Middle English Dictionary Entry
valei(e n.
Entry Info
Forms | valei(e n. Also valeiȝe, vallei(e, val(l)ẹ̄, valai(e, vali, valowe, vailie, faleie, walei, wallai, wali(e & (error) valeize; pl. valei(e)s & (?errors) aleies, aleys, (error) aleyes. |
Etymology | OF valee, AF valé, valei(e, valai(e; cp. L vallēs, AL valeia, valeium. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. vale n.
1a.
(a) A defined area, often long and narrow, of lower elevation than the surrounding terrain, sometimes bisected by a stream or river, a dale, valley, ravine, etc.;
(b) a valley conceived as a pleasant, comfortable area, place of refuge, haven, etc.; also, a secluded spot, hidden place [1st quot.]; dep (grene, fair, plaine, wodi, etc.) ~;
(c) a valley conceived as an impassable region or an obstacle to travelers; also, ?an inescapable gorge or a crevasse [last quot.];
(d) a valley as a place of battle; also, an open area where armies meet, a battlefield;
(e) mistransl. of It. vallo rampart [2nd quot.]; middel ~, ?an intervening valley; ?a space [translating L intervallum].
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Edm.Abp.(Hrl 2277)187 : Seint Edmund & his felawe…wende to Abyndone; As hi come in a gret faleye [Ld: ualeiȝe], blake monekes he seȝ.
- c1300 SLeg.Patr.(LdMisc 108)190 : Bi a brod valeie heo torneden heom and southward gonne i-wende.
- c1330 Degare (Auch)338 : Child Degarre wente his wai…No man he ne herd…Til hit was non ipassed heȝ; Þanne he herde a noise kete In o valai, an dintes grete.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Jer.48.8 : No cheef cite shal ben saued, & pershen shul valeis.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.1013 : On the Mont of Parasie He hadde of bestes the baillie, And ek benethe in the valleie, Wher thilke rivere…Which Ladon hihte, made his cours, He was the chief of governours.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)718/10 : A valeye is londe ysette bitwene mounteynes…And a valeye fongeþ and bereþ water þat comeþ of stremes of welles.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2145 : Ryde me doun þis ilk rake, bi ȝon rokke syde, Til þou be broȝt to þe boþem of þe brem valay.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.950 : Next the valeye [vr. valy] is the hil o-lofte, And next the derke nyght the glade morwe, And also joie is next the fyn of sorwe.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)68a : Vallus: a valey [Pepys: a Walye and a dale].
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)32/15 : Fra…þe mount of Moyses…men gase ower a grete valay till anoþer grete mount.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)105/6 : Eccho made an ende, but hir voice remayneth…and yit it answerith to peopill in valeis.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)155 : This messager tok leve and wente…Til he com to the derke valeye That stant betwixe roches tweye.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)132b : A Valay or A Dale: vallis.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)162/29 : Wyne of qwyche þe grape is browght forth on an hylle ayens þe sonne…is of mor drye natur þan þat qwyche growyth in lowe valeys and moyst and pleyn placys.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.59 : As the hous þat staant heye on hille is in more tempest þan the hous in the valeye, so meen of heye dygnete…been in most dred.
- a1500 Hal.Gloss.(Eg 829)6 : Vallis: a waley.
- 1543(1464) Hardyng Chron.B (Grafton)p.127 : But euer as next the valey is the hill, After long rest commeth sharpe labour.
b
- c1300 SLeg.Kenelm (LdMisc 108)174 : He ladde him into a priue stude al out of þe weiȝe, bi-twene…hulles heiȝe, into a deop ualeie.
- a1325 SLeg.Blase (Corp-C 145)6 : He flei out of londe To a deop valeize [read: valeiȝe; Ld: valeye] of wildernesse.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)1527 : Þis more rede dragoun Drof þis white fer adoun Til þai com into o valaye, And þer þai gun to rest baye.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Num.24.6 : How faire þy tabernaclis Iacob & þy tentys Irael; as wody valeys & as watri gardeynys bysides þe flodys.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)SSol.6.10 : I wente doun in to my gardyn þat I shulde seen þe applis of aleys [vrr. valeyes, aleies; WB(2): grete valeis; L convallium] & beholden if þe vynes hadden floured.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)76/27 : Fra þeine þay went xxv days and come in-till a grene valay.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)878/4 : They rode two myle and com to a fayre valey before an ermytayge.
- a1475 Mourn.Hare (Brog 2.1)10 : Frov dale to doune I am I-drevfe…I may noþer rest nor slepe By no wallay þat is so derne.
