Middle English Dictionary Entry
that pron.
Entry Info
Forms | that pron. Also thatte, thāt(e, (EAngl.) dat, ȝat, (chiefly K & early SWM) thet, (N or NEM) yat & (early) þæt & (after d) tat. |
Etymology | OE þæt, þat, þet, sg. nom. & acc. neut. ofsē̆ pron. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1a.
As anaph. or dem. pron., pointing to a person, an object, attribute, a condition, an event, a sequence of actions, an aggregate of things or qualities, etc. previously mentioned: that, it, all that; also, with pl. verbs: they, these: (a) with pron. alone; al ~; also, used pleonastically with pron. or noun phrase for emphasis: he ~ [quots. a1400(a1325) & ?a1425]; min lif ~ [quot. a1425]; as (that)..~, which [quot. a1400]; (b) further specified by a following rel. clause; (c) with ben and complement (pred. nom., prep. phrase, noun clause, etc.); ?also, such [quot. ?c1450]; (d) in parenthetic, explanatory, or amplifying expressions: ~ is (was), that is (was), namely; ~ weren, they were; ~ is to seien (knouen, menen, witen), ~ is (beth) to understonden, etc., that is to say, in other words; (e) pointing to a person or thing belonging to a class previously mentioned: one, another;—used indefinitely; also, pointing to the first or more distant of two things previously mentioned: that, the other, the former;—often in conjunction with this: this and ~; or this or ~, either this or that; from this vessel in ~, from one vessel into another; etc.; (f) pointing to a person, people, thing, an epoch, etc. belonging to a class or group previously mentioned, further specified by a prep. phrase or a following rel. clause: that, the one, one; those; also with ben and complement [1st quot.].
Associated quotations
a
- (1100) Chart.St.Paul in RHS ser.3.5821 (3rd occurrence) : Ic kyþe eow þet ic habbe geunnan Maurice bisceope þat bissceoperice on Lundone mid saca and mid soka..& herto is gewitnesse Robert bisceop of Lincolne & þat wæs gehaton Westminynstre on Cristesmessa.
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.656 : Ða þa kyning heorda þæt gesecgen, þa wærð he swiðe glæd.
- a1131 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1127 : Þa forlæs he þæt mid rihte forþi þæt he hit hæfde æror beieten mid unrihte.
- c1175(OE) Bod.Hom.Avar.(Bod 343)134/31 : Þenne secge we þet þet is god þe þurh nan unlimpe ne mæȝ beon forloren..ȝif þu þe sylf for Gode god bist, þet ne forleost þu næfre unþances.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)29/12 : Hwilch harm oðer hwilc unȝelimp ðe ðe to-cumþ..ðu art wel wurðe ðes eueles for ðan ðe ðu hit hauest wel ofearned, þat and michele more.
- a1250 HMaid.(Tit D.18)9/99 : & tat schal forðre i þis writ beon openliche ischeawet.
- a1275 *St.Marg.(2) (Trin-C B.14.39)291 : Þat ne dude ic nout for al þis worldes wnne.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)15877 : Þa þat wes idriuuen longe ȝeond þas leoden, þa com þer an oðer sorȝe.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)81/1390 : Horn let wurche chapeles & chirche, He..makede feste merie..Fikenhild was prut on herte, & þat him dude smerte.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)13183 : Griþie ich him wolle and..lete him holde Brutlond..and oþer londe..þat he sal alle leose bote he pais makie.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)109 : It mai ben hoten heuene rof, It hiled al ðis werldes drof..And ouer ðat..An-oðer heuene.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)191/27 : Þo þe guode man y-zeȝ þet, he þoȝte þet þet was þet word of þe godspelle þet he hedde y-yolde.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)4161 : 'Ȝive hem leve and hete hem þider wende'..'Þat i wol,' seide William.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Th.(Manly-Rickert)B.2051 : He dide..next his sherte an aketoun And ouer that an haubergeoun.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)12560 : Þe sacramentys of holy cherche y loued hem neuer..Pryue synne and sacrylage, Þat loue y moste.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)18131 : Hell..said, als he had wist it noght, 'þat king o blis, quat es he þat?'
