Middle English Dictionary Entry
twig n.
Entry Info
Forms | twig n. Also twig(g)e, tuig(e, (early) twī; pl. twig(g)es, (K) tui(e)gges & (early) twiȝu, (dat.) twiȝum, twigan, (acc.) twigga & (errors) twynges, wiggez. |
Etymology | OE twig, twī & twigu, (Nhb.) twigge, tuigge. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A small branch of a tree, a twig, shoot; also, the stem of a plant; a sprig of a medicinal plant or herb; a leafy branch, frond; any green and growing part of a plant; lim ~ [see lim n.(2) 4.(c)]; linde ~, a linden twig; tuft of twigges, a stand of shoots, bed of osiers; (b) fig. an offshoot of a vice or of a branch of a sin or vice, a subspecies or subtype of sin; (c) a rod, switch; (d) a pliant branch used as material for basketwork or wickerwork, an osier rod;—usu. pl.; also, coll. wickerwork [2nd quot.]; also as adj. or in comb. [quot. ?c1475]; (e) as surname.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B)49/1 : Wið nadren slite, seoð þisse wyrt twiȝu [L ramulos] on wine &..leȝe þa wyrt þarto.
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B)99/2 : Nim þisse wyrte leaf, politricum hateð, hyre twiȝu [OE twigu] beoð swilce swinenne byrst.
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B)103/1 : Sume men eac secgað þæt heo stelan habbe mid twiȝum ysopan ȝelicne & leaf beanum ȝelice.
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.MQuad.(Hrl 6258B)239/21 : Æt under þan treowe morbeame cembe þær hyre fex þat þar on þan combe ȝeþoliȝe, ȝesomne & aho on up standende twi [OE twig] þæs morbeames.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)5 : Heo..nomen þa twigga and þa blostme and duden under þe assa fet and bistreweden al þane weye him to wurþseipe..Þa ȝe-leafule ebreisce folc..streweden mid twigan in drihtenes weye þer he rad.
- a1300 Sln.146 Gloss.(Sln 146)296/231 : Canduelis: ang. lindetwig.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)2542 : Wiþ þat come Gij prikeinde, & a smal tvige in his hond bereinde Of oliue, in token of pais.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)434/12 : Aȝeines suche bytyng of a wood man þis helpiþ specialliche: þe iuse of..garlek, salt, twigges of a fige tre.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)486/9 : Þe sonne..renewiþ þe ouer partie of þe erþe wiþ herbis and twiggis and floures..wiþ grene þingis and faire.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)871/21 : In none herbes nouþer in precious stones is more grenenes þan in þe stoon smaragdus; it passeþ herbes and gras, twigges and spray [L frondes].
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)746 : Mony bryddez vnblyþe vpon bare twyges Þat pitosly þer piped for pyne of þe colde.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)7 : Whan þe Sonne is arise, he shall see þe fressh dewe vppon þe smale twygges and grasse.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)109a/a : Take a rodde of wilowe oþer a twigge of þe vine & put þe tone ende in þe pacientes ere & lappe wexe aboute þe toþer ende & sette it on fire.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)505 : Twygge: Virgula, ramusculus.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)458/28 : All the forsaid lond with the mansion, tyftis of twyggis, thorptis, medis, fedyngis, placis, fysshe-weris, and all other thyngis..shold holy turne ayene to them.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)114b : A Syoun or A twige: Aborigo..vitulamen, frutex.
b
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)17/29 : Zeue boȝes..byeþ y-bore of..prede..Ac ech of þise zeue boȝes heþ uele smale tuyegges.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)22/5 : Þe þridde boȝ of prede is arrogance..þe uerþe tuyg of þe ilke boȝe..is yelpingge.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)43/7 : Þe zeuend boȝ of auarice ys wyckedhede..þes boȝ heþ manye tuygges [Vices & V.(2): bowes].
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.389 : Euerich of thise chief synnes hath hise braunches and hise twigges, as shal be declared in hire chapitres folwynge.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.390-91 : No man kan outrely telle the nombre of the twigges and of the harmes that comen of Pride: Ther is Inobedience..Pertinacie, Veyne glorie and many another twig that I kan nat declare.
c
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)147-9 : Mon lenseð his fleis hwenne he him ȝefeð lutel to etene, and lesse to drinke, and ofte for his sunne swingeð him nuð [read: mið] smele twige.
- (1415) Hoccl.Oldcastle (Hnt HM 111)471 : Thogh we had in oure handes but a clod Of eerthe at your heedes to slynge or caste, Were wepne ynow—or a smal twig or rod.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)3.79 : Þey bablid with her billis how þei bete were, And tenyd with twiggis two and twenty ȝeris.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.326 : So may þe child in þe ȝougþe with a lytil twyg ben chastysid.
d
- (1432) Grocer Lond.(Kingdon)211/23 : Pur Reeds, cariage, et ij laborerez pur closyn de lez ij Gabyll Wyndousz et tut lez autresz Wyndous, lattes et twygges.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)3.209 : Let make a skeppe of twygge [L ex vimine] a foote in brede.
- a1450(1408) Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)60/33 : Þe schilde of twigges and þe mase of tree wiþ þe whiche ȝong kniȝtes shulde lerne to fyȝte..were ordeyned to be of double weyȝte.
- a1450(1408) Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)168/28 : Þe vynet is a gyn of werre iframed of light tymber..þe sides beeþ iwounde wiþ twigges to kepe þe men þat beþ wiþynne fro schot & cast.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1936 : Al thys hous..Was mad of twigges..Swiche as men to these cages thwite, Or maken of these panyers, Or elles hottes or dossers.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1941 : For the swough and for the twygges [vrr. twynges, twigys], This hous was also ful of gygges.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1714 : Darius..indispite sendis..a Hatt made of twyggis [Dub: wiggez].
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)132a : A Twygge..vimeneus.
- ?a1500 Trin-C.LEDict.Suppl.(Trin-C O.5.4)619/27 : Twygge [Dict.: Vimen].
e
- (1296) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames358 : John Twyg.
- (1333) Sub.R.Stf.in WSAS 10115 : Robertus Twyg.
- (1431) Feudal Aids 4436 : Philippus Twygge.