Middle English Dictionary Entry
ūnicorn(e n.
Entry Info
Forms | ūnicorn(e n. Also unikorn, (errors) unyncorn, uicorne; pl. unicornes, unicornus. |
Etymology | OF unicorne, unicorn & L ūnicornuus, ūnicornis, ML ūnicornus. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A fabulous single-horned animal to which was generally attributed a fierce disposition and certain magical abilities; any one-horned, or apparently one-horned, animal, esp. the rhinoceros; also in fig. context;
(b) fig. the wrath of God, represented as a beast tamed by a virgin; also, Christ;
(c) a stylized unicorn used for ornament; also used in heraldry; ~ hed;
(d) in metaphors and similes; also as a type or symbol of wrath [quot. c1230, 2nd];
(e) ~ horn, unicornes horn (bon), a precious material believed taken from the horn of a unicorn, prob. ivory from a narwhale, often inlaid in drinking vessels as protection against poisoning.
Associated quotations
a
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)28.6 : He shal littelen hem as folk of Liban, and loued as cautel of vnicornus [vr. vnicorns].
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Num.23.22 : Þe lord god haþ lad hym out of Egipt whos strengþe ys lyke to an vnyncorn [read: vnycorn; L rhinocerotis].
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)700/24 : Þat is þe rynocerota, þat is þe vnicorne, a beste wiþ oone horne.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)1240/34,1241/5 : Monoceron is an vnycorne and is most cruel beste and haþ þat name for he haþ in þe myddil of þe forheed an horne of foure foote longe…þe vnycorne is so stronge þat he is nouȝt ytake with might of hunters.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)6700 : Ȝut þou shalt habbe sex hundreþ rinoceros…And two hundreþ vnicornes.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)42a/b : Monosseros: an vnicorne.
- c1450 When the son (Frf 16)143 : I myght speke of a parke of bestys with horn—Thantelope, reynder, and vnicorn—Iclosed with marble xxti myle a boute.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)14720 : Herdestow neuere…Tellyn how the vnycorn…fforgeteth al hys cruelte, And no maner harm ne doth, Whan that he be-halt…Hys owne hed?
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)134a : Vnicorne: Egloceros, Capricornus…rinoceros, vnicornus.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)55/1989 : Al þei þat seruen such a wykked and cursed lorde and withdrawe hem fro God…Y lykne hem to a man þat fleeth ferre fro a wode vnycorne.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)21.21 : The vnycorn is an of the proudest bestis that is.
- c1450(a1375) Octav.(2) (Clg A.2)1351 : An vnycorn begat þat fole On a rabyte, as blakke as cole.
- c1500(?a1437) ?Jas.I KQ (SeldArch B.24)st.155 : The lufare unicorne…voidis venym with his evour horne.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)818 : Next hym folowyd Chastyte on an unycorn, Armyd at all poyntes behynde and beforn.
b
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)119/113 : Of hyre [barme] hyt was god game, Þer-inne þet vnicorn weks tame þat er þang [read: þan] was so wylde.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)129/63 : Þat vnicorn þat was so wyld…Þou hast y-tamed and i-styld Wyþ melke of þy breste.
- a1450(a1400) Medit.Pass.(2) (Add 11307)26 : We blesse þe tyme þat þou were born, ffor þou hast cauth the Vnicorn Þat was so fers in þe olde lawe…Þou hast set him vp-on þy barm And homly halsed hym in thin arm.
- a1450(a1400) Medit.Pass.(2) (Add 11307)1851 : Whi wole þat stronge vnycorn Þat was of þat maydon born Make his bed vpon a tre?
c
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.620 : Wer reysed vp figurys Of wylde bestis…And hertis eke, with her brode hornes, Olyfauntes and large Vnicornes.
- (c1475) Exped.Edw.IV (Arms 2M.16)3b : Sir John Sauage…Vnycorne hede Rasyd silu[er].
- c1450(c1400) Emare (Clg A.2)164 : The fayr mayden her by-forn Was portrayed an vnykorn, Wyth hys horn so hye.
d
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)64/26 : Wummon wrað is wuluene; Mon wulf oðer liun oðer unicorne.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)104/14 : Þe Vnicorne [Cleo: Vicorne] of wreaððe þe bereð on his nease þe þorn…haueð six hwelpes.
- c1440(a1400) Awntyrs Arth.(Thrn)388 : His horse withe sendale was teldede and…his cheuarone by-forne Stode als ane vnycorne.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)63/3 : The bisshope…saide that the women that were so horned were lyche to be horned snailes and hertis and vnicornes.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)13024 : Whan with wyn ful ys myn horn I am ffers as an vnycorn.
e
- (1451) Lin.DDoc.51/5 : I will that Iohn Bulman haue my gret bedes of laumber with a ryng of vnicorn horne by yam & my signet of golde.
- (1451) Proc.Privy C.6.106 : In the said cuppe is a serpentz tong and a pece of an unicornes horne.
- (1451) Proc.Privy C.6.106 : Within the said salere is a serpentz tong and oon pece of an unicorne horne.
- (a1460) DSPhilos.(Helm)113/36 : There bene somme cuntrees that a litil of the vnycornes boon or iuery is bought for a grete somme of golde and syluer.
- a1600(1472) Rec.Bluemantle (Jul C.6)386 : The Kinge gave the sayde lorde Grutehuse a cup of golde…and in mydest of the cup is a grete pece of an Vnicornes horne, to my estimacyon vij ynches compase.