, She couth Syng full clere Hyr pater noster.
c
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.2 : Joon was vois of Goddis word…and so Crist criede in desert bi Baptist þat was his whistle, siþ alle creatures ben instrumentis to Goddis word.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.240 : Of þes wordis þat God seiþ here bi Poul, whom God haþ made his whistil, it semeþ to many trewe men þat þer shulde be no sect but oon þat shulde be Cristis religioun.
d
- c1475 A philosophre (Hrl 372)p.27 : He…spared nat the man thouhe he were olde, For he set not by his wrethe a whistel, But wrot to hym this esuyng epistel.
e
- ?c1125(?OE) Dur-C.Gloss.(Dur-C Hunter 100)125(d) : Cicuta: heomlic uel vude vistle.
- a1300 Sln.146 Gloss.(Sln 146)296/216 : Cicuta: ang. wodewistle.
- a1300 Sln.146 Gloss.(Sln 146)296/234 : Comui [?read: Conium]: angl. wodewistle.
- a1300 Sln.146 Gloss.(Sln 146)297/279 : Comospermaton: ang. wodewistlesed.
- ?a1300 MS Lamb.342 in Hunt Plant Names (Lamb 342)20 : [Ameos Agreste:] wodeuistille.
- c1300 Add.15236 Gloss.(3) (Add 15236)123/44 : Ameos agreste: anglice, wodewistel vel kex, similis est fraxinarie.
- c1300 MS Sln.3550 in Hunt Plant Names (Sln 3550)20 : [Ameos Agreste:] wodequistle vel kex.
- a1400 Alphita (SeldArch B.35)8/8 : Ameos agreste, similis fraxinarie: anglice, wodewhisgle.
- a1500 MS Sln.962 in Hunt Plant Names (Sln 962)20 : [Ameos Agreste:] wodewiste, kex.
f
- (1236) Cart.St.John in OHS 66 ()420 : Adam Whistle.
- (1247) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames378 : William Wystle.
- (1297) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames378 : Richard Whistel.
- (1395-1419) EPNSoc.9 (Dev.) ()468 : Whyslewylle.
- -?-(1438) Reg.Freemen York in Sur.Soc.96153 : Johannes Whistiltirour.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Awaiting stencils: two additional quotes for 1.(c) from English Wycliffite Sermons, ed. A. Hudson. The first, out of v. III, p. 3 (Ferial Sermons) 123/42: "Ion was uoys of Goddis word..And so Crist criede in desert bi Baptist þat was his whistil, siþ alle creaturis ben instrumentis to Goddis word." The second, out of v. I, p. 502 (Sunday Epistles) E6/65 "Of þese wordis þat God seiþ here, bi Poul whom God haþ maad his whistle, it semeþ to many trewe men þat þer schulde be no secte but on, þat schulde be Cristus religioun." Ed. notes that "MED glosses as 'spokesperson', but 'proclaimer' would be a better translation." ?Insert variants, ?modify gloss.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. whistle.