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)1552 (2nd occurrence) : In so longe tyme is not to leyne þe planetes are went alle aȝeyne Of her firste makyng in to þe state, þat [Arms: As] clerkes now wel woot þate.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)1100 : Reson was non that he [Eteocles] shuld haue alle Regaly..And he right nought..Rather than suffre that, he wil be ded.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.1169 : She comth to-nyght, my lif that dorste I leye!
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)20/2 : His broþer..regned in his steed..And he þat was sowdan when I parted oute of þat land.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.208 : Too feet deep is good for corn tilage, And doubil that for treen.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)28.286 : Thanne beheld he the blad of þe swerd..And Rede lettre he Aspide þat Onne..Wheche weren As Red as Any Blood.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)2004 : A childe that is tendir and fatte Anone forth right thei eeten thatte.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)28/19 : Kay..smote downe kynge Lotte and hurte hym passynge sore; That saw the Kynge.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)82 : I aske not ellys of all þi substance; Thy clene hert, þi meke obeysance, Yeue me þat.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)149/16 : Þouȝ þou ley me oute to diuerse temptacions & aduersites, all þat þou ordeynest to my profit.
- a1500 Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149)45 : Jhesu..seyeth hym-self that he ys Goddes Sone and kynge and dyffouleth oure sabaat-day; Yet he doth not alle only that.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)5272 : Þe eir..wexiþ þicke, and he is light And þat him holdeþ in his flight.
- ?a1525(?a1475) Play Sacr.(Dub 652)627 : 'Knoest any abut þis plase?' 'Ye, þat I do.'
b
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)32/10 (1st occurrence) : Ðe laford..all þæt feoh him forȝeaf..Ða..læt hine bitæcen þam stiðum witnerum, þe hine witniæn sceolden oð ðet he forȝylde al ðæt feoh him seolfum..þæt þæt he him forȝeaf.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)125/6 : Maria..bar godes wordes on hire hierte..Hie bar on hire hierte þat þe godd sade: Beati mundo corde, [etc.].
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)138 (1st occurrence) : Þe lengore I here, Þe lesse reson I seo in þat þat þou rikenest.
- a1425(a1399) Form Cury (Add 5016)105.32/6 (1st occurrence) : Take sawge, persel..quinces and peeres..and fylle the gees þerwith..Whan the gees buth rosted ynowh..take þat tat is withinne and do it in a possynet.
- ?a1425(?c1350) NHom.(3) Pass.(RwlPoet 175)2370 (1st occurrence) : When Dauid sett þam [rods] has, þan wex þai..in a hale tre..nowre-whare myght þai fynd a tre Þat wald acord vnto þair mett, Bot þat at Dauid kyng had sett.
- (1442) Let.in Ellis Orig.Let.ser.3.177 (1st occurrence) : And therfore considered that that is aboue saide, and what losse, hurt, and..vilanie shulde be caste thorugh the worlde vpon vs and this our Reaume, [etc.].
- a1450 Aelred Inst.(2) (Bod 423)2/42 : Suche lusty tales gendren leccherous ymaginatyf thouȝtes, neuere cessynge vnto the tyme she consente to falle, sekynge by whom, where and whan she might fulfille..that the whiche hath so longe be vnclenly thoughte.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)2/40 (1st occurrence) : Waters..Be gedered to geder in to one stede, That dry the erth may seym; That at is dry the erth shall be.
c
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1070 (2nd occurrence) : Þa herdon þa munecas of Burh sægen þet heora agene menn wolden hergon þone mynstre..þet wæs forðan þet hi herdon sæcgen þet se cyng heafde gifen þet abbotrice an Frencisce abbot.
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1100 : On morgen æfter hlam mæsse dæge wearð se cyng..fram his anan men mid anre fla of sceoten; & syððan..on þam biscoprice bebyrged; þæt wæs þæs þreotteðan geares þe he rice on feng.
