Middle English Dictionary Entry
turnǒur n.(1)
Entry Info
| Forms | turnǒur n.(1) Also turnour(r)e, turnor, turner(e, tourneur, tornour(e, tornere, (in surnames) turnur(e, tournour, tornur, ternour; pl. turnours, etc. & tourneris. |
| Etymology | OF tornëor, tornour, tourneour, tourneur one who fashions something by turning; cp. ML tornārius, AL turnārius. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) One who fashions objects of wood, metal, etc. on a lathe;—usu. with ref. to a member of the guild of turners; also, a basketmaker; (b) one who turns a spit; ~ of broches, spite ~; (c) some sort of craftsman's tool: ?a spit; ?a potter's wheel; (d) anat. an articulated joint; (e) a translator; the seventi turnours, the translators of the Septuagint; (f) a convert or penitent; (g) as surname.
Associated quotations
a
- (1299) in G.Otto Handwerkernamen87 : Turnour.
- (1390) Doc.Beverley in Seld.Soc.1433 : Ordinatum est..quod quilibet artifices..viz. mercers et drapers..bollers, turnors, girdelers..and workmen habeant suos ludos et pagentes paratos..qualibet die in festo Corporis Christi.
- (1416) MSS Beverley in HMC98 : [The craft purports to include] Bowers, Fletchers, Cowpers, Patenners, Botchers, Bolgemakers, Turners, Carvours, and Joynners.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)17b/b : Corbio: a lep maker or a turnour [Hrl 2257: tourneur; Hrl 2270: tornoure].
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)66a/b : Tornus: a turnynge yre[n] of a turnour [Hrl 2270: turnourre].
- (1426) Let.Bk.Lond.K (Gldh LetBk K)53 : John Bartheu, turnour.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)507 : Turnowre: Tornator.
- a1450 Cat.Plays Yk.p.xxv : Tielmakers, Milners, Turnours, Hayresters, Bollers.
- (1464) RParl.5.567b : All maner of people of the Craftes and Occupations of Turnours, Carpenters, Woodemongers and Colemakers..wast yerely..right grete quantite of all maner of Tymbre of Aspe.
- a1475 Rev.St.Bridget (Gar 145)107/34 : Hir nek turned a-boute as a tree that is turned in the instrument of a turnour, ayenst whiche was sette an Irne alther sharpest, kittyng and shaving away with-outen ony comfort.
- a1500 Add.37075 Gloss (Add 37075)75/312a : Vascularius: turner.
- a1500 Mayer Nominale (Mayer)685/30 : Versor: a tornere.
- a1525(?1452) Cov.Leet Bk.272 : Item, hit was ordeyned at þis lete that wher the Turnour & Coupers of þe Cuntre were wonte to haue their Market on the Goode-friday, [etc.].
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1586 : Sadlers, souters, Semsteris fyn; Taliours, Telers, Turners of vesselles.
b
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)507 : Turnare, or he that turnythe a spete or other lyke: Versor.
- (1456) Doc.in HMC Rep.5 App.492 : Payd to iii turnors off brooches 3 d.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)300/12 : What art thou but a luske, and a turner of brochis, and a ladyll-waysher?
- ?a1500 Lndsb.Nominale (Lndsb)770/1 : Veruvertor: a speteturnere.
c
- 1468 Medulla (StJ-C C.22)66a/b : Tornus: a throwyng off Iryn or tornour.
d
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)272/20 : Þe ouere endes of bonez hatten verticule, as it were, turners or wynders or whirleres..and haue þat name for þey turne and wynde in clicchinge and bendinge and strecchinge of membres.
e
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.237 : Þe seuenty torneres and Isidre also..seiþ two þowsand ȝere seuen hondred and two and fourty.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.245 : Meny holy doctoures..beeþ specialliche i-cleped þe Seuenty tourneris [vr. turneres], for þey torned Holy Writte out of Ebrew in to Grewe.
- c1450(?c1425) St.Kath.Sienna (Dc 114)195/31 : Þe turner of þis englysshe..[besecheþ] alle men and wymmen þat in happe rediþ or heriþ þis englyshe þat þey be not ouer-capcyous ne curyous in ful many clauses.
f
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)72/27 : Hem..he knowiþ certeinly to be repentauncers for her synnes and to be ful turners to god.
g
- (1180) in Pipe R.Soc.29154 : Warnerius Le Turnur.
- (1207) Fine R.King John407 : Reginaldus Le Turnur.
- (1221) Justice in Eyre R.in Seld.Soc.53994 : Ernald le Tornur.
- (1251) Close R.Hen.III561 : Alan le Turnur.
- (1275) Select Pleas Manor.in Seld.Soc.226 : Geoffrey Turner.
- (1285) in Fransson Surn.166 : Beatrix la Turnure.
- (1296-7) Acc.Cornw.in RHS ser.3.6692 : Margareta la tournour.
- (1296-7) Acc.Cornw.in RHS ser.3.6698 : Iohanne le toornour.
- (1328) Sub.R.Der.in Der.ANHSJ 3070 : Adam le Ternour.
- (1358) Freeman R.in KRec.18209 : Alanus Turnour de Ledys.
- (1378) Acc.in Lambert Hist.Banstead357 : Alesia Tornour.
- (1415) in Rymer's Foedera (1709-10)9.249 : Johannes Tournour.
- a1500(c1270) Cart.Boarstall in OHS 88147 : Richard Turnour.