Middle English Dictionary Entry
wē̆t n.
Entry Info
Forms | wē̆t n. Also wet(t)e, whet(e, (NEM) weit, (chiefly early or N) wat(e & (early) wæt(e, (infl.) wæten, wætan & wẹ̄te & (?error) what; pl. wetis & (early) wætes, wætun, (gen.) weten. |
Etymology | OE wǣt n. & wǣta, wǣte n. For forms in -ā̆- also cp. ME wē̆t adj. or ON (cp. OI vatn, OSwed. vatu-); some exx. with -ā̆- may be errors for ME wā̆ter n. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Water as a naturally occurring substance; water as a medium for preparing recipes, soaking, etc.; also, a fluid with properties similar to those of water;
(b) a naturally occurring body of water, a sea, river, spring, etc.; also, the water in a sea, spring, etc.; also fig. [1st quot.]; spurne ~, naut. a timber or raised channel at the edge of a deck to repel sea water;—?error for spurne-water [s.v. water n. 2d.(d)];
(c) any liquid prepared for drinking, drink; also fig.; also, a medicinal potion; also, poison [last quot.];
(d) holy water.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B)89/16 : Ȝenim þas wyrte…seod on wæte; þanne hit wearm si, ȝemeng eac þarto huniȝ.
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.MQuad.(Hrl 6258B)261/2 : Smure mid þan wætan þe druppe of healf sodene rammes lungene.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)5/24 : Nim winȝeardes sæt and gnid on wæte and leȝe uppan þat sar.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)33/4 : Ele…wile flotten ouer alle wætes, swa wile godes luue bien ouer alle oðre luuen.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)57 : Hise feðres fallen for ðe hete, & he dun mide to ðe wete Falleð in ðat welle grund.
- ?c1300 Gloss.Bibbesw.(Sln 809)106 : Wete [vrr. after frost, thowinge; glossing AF (Cmb): remoil].
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)787 : A Jewe…whan hem water fayled, Made wedes of wolle in wete for to plunge.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)537 : Sodeynly by weet constreynyd…to scape Eolus had no space.
b
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)145/7 : As seið þe salmiste…‘Þu makest…weallen to springen’; heorte to bollen & ihouen ase hul ne edhalt na wete [Tit: wette] of grace.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)10617 : Cheldric ouer þat wate [Otho: water] flæh mid fif-tene hundred cnihten.
- c1300 Horn (LdMisc 108)34/612 : He sey a schip rowe, Mid wat alby flowe.
- (1337-8) in Sandahl ME Sea Terms 195 : In meremio pro spurnewetis et Chestrewys ac j Retherpece.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2496 : Bitid a stund þai samen smate In a dale biside a wate [Göt: watir].
- a1450 PPl.B (Cmb Dd.1.17:Kane)18.244 : Wate [Ld: Peter…went on þe water].
- c1450 PPl.B (RwlPoet 38:Kane)6.323 : Wat [vr. what; Ld: Hunger…shal awake with water wastoures to chaste…famyn shal aryse].
c
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)19/19 : Ne æbyrigeð he wines drænc, ne nan þære wæten þe mæn of druncnigeð.
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.VA (Vsp D.14)17/30 : An is ‘Temperantia’…þæt man beo gemetegod, & to mycel ne þygge on æte & on wæte, ne ær time ne gereordie.
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B)35/19 : Wyrc þanne litle poslingas þarof, ete þanne ænne on hatum wætera & on wine tosomne, ȝeðicȝe þanne þæs wæte þreo full fulle.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)13/3 : Þe healsgun…becum oþer h[w]ylum an man, þur þa awergeda adle, and þam mannan swyðest, se on sara seocnesse cealdne wætan drincaþ.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)7852 : Himm birrþ lokenn himm full wel Fra luffsumm æte & wæte.
- a1225(OE) Lamb.Hom.VA (Lamb 487)101 : Alle ofer done þing denað and imetnesse is alre mihta moder þe oferlifa on hete and on wete macað þene mon un-halne.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)85/8 : Þe bere a deore licur, a deorewurðe wet, as basme is, in a feble uetles, [etc.].