- 1131 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1131 : Ðis gear æfter Cristesmesse on an Mone niht æt þe forme slæp wæs se heouene o ðe norð half eall swilc hit wære bærnende fir..þæt wæs on iii Idus Ianuarie.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)1432 (1st occurrence) : Ȝiff þatt iss þatt tu willt nu..lefenn..Þa mihht tu lakenn þin Drihhtin Gastlike i soþfasst læfe.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)23 : Hwet itacnet..þa men þe beoð in þe castel and hin ȝemeð? þet beoð þes monnes eȝan and his fet and his hondan, [etc.].
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)26/1 : Me gomeneð & gleadeð al of gasteliche murhden..is þet eani wunder?
- a1275 *Body & S.(4) (Trin-C B.14.39)7 : Jn halle þu were ful kene..false domes to demen, to changen ten vor wyþe [read: wyve]; Þat beit me þel [read: wel] on isene.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)1944 : Þre dæȝes hit rinde blod, þreo dæies and þreo niȝt; þat wæs swuþe mochel pliht.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3616 : Þæt is a muchel æit-lond..þet Bruttes ærest ifeng.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)31/516 : Let him vs alle kniȝte, For þat is vre [vr. his] riȝte.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)59 : Ðo so wurð light..Fro ðisternesse o sunde[r] sad; Ðat was ðe firme morgen-tid Ðat euere sprong in werld wid.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)936 : Abram leuede ðis hot in sped; Dat was him to rigt-wished.
- a1350 Iesu suete is (Hrl 2253)35 : Iesu, my lyf..ich loue þe, ant þat is ryht.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3683 : My mouth hath icched al this longe day; That is a signe of kissyng atte leeste.
- a1400 Dice(2) (Boston 100)p.33 : Ye art loued of old and yhing, and yat is be caus of yi god beri[n]g.
- a1400 Men hem bimenin (Mert 248)18 : Men planys of litel trwthe; hit ys dede and tat [vr. ȝat] is rwthe.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2463 (1st occurrence) : Ho wayned me vpon þis wyse..Þat is ho þat is at home, þe auncian lady.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)5/12 : Aduersite: I ham of litil stature; Resoun: Þat is no cause of grucching.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)44b/a : Ȝif þat it were hurte in eny partie þeroff, alle þe parties þeroff schulde ben disesed and þat were euyl.
- a1450 Aelred Inst.(2) (Bod 423)2/69 : Lyue with laboure and bysenesse of thin hondes..for that is the moor syker way to parfeccyon-warde.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)1139 : 'I have lost more than thou wenest.' 'What los ys that?' quod I thoo.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)131/29 : She bewaked and wepte for her synnes: þat [F Ce] was the loue of God and the drede that she had for her misleuinge.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)32/20 : Bleobris that was godson unto kynge Bors, he bare his chyeff standard; that was a passyng good knyght.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)13a/a : Sumtyme it is nede to meue oon lyme withouten anoþir and þat were vnpossible if þer were in al þe bodi but oon hool boon.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)510 : Oon aȝens two To fyȝte, þat ys good!
- a1500 Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149)47 : They tolde me 'Osanna.' Than asked Pylat what that was to sey.
d
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.656 : Siððan þa getton hit ælle þa oðre þe þær wæron..Ðet wæron be nam: Ithamar, biscop of Rofecestre, and Wine, biscop of Lundene, & Ieruman se wæs Myrcene biscop.
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.963 : Ic..freodom Sancte Petres mynstre..of kyng..& ealle þa þorpes þe ðærto lin, þet is, Æstfeld & Dodes thorp & Ege & Pastun.
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1070 : Þa herdon þa munecas..sægen þet heora agene menn wolden hergon þone mynstre, þet wæs, Hereward & his genge.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)3/5 : And be his ȝewisnesse [?read: ȝewitnesse] þa ȝelæredus læce ȝewislice smeadon; Þæt wat [read: was] se ærusta Apollo and his suna Esculapfius and Asclepius.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)7/15 : Cefalaponia [L cephalea] ðæt ys, heafodsar, and þat sar fylȝþ lanȝe þan heafode.
