Middle English Dictionary Entry

that pron.
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Entry Info

Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

1a.
As anaph. or dem. pron., pointing to a person, an object, attribute, a condition, an event, a sequence of actions, an aggregate of things or qualities, etc. previously mentioned: that, it, all that; also, with pl. verbs: they, these: (a) with pron. alone; al ~; also, used pleonastically with pron. or noun phrase for emphasis: he ~ [quots. a1400(a1325) & ?a1425]; min lif ~ [quot. a1425]; as (that)..~, which [quot. a1400]; (b) further specified by a following rel. clause; (c) with ben and complement (pred. nom., prep. phrase, noun clause, etc.); ?also, such [quot. ?c1450]; (d) in parenthetic, explanatory, or amplifying expressions: ~ is (was), that is (was), namely; ~ weren, they were; ~ is to seien (knouen, menen, witen), ~ is (beth) to understonden, etc., that is to say, in other words; (e) pointing to a person or thing belonging to a class previously mentioned: one, another;—used indefinitely; also, pointing to the first or more distant of two things previously mentioned: that, the other, the former;—often in conjunction with this: this and ~; or this or ~, either this or that; from this vessel in ~, from one vessel into another; etc.; (f) pointing to a person, people, thing, an epoch, etc. belonging to a class or group previously mentioned, further specified by a prep. phrase or a following rel. clause: that, the one, one; those; also with ben and complement [1st quot.].
1b.
(a) In temporal prep. phrases pointing to the time in which a previously mentioned event or action occurred: after ~, thereafter, afterwards; bi ~, by that time; at that time; from ~ forth, from then on; in ~, at that moment; to ~, until then; (b) in nontemporal prep. phrases pointing to a previously mentioned action, event, state, etc. and used with conjunctive force: after ~, following that, subsequently; for ~, therefore; for al ~, in spite of that; from ~, wherefore, from that experience; in ~, therein, in that respect; over ~, in addition [see over prep. 5c.(b)]; thurgh ~, in consequence, wherefore; to ~, for that, thereto; with ~, thereupon; (c) as quasi-adv., pointing to a person, an animal, action, or a condition previously mentioned to express emphasis or affirmation or to introduce elaboration: besides that, at that, as to that; and ~, and ~ an-on.
2.
As anaph. or dem. pron.: (a) pointing to a place or sum not previously mentioned but understood from the context: that; all that; (b) pointing to a blow occurring at the moment of the speech: ~ is min, there is my blow!; take ~, have (take) thou ~, take that!; (c) pointing to one of a class of persons or things not previously mentioned but understood from the context: that, one thing, another;—used indefinitely and occas. in conjunction with this; also, used with pron. for emphasis: he ~ [quot. a1475]; ~ or ~, one or another.
3.
As cataphoric pron. used demonstratively, pointing to a person, group of persons, an animal, a thing, an action, etc. about to be mentioned: that; those: (a) specified by following rel. or noun clause [some exx. of ~ that (the) could also be construed as that rel. pron. 3. or 4. plus particle]; (b) with ben and complement, further specified by following rel., conditional, or noun clause.
4.
In conjunctive prep. phrases introducing subordinate clauses: (a) anent ~, insofar as, inasmuch as; for ~ [see for-that adv. & conj. 1.]; in ~, in that, because, seeing that [see also in prep. 27.]; in-to (on) ~, until; of ~, from the fact that, since [see also of prep. 20.(g)]; outnime ~, except that; outtaken ~, except if [see outtake(n prep. 3.(a)]; thurgh ~, because of the fact that, because; to ~, in order that; with ~, in order that; provided that; in case that; (b) with particle or conj. following in temporal phrases: after (from) ~ that, after (from) the time when; from ~ sitthen, from the time that, since; (c) with particle following in nontemporal phrases: after ~ that, according to the way that; after (of) ~ the, to the degree that, according as; bi ~ that, unless; for (thurgh) ~ that, for the fact that, because; in ~ that, insofar as; in that, because; on (upon) ~ that, concerning the fact that; with ~ the, in the event that, in case that, if; withouten ~ that, save that.