- a1500(1465) Leversedge Vision (Add 34193)112/109 : My good awngelle…ledinge my seyd sowle thorowgh a strayt darke place and brynging my sawle into a grett playn valey.
c
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Bar.5.7 : Forsoth God ordeynyde for to meek eche heeȝ hill…for to fulfille the euen valeys in to the euenesse of erthe.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 3.5 : Ech valey schal be fulfillid, and ech mountayn and litil hil schal be maad louȝ.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)2202-4 : The mountaines departid hem anone And a depe valeie þere was ful sone, And anone the Gewes alle Into þat valeie thei gonne falle.
d
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)1277 : Þo he com nei kaunterburi In a valeie biside, He sei þe emperours ost sprad aboute wide.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.3699 : This Gedeon…Be nyhte tok toward thilke host, Which logged was in a valleie.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)5303 : He prekyd away ouer the valowe As swyfft as any swalowe.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)5106 : Hym ffolewyd many an ynglyssche knyȝt, þat egyrly halp hym for to ffyȝt…Tyl valeys runnen al on bloode.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)188/1101c : Grete slauter was made on eueri syde Of hors, of men, in þe feldys wyde; The valeys ron on blode.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)128 : Thei mette to-geder in a valey, and Vlfyn lete renne to hym that com a-gein hym.
e
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Kings 26.13 : Whan dauyd…stood in þe cop of þe hill fro a-ferr & þer was a gret myddel valei [WB(2): space; L intervallum] betwen þem, dauyd criede to þe puple & to abner þe sone of Ner.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.67 : This Troilus…rood and did hire companye, Passyng al the valeye [vr. valley] fer withoute.
1b.
In generalizing phrases: valeies and plaines, mountaines and valeies, nou mountaines nou valeies, high places and low, every single place, everywhere; on) hille ne ~, dounes ne valeies, in) neither high place nor low, in) not a single place, nowhere; over valeis and hilles, over the dounes and the valeies, over mountaines and over valeies, here, there, and everywhere, all over.
Associated quotations
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)3876 : Now is Gij in þe riȝt way…Smerteliche he dede him in þe ways, Ouer þe dounes & þe valeys.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)1007 : Now chacieþ þay þe Sarseneys…Ouer mountayns & ouer valeys.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)3819 : Rychard hym prykeþ on ys way, Ne spareþ he hulle ne valay.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)3856 : To renne an c myle on my fete, Ne schal noman y-se me swete, On hulle ne in valay.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.43 : Messangeres…wel i-tauȝt in þe practike of gemetrie…were rediliche i-sent into euery londe…for þey schulde mete and discreue…londe and water, woodes and landes, valeies and pleynes, downes and hulles…and euery place where eny man myȝt goo.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)6.2 : Þere was fewe men so wys þat þe þei [read: wei] þider couþe, But blustrid forþ as bestis ouer valeis & hilles.
- a1425(c1384) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ezek.32.6 : Mounteyns and valeis shulen be fulfillid of thee.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)899 : Y adoun gan loken thoo, And beheld…now mountaynes, Now valeyes.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)151/20 : His hoste was so grete that it couered mountaynes and valeys.
- c1475 Guy(1) (Cai 107/176)2320 : Downes ne valeis they spared noon, Till they come before the Citee.
2.
In phrases denoting specific valleys:
(a) ~ of ebron (josaphat, jordan), etc.; ~ of tabernacles (the visioun);
(b) ~ of enchauntement; ~ perilous, develes ~.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Cross (LdMisc 108)148 : Gret hope hadde Adam…Ase he in þe ualeye of Ebron leouede with teoue and wo.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)59.6 : God spak in his halwe, Y shal delyten, and y shal departen driehede, and y shal meten þe ualaie of tabernacles.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.22.1 : Þe charge of þe valei of þe viseoun.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)20694 : Ga forth, petre, now be-forn, All þin fers gang wit þe, In iosaphat to þat valee [Göt: valle], And biris hir þar son onan.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)7018 : In þe valey of Jordon Hij founden addren, many on.
- a1425 Wycl.MCh.(Bod 788)405 : Of þe dai of dome…It is seid…þat Crist shal come doun…And here men douten…wheþer þat Crist shal come into þe valey of Josaphath or into oþir place.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)1107 : Fro Betheleme who so yede or come Vnto the valeie of Ebrone Beth v leukis longe and fyne; The foure patriarkis þere thei lyne…And with hem liggeth her foure wifis.
b
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)139/21 : Oure oþer felawes þat wald noȝt passe þe Valay Perillous went aboute by anoþer way for to mete vs.
