Middle English Dictionary Entry
wẹ̄de n.(2)
Entry Info
Forms | wẹ̄de n.(2) Also wẹ̄̆d, vede, (SW) weode, (early) wehit & wēde, (early) wæde & (?error) wete; pl. wedes, etc. & wede(n, weddis & (early) wæde(n, (SW) weaden. |
Etymology | OE wǣd, (Nhb.) wēd & wǣde, (Nhb.) wœ̄de. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. iwede n.
1.
(a) A garment, an article of clothing; also, coll. & pl. clothes, apparel, attire; also fig. & in fig. context; ~ brech [cp. OE wǣd-brēc], some kind of covering for the loins; cloth ~; hali-dai wedes, festive garments; in on ~, in the same kind of clothing, in one and the same manner of dress;
(b) usu. coll. or pl. clothing indicative of a particular affiliation, status, or sex; a religious habit, religious garb; mannes (palmeres, pilgrimes, etc.) ~; religious ~, the garb of a religious; widwe wede(s, widow’s weeds, mourning garments;
(c) an article of protective clothing or battle apparel; a coat of mail; a piece of armor; ?also, a royal symbol or token [quot. 1415]; coll. & pl. armor, battle gear; here wedes [cp. OE here-wǣd], armor; iren (stele) wede(s, irnen (stelen) ~, armor of iron (steel), coats of mail;
(d) a cloth used as a covering, a seat or floor covering, cushion; also, coll. cloth coverings, bedclothes, swaddling clothes;
(e) fig. a covering, cover; the covering of the flesh; also, guise, aspect, appearance; under ~, in a disguise, covertly, secretly;—freq. used coll.; under oure ~, in our likeness;
(f) coll. & pl. with diminished force in generalizing phrases, often used for alliteration or as mere rime tag: in (under) wede(s, in clothing; in the world;
(g) anat. a membranous covering or envelope (for the brain).
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)57/28 : Þu wefst, & wæden teolest.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)3677 : He wollde shridenn uss Wiþþ heofennlike wæde.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)95 : No man þe sineged haueð ne mai, wiðuten þus wedes, holi husel underfon.
- c1225(OE) Wor.Aelfric Gloss.(Wor F.174)547/23 : Perizomata, uel campestria: wædbrec.
- c1225 Body & S.(2) (Wor F.174)65/9 : Hwar beoþ nu þine wæde, þe þ[u] wel lufedest?
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)155/16 : Þis wes bitacnet þurh þet dauið [Nero: iudit] schrudde hire mid halidahne weden [Nero: weaden].
- a1275 On hire is al (Trin-C B.14.39)24 : Ylouid ic abbe gomin and gle and heuir fayre wedin.
- a1275 *St.Marg.(2) (Trin-C B.14.39)107 : Ciclatoun ant purpel pal scaltou haue to wede.
- c1275 Þene latemeste dai (Clg A.9)14 : Nolde ich ȝeuen enne peni for his weden alle.
- a1300 I-hereþ nv one (Jes-O 29)315 : Þis iherde kayphas his weden he to-brek.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)61/1052 : We schulle chaungi wede: Haue her cloþes myne, & tak me þi sclauyne.
- a1325 SLeg.(Corp-C 145)140/113 : Heo…longed after mete & drinke and eke after weode.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)653 : He no trowed it neuer in lede…Þat he wered swiche awede.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2417 : Wiȝtly in oure owne wedes wende we hennes.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)6798 : If þat þou, quen þou art wrath, O pur man tas wedd o clath, Yeil [Göt: ȝeld] a-gain þat clath, i sai, Ar sun ga dun þat ilk dai.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1071 : He greiþes hym in riche weden, And dooþ drawen a-londe his steden.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)15.220 : I haue seyne charite also…Ryden and rennen in ragged wedes.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.2446 : Pirrus…With-oute a-bood chaunge gan his wete [?read: wede].
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ex.22.26 : If thow takist of thi neiȝbore a clooth wed [L vestimentum], before the goynge down of the sunne thow shalt ȝeeld it to hym.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.1431 : O blake nyght…That shapen art by God this world to hide At certeyn tymes wyth thi derke wede.
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)1253 : Blody are his wede, And so es his riche stede.