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)6/39 : Vre lauerd haueð ileanett him froure of his dehtren, þet beoð to vnderstonden, þe fowr heaued þeawes.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)163/27 : Make hit i schrift steort naket, þet is, ne hel þu nawiht of al þet lið þer abuten.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)5135 (1st occurrence) : Hii ssolleþ ȝut keuery moche lond þat hii abbeþ y lore, Al walis & al þe march & al middel lond ywis, þat is, al þat bituene temese & homber is.
- ?a1350 Recipe Painting(1) in Archaeol.J.1 (Hrl 2253)65 : Bore holes acros ithe iiij sides, that is to siggen, the verste iiij holes an v unchun..from the grount to the mesure of thi vessel.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)13/10 : Þe zixte article is of his arizinge, þet is to wytene, þet þanne þridde day efter dis dyaþe..[he] aros uram dyaþe to liue.
- (1357) Gaytr.LFCatech.(Yk-Borth R.I.11)66/321 : The sacrement of the auter..Whilk ilk man and woman..Aught forto resceyve anes in the yhere, That is at sai, at paskes.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Num.25.8 : Phynees..cauȝt aswerd..& he stykede þruȝ boþe to geders, þe man, þat is, & þe woman, in þe genytal placys.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2611 : The thre enemys of mankynde, that is to seyn, the flessh, the feend, and the world, thow hast suffred hem entre in to thyn herte.
- (1413) Will in Bdf.HRS 218 (2nd occurrence) : Item, I wolle and by qweye to þt same chirche þe vestement of blak Camoka, þt is to seyne chesuble, ij tunycles, aubes, amyces, fanons, [etc.].
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.171 : The kyng hath sones tweye—That is to mene, Ector and Troilus.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)95/36 : Þe tyme of all þe digestioun..is of 16 houres..þogh þe terme of tarieng of þe mete in the stomak be fro 12 houres til 22, þat is to vnderstande, of all þe stomak and of þe guttes.
- (1434) EEWills102/26 : These neyboures wil bere witnesse theropon, thet is to sey, Iohn Hardynge..William Ferroure..and Thomas Colman.
- (1447-8) in Willis & C.Cambridge 1400 : The ordinaunce for the seid werkes fro the seid Fest of saint michell anno xxvijo vnto the same fest anno xxviijo, that is to wete, by A hoole yere.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)4/13 : Set libera nos a malo, Þat is, delyuer vs fro al maner yuel.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)31/14 : When þe resoun..folewiþ þe wille of þis kyng, þen is resoun fre & lord..of al þe lond vndir þis kyng, boþe of cytees & of folk, þat is for to vndirstonde, of þe fleischly wittis & here werkis.
- (1472) Grant Arms in Antiq.49289 : I..have devysed for them & theire successours thise Armes folowing, that is to sey, A feld of Sablys, A Cheveron silver grailed.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)126b : That is: hoc est..scilicet, videlicet.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)4.1 : God..herd me, that is, he gaf me my ȝernynge.
- a1500 Let.Alex.(Wor F.172)493 : I toke with me..my triewest..friendis, that is to say, Perdicam, Diatanan, and Philotan.
- a1500 Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149)54 : Than answerde the Jewes, that ys [to] knowe, Laȝar, Astaron, Antonon, Jacob.
- a1525(?1457) Cov.Leet Bk.300 : The Meyre and his brethern send vnto her a present..That is to wit, ccc paynemaynes, a pipe of Rede wyne, a dosyn Capons of haut grece.
e
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)1894 : Constantin him vnder stod of is kunde londe, & god it were to abbe boþe þis & þat an honde.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Wisd.14.2 : Þat forsoþe coueitise of purchasynge þoȝte out.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Cor.6.13 : Mete to the wombe, and the wombe to metis; forsoth God schal distroye and [WB(2): bothe] this and that.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.2468 : Thus he set him to coveite, An hundred thogh he sihe aday..In ech of hem he fint somwhat That pleseth him, or this or that.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)186/19 : Mete to þe wombe and wombe to þe mete; þis and þat God shal destruye.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.269 : Withinne the temple he wente hym forth pleyinge, This Troilus..On this lady, and now on that, lokynge.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ps.143.13 : The selers of hem ben fulle; bringinge out fro this [vr. one] vessel in to that [vr. anothir].