- a1450 Mandev.(3) (BodeMus 116)103/31-2 : Ther is a valey betwyn too hillis…And some men callen it the Valey of Enchuntement, and some the Deuyllis Valey, and some the Vale Perlious.
3.
Fig. and in fig. contexts:
(a) the (this) ~ of teres, the ~ of wepinge and morninge, the earth, earthly life, etc. as a place or period of tribulation, trials, sorrow, etc.;
(b) the nether world; the pit of hell, Hades; also, the approach to the underworld [2nd quot.]; ~ of derknesse (helle);
(c) lilie of the valeies, lily of the valley;—used as a symbol of Christ and of persons in the religious life;
(d) depths, profundity; used in phrases: ~ of meknesse, a state of humiliation, humility; ~ of nouȝtines, depths of annihilation, nothingness; ~ of ouen knouleche, self-knowledge as opposed to higher knowledge or union with the divine; ~ of this restles minde, a state of depression, discontent or unease in mind or spirit.
Associated quotations
a
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)83.6 : Blisced be þe man of whom þe help is of þe; he ordeined steiȝenge in his hert, in þe valei of teres, in þe stede þat he sett.
- a1400 Matin Our Lady in MLN 30 (Ashm 1288)231 : Heil qweene modir of merci…to þee we siȝen weymentynge and wepinge in þis valey of teeris.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)23/15 : Who so serueþ god best in þis valei of teres, lord, in þi holi mounteyn he schal sitten heiȝest.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.FCLife (Corp-C 296)192 : We ben in perilous baitale, & in þe valeye of wepynge & mornynge.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)160/6 : Þerfore is þe world y-cleped þe valeie of teeres, for þer may no man lyue in þis world wiþ-oute teeres.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)92/25 : In þis valey of teres þere comeþ many euell þinges.
b
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)13/22 : Minos…is a iusticer of helle…and a-fore him is broughte alle thoo descending in-to that valeye [vr. vaylie].
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)85/19 : Orpheus took his harpe and wente to þe ȝatis of helle in þe derke valey [vr. waly] afore the helly paleis.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)43.104 : This dirke valey and this depe…sygnefieth…the valey Of helle.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)4444 : The swete venym of his tonge gydeth His lord vnto þe valeie of dirknesse.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)17447 : The prynce Sathanas…my fader was; And in that Valey Infernal I was begete.
c
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)SSol.2.1 : I þe flour of þe feeld & þe lelie of aleyes [vr. alle valeys; WB(2): grete valeis; L convallium].
- c1400 Bk.Mother (LdMisc 210)11/14 : Gods Sone…syngeþ his song…‘I lylye of þe valeys,’ þat is most white, chast loue.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (LdMisc 210)11/16 : With þis floure þe bed most be strawed, not onely of þe religious tokned bi þe lilye of þe valeis, bot also of actyue men.
d
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)232/14 : For euer þei turne aȝein to þe valeye of her owne knowleche, and ȝit lette þei not þe vnyoun ne þe hiȝnesse þat þei han in me.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)344/4 : Þe moore sche was þrowe doun þus into þe valey of mekenes, þe moore sche was exaltid in my siȝt.
- c1450 In a valey (Lamb 853)1 : In a valey of þis restles mynde I souȝte…a trewe loue for to fynde.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)76/10 : Al maner estimacion…shal be drouned in þe valey of my nouȝtines [L valle nihileitatis meae].
4.
(a) ?A crevice; ?an irregularity of surface, a depression;
(b) a trench, ditch; also, the depression between ridges made by a plow.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Lev.14.37 : Whenne he seeþ in þe wallys of hit as litul valeys [WB(2) vr. creueysis; L valliculas] deformed wiþ paalnes or wiþ reednes…he shal go out of þe dore of þe hous & anoon he shal close hit seuene dayȝes.
b
- a1500 Bollard Grafting (Sln 686)32 : Yf þou wilt kepe late set plantes…make a depe valey þer about…þat water abide not and frese about þe rote.
- a1500 Henley Husb.(Sln 686)47 : At sowing off your seede, lay your lande narowe inowghe togeder so þat your sede may fall evynly on your lande, for…yeff ye lay your lande wyde asonder…þe harowe shall caste þe corne in þe hoolis & valeis þt betwixt þe gatas off þe ploughe.
5.
In surnames and as place name.
Associated quotations
- (1199) CRR(1) 1435 : Radulphus de la Valeie.
- (1346) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames361 : Richard atte Valeye.
- (1451) EPNSoc.19 (Cmb.)348 : Le Valey.