- c1450(a1449) Lydg.Ballade ROL (Sln 1212)49 : This mantel of myserycord on oure myschef spred, And or woo awak us, wrappe us undyr thi weed.
- a1450(1414) Whanne alle a kyngdom (Dgb 102)30 : Eche ȝeer newe lawe is wrouȝt, And cloþe falsed in trouþe wede.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)2169 : His awn wedes scho sal lay doun And take cloths of religioun.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)152/12 : I am wrappyd in a wurthy wede.
- c1450(a1375) Octav.(2) (Clg A.2)1296 : Þe manteles he let to þe halle bryng And swor þat þer nas old ne yng Þat ne schold haue led For hys scotte euery ferdyng Or lor hys wed.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.52 : He…clothyȝt…flourys vpon erthe in craftely wede so fayre and bryght.
- a1500(1439) Lydg.Sts.AA (Lnsd 699)1427 : Thei…fro the cros bad hym don descende…al blody was his weede, Lik a meke lamb, offred in sacryfise.
- a1500 Octav.(1) (Cmb Ff.2.38)110/624 : Full well y schall hym fede And kepe hym wyth my chylde…And clothe them yn oon wede.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)377 : A smokke was her wede, garnysshyd curyously.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)5870 : His wedis wex wete of his wan teris.
b
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)3447 : Hii sende hor felle messagers in pouere manne wede.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)1721 : Gij seye a man of rewly ble Go in pilgrims wede.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)547 : Nimen ichulle þe þralles weden.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)2343 : Seþyn toke þe knyȝt palmers wede.
- c1400 *Trev.Higd.(Tbr D.7)220a : He…touk monk hys wede [Higd.(2): habite; L monachalia] at floracensis.
- a1425 Ordin.Nuns(1) (Lnsd 378)141/11 : Þai sall aray hir in þat wede þat sho sall vse þe first ȝere to sho be profest.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)1338 : If ane so for wikkid dede Leue hir abbay & hir wede…And sine wold turn þe hows vntil…sche sal…profer hir-self to suffer payne.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)1081 : Hyr wedow wedes scho layd away.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)16827 : He sall be cled in kynges wede.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)17707 : Furth sho weryd hyr wedow wede bot in souerane sesons of þe ȝere.
- c1450 Lond.Chron.Cleo.(Cleo C.4)129 : Sche eschapede thens in a mannys weeds.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)962/27 : He overtoke a man clothed in a religious wede.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)3.118 : That were a lord of lond þat lawe hathe in honde, Þat to lyghtliche leueth or lewte apere Þe tale of a trifflour in turmentours wede That neuere reed good rewle ne resons bookis!
- a1500(?c1400) EToulouse (Cmb Ff.2.38)1051 : Let dyght me in monkys wede.
c
- a1275 Louerd asse þu ard (Trin-C B.14.39)25 : Heire þenne lucifer hedde wehit oþer toon [read: overtoon]; Niþe & honde & prude in is herte he nom.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)11864 : Þe king mid his weden leop on his stede.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)12842 : Forte hit was day-liht, hii lihte of hire stedes and rihte hire wedes [Clg: i-weden].
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)89/1727 : He armede him in yrene wede.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)3535 : Was non so stif stelen wede þat withstod his wepen.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)7545 : Nauþer Iren ne stile wede may saue þe werk of wrange dede.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)4118 : No kniȝth ne roode þoo wiþouten stede, Ne wiþouten yrnen wede.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)831 : Alle hasped in his heȝ wede, to halle þay hym wonnen.
- (1415) in Rymer's Foedera (1709-10)9.300 : Havyng wyth the Erle a Baner of the Armes of Ynglond, havyng also the Coroune of Speyne on a Palet, wych, my Lege Lord, is one of ȝowre Weddys.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)3994 : Thei…drow out horses and stedes And here strong Iren wedes.
- c1425 Siege Jerus.(1) (Hnt HM 128)522 : Vndur steel wedes [vr. stele aray; Ld: Stedis stampen in þe felde, stif steil vnder].
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)422 : Was noȝt, while þe nyȝt laste, bot nehyng of stedis, Strogelyng in stele wede & stuffyng of helmes.