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)9864 : Vt heo droȝen sone amppullen scone i-fulled mid attere, weten alre bitterest, six amppullen fulle.
d
- a1500(a1450) St.Robt.Knares.(Eg 3143)697 : He toke a strenkell…Wyth haly watter gayn and gode, And wyth a wanyng [read: wauyng] of þat wate, He gartt Sir Gerrard ga hys gate.
2.
(a) Moisture; wetness; something damp or moist; withouten ~, without being wetted, without a soaking;
(b) phys. & physiol. one of the four primary qualities, the quality derived from the element of water;—sometimes used in literary allusions to the four qualities.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)68/27 : Þe wælȝa rice…walde þa habban Laȝarum…mid his fingræ hure his tunga drypte…Ac him wæs þæs wætan forwyrnd.
- c1300 SLeg.Mich.(LdMisc 108)552 : Novþe nis þe druyȝe breth of eorþe neuere with-oute hete Idrawe up þat comez bi-fore, ne a-queint with-oute wete.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.1187 : Ye been right hoot, I se wel how ye swete; Haue here a clooth and wipe awey the wete.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)18547 : Þaa Iuus sau þis ilk man…Apon þe see wit-vten wete Gangand als apon a strete.
- c1400 Daniel *Herbal (Arun 42)f.73r : After dew & reyn wypen awey þe wette with handys or with clowt, and dryen þe botmes & þe places þer it stondyn, & settyn hem ageyne softe & esily for brusyng.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.3314 : Þe flood gan ageyn withdrawe…And Phebus eke with a feruent hete Hadde on þe soille dried vp þe wete.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)23/4 : Þe ryuer…Nilus…ouerflowez all þe land…þer falles oft sithes grete derth of corne…by cause of ouer mykill wete [Man.(1): moystness; F humiditee].
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)121/487 : Let no wete of water come on þe hole þer þe corn was inne.
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.Guy (LdMisc 683)253 : Whan silver deuh doth on the fflours ffleete Make thy passage…Or that the sonne…Hath on the levys dryed vp the weete.
- a1500(c1400) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)321 : Wyt þat worde þat he warpyd þe wete of eghen And teres trillyd adoun.
b
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)6/33 : Mæng þa blisse wið þa unrotnysse…for þan heora naðer ne mæig beon æltæwe buten oðren, þe ma þe wæt mæig beon buten drygen, oððe wearm buten cealden, oððe liht bute þeostren.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)13/18 : Þæt ys ærest, þæt ðæt sar becymþ on ða eaȝen mid mycelre hætan, hwilum hit cymð on mid wæten.
- c1300 SLeg.Mich.(LdMisc 108)668 : Man hath of eorþe al is bodi, and of watere he hauez wete.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)103/28-9 : Þe vertu immutatiua…makiþ þis changinge and turnynge by mene of þe foure first qualities, þat beþ hoot, coold, wete, and drye; By hot and wet he werchiþ þe softere substaunce.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)103/31 : By wete and coolde he worchiþ leuys in plauntis and here in bestes.
- ?c1450(a1388) Wallingford Exafrenon (Dgb 67)215 : Mars…yf he be in colde signis and in the quarter that is cold, the heete of hym may be mekile abatid and the drynes be turned in to wete, fore the losynge of heete.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)3623 : Aftir a man haþ in him moost Of weet or drie, hete or colde, His complexioun shal be tolde.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)3642 : If þe colde be maister ouere þe hete, And ouer þe drie also þe wete, Þe body wexeþ colde at nede And þe herte neisshe and ful of drede.
3.
Rain; a rainstorm, spell of rain; rainy weather, wet weather; in ~ and (in) drie, in all kinds of weather; for drie no ~, ne for no droughte ne for no ~, in no case, rain nor shine.
Associated quotations
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)123 : Hider he [man] cumeð…and þoleð…hwile druie and hwile wete…hwile hunger, wile þurst.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3537 : No was wonded for drie no wete Þat ir [read: in] lond eueri strete Was bihonged…Wiþ mani pal & riche cloþ.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3407 : He was out cast of mannes compaignye; With asses was his habitacioun And eet hey as a beest in weet and drye.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.15 : Þe redenesse þerof is wonder fyn and stable, and steyneþ neuere wiþ colde ne with hete, wiþ wete [Higd.(2): the iniury of reyne; L pluviarum injuria] ne wiþ drie.
- c1390(1377) Death Edw.III (Vrn)30 : Whyl Schip and Roþur to-geder was knit, Þei dredde nouþer tempest, druyȝe, nor wete.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)6365 : Moyses…þis wandes…hidd…In erth…Ne for na drught, ne for na wat [Göt: wate; Trin-C: wete], Changed neuer þai þare state.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)6.18 : I haue walkid wel wide in wet & in driȝe.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)17.322 : If his hous be vnhiled and reyne on his bedde, He seketh…til he slepe drye; And whan smoke & smolder smyt in his syȝte, It doth hym worse þan his wyf or wete [C: whete] to slepe.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)1439 : Þe wedirs chaunges and þe sesons…For now es cald, now es hete; Now es dry, and now es wete.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)2.35 : Ofte hit faileth So wete or hete in flouring hit assayleth.
- a1450 Serm.Pater N.(Cmb Dd.11.89)317 : Ȝif he vseth his maistrye Of hete, of chele, of whet, of dreye, and hit leste a monþe or two, vs þinketh þe world is al for do.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)217/23 : On þe day at he was berid on, þer fell suche a wete and a rayn þat ij dayes after þai mott nott berie hym.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)44/35 : Al-myghty god…made both drye and wete, Shynyng sunne and scharpe schoure.
- c1475 Rwl.Prov.(Rwl D.328)p.123 : After dry comyth wete & after wete comyth dry.
- c1425 Wycl.Antichr.(2) (Dub 245)p.126 : Crist ȝed on hise feet…to teche…þe peple in colde & in hete & in weete & in driȝe.
- a1500(?a1450) Treat.Garden.(Trin-C O.9.38)6 : Ho so wyl a gardener be Here he may…hyre & se…Yn what maner he schall delue & sette, Bothe yn drowthe and yn wette.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)100/4 : Here is mekyll vnceyll, and long has it last, Now in hart, now in heyll, now in weytt, now in blast, Now in care.
- ?a1500 Inf.Chr.(Hrl 2399)94 : Þys londe ys so drye, For fawt of wete.
4.
Any of several bodily fluids: a humor; the humor phlegm; blood; also fig.; also, saliva, spittle.
Associated quotations
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B)137/15 : Wið wæterseocnysse, nim þisse wyrte…Eac binnan healfan ȝeare ealne þane wæten ut atihð.
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B)165/9 : Wið ȝegaderunga þas yfelen wæte of þan lichama, nim þa wyrt þæt man semperuiua nemneð.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)3/18,19 : Plato and Aristotiles…ȝesæddun þæt feower wætun syndon on þan manniscen lichama…þat ys þa wæte on þan heafode and þæt blod on þara breosta and se ruwa ȝealla on þan innoþe and se swerta ȝealle innan ðare blædran.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)21/2,5 : Oft of þan heuede se wyrsta wate [?read: wæte] cumþ to þan toþan…ealswa þa ufe wæte of þan heafod fylþ uppan þa teþ…þat þa teþ þoliȝean ne mæȝe ne hæte ne ceald.
- c1225(OE) Wor.Aelfric Gloss.(Wor F.174)542/34 : Humor: wæte.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)40/6 : Þe tunge is slubbri, for ha wadeð i wete.
- a1250 Orison Lord (Lamb 487)187 : Hwa is þenne unwaschen þe haueþ þis halwende wet inwið his heorte.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)8/80 : Sche froted hir honden and hir fet, & crached hir visage: it bled wete.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)1335/26 : Moche wete and moysture And rennynge is yfounde in þe mawe of a soukinge beste.
- a1400(?a1325) Bonav.Medit.(1) (Hrl 1701)506 : With wete and eke dung þey hym defoule.
- c1440 HBk.GDei (Thrn)34/2 : Þe tung es sleper, for it wades in wate & glyddes lyghtly furthe fra faa wordes to many.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)1022 : Beryn…smote þe Damesell vndir þe ere, þe weet gon vpward spyn.