- c1450(?a1400) Roland & O.(Add 31042)1361 : Þer myghte no wapen his wedys ryfe, So Sauely was He dighte.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1010 : Sire, all þe ȝeris of oure ȝouthe es ȝare syne passid And we for-trauailid & terid…Al to heuy to be hildid in any here-wedis.
- c1475(c1420) Page SRouen (Eg 1995)p.42 : There was neynge of many a steede, There was shewynge of many a wede.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)1482 : Gwylyon…armed hym wel, In ful noble wede of yron and of steel.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)778 : Launcelot…Armyd hym in a noble wede.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1238 : The Duke had dyed of þe dynt…But the souerayn…was surly enarmyt, And the kyng with the caupe caste to þe ground, With a warchand wounde thurgh his wedis all.
d
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)8171 : All þatt wæde þatt tær wass Uppo þe bære fundenn, All wass itt off þe bettste pall.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.830 : As for hail as [read: a] russet weede [L panno] is To kest vpon the querne.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1209 : Whanne ȝe be in bedde boþe, Wappyd wel in worthy wede, Þanne I, Slawthe, wyl be wrothe.
- c1450 Ihesus þat sprong (Lamb 853)18 : Ihesu! þou were in cradil knyt, In wede wrappid boþe day & nyȝt, In bethleem born.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)372 : He…led hom furthe lyuely into a large halle…And þan sylen to sitte vppon silke wedis.
e
- c1225 Body & S.(2) (Wor F.174)73/10 : Þu scalt rotien and brostnian, þine bon beoþ bedæled [of þ]ære wæde þe heo weren to iwunede.
- a1350 Middelerd for mon (Hrl 2253)10 : Þis wrakeful werkes vnder wede in soule soteleþ sone.
- c1390(c1350) NHom.(2) PSanct.(Vrn)111/119 : He com here in fleschly wede þe fend to beo-gyle in dede.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)657 : God…from heuene dude alihte, And vnder vre wede vre kynde nom.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.6209 : Sche flih before his yhe a Crowe…To kepe hire maidenhede whit Under the wede of fethers blake.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6359 : Wel can I were me vndir wede; Vnlyk is my word to my dede.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)8.2862 : Whan Fortune makth best cheere And falsli smylith in hir double weede…than is she most to dreede.
- a1450(1419) Loke how Flaundres (Dgb 102)120 : Of all folk vppon fold, y fynde but foure trewe Þat don here deuere dewely and take no mede: Syknes…and sorw…deþ and…drede…spare prynce ne pore…For þey crepe in-to his cors, and cloþe hem in his wede.
- c1475-c1500 Looke well (Skeat)26 : Hir galle is hid under a sugred wede.
f
- ?c1335 Earth(1) (Hrl 913)2/13 : Erþ geþ on erþ wrikkend in weden.
- a1350 Ichot a burde in a (Hrl 2253)43 : He is…trewe ase Tegeu in tour, ase Wyrwein in wede.
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)138 : Ouer al þe lond þan were þai priis, & worþliest in wede.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)585 : Þat was a digne damisele…ful derworþ in wede.
- c1390 Susan.(Vrn)186 : Senden aftur Susan…wlankest in wedes.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Th.(Manly-Rickert)B.2107 : Hym self drank water of the well As dide the knyght sire Percyuell So worthy vnder wede.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)32/37 : Iohn of Coupland, a wight man in wede, Talked to Dauid and kend him his crede.
- c1440 Degrev.(Thrn)236 : Now to armes þay þam dighte…many worthily wyghte, I-wysse vndir wedis.
- c1440 Degrev.(Thrn)1908 : Ten childir scho hym bere, Worthily in wede.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)236/93 : So wilsom wightis as we Was neuere in worlde walkand in wede.
- c1450 Earth(3) (Cmb Ii.4.9)33/41 : For erth gos in erth walkand in vede.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)33 : Dyscenys wase her name, Worthyest in wede.
- c1450(c1400) Emare (Clg A.2)250 : Then sayde þat wordy vnþur wede, ‘Nay, syr, God of heuen hyt for-bede.’
g
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)174/15,23 : To defende þe brayn tweye wedes [L panni] ben nedeful þat ben iclepid þe modres of þe brayn…Þe seconde wede and skyn hatte pia mater.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. weed.