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)3a/a : It byhoueþ hem for to deme & for to examyn..how mych þinges..concorde to those þat shewen openly, how mych..ben different And so forsoþ for to chese þis, and þat [Ch.(2): þat oþer þing]..for to eschewe.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)4.21 : Thanne vppon that with chaued cley hit wrie. For sunne & wynde hem make a tegument, lest they in this be shake, in that to-brent.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)7-9 : Hyt is wonder..what causeth swevenes..Why that is an avision And why this a revelacion, Why this a drem, why that a sweven.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)147/20 : The bitter payn of hell, þat is vntollerable vnto me, and þerfor I hafe chosyn me rather to suffyr þis payn þan þatt.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)143.15 : Thaire celers ful, riftand fra this in that [WBible(1): fro þat into it].
- c1500(?a1437) ?Jas.I KQ (SeldArch B.24)st.2 : Quhen as I lay in bed allone waking..Fell me to mynd of many divers thing, Off this and that.
f
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.656 (1st occurrence) : Ðas sindon þa witnes þe þær wæron..Ðet wæs first seo kyning Wulfere þe þet feostnode first mid his worde.
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1100 (2nd occurrence) : He heafde on his agenre hand..þæt bisceoprice on Winceastre, & þæt on Searbyrig.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Kings 30.27 : Takeþ blessyng of þe prei of þe enemys of þe lord, to hem þat weren in bethel, & þat in ramoth at þe south, & þat in Jether.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Ezek.1.17 (1st occurrence) : Thei goynge wenten bi foure parties of hem..To what place that that was first bowide, and the othir sueden.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.689 : Of gold the ferst regne of alle Was in that kinges time tho..Baltazar..loste his regne..And thus..The world of Selver was begonne And that of gold was passed oute.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)8/19 : I haue seen..þat of parys & þat of Costantynoble.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)509/7 : Of þo foure maners forsoþe, I trowe þat the forseid maistres helden þat þe sikerer with þe actuel cauterie.
1b.
(a) In temporal prep. phrases pointing to the time in which a previously mentioned event or action occurred: after ~, thereafter, afterwards; bi ~, by that time; at that time; from ~ forth, from then on; in ~, at that moment; to ~, until then; (b) in nontemporal prep. phrases pointing to a previously mentioned action, event, state, etc. and used with conjunctive force: after ~, following that, subsequently; for ~, therefore; for al ~, in spite of that; from ~, wherefore, from that experience; in ~, therein, in that respect; over ~, in addition [see over prep. 5c.(b)]; thurgh ~, in consequence, wherefore; to ~, for that, thereto; with ~, thereupon; (c) as quasi-adv., pointing to a person, an animal, action, or a condition previously mentioned to express emphasis or affirmation or to introduce elaboration: besides that, at that, as to that; and ~, and ~ an-on.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275 Ken.Serm.(LdMisc 471)215/28 : Þo nicht efter þet aperede an ongel of heuene in here slepe ine metinge.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.403 : Cisterciens..singeþ prime; After þat þey gooþ to þe hondwerk þat þey doon by day.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1845 : Vpright in his bed thanne sitteth he, And after that he song ful [l]oude and clere.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)7252 : Dalida..kut his here..þei..prisounde him..A mon..Gat dalida his wif to wedde..Bi þat his heer was waxen new.
- c1410(c1350) Gamelyn (Hrl 7334)192 : Tho Gamelyn þe yonge was ride out at þe gate, The fals kniȝt his broþer lokked it after þate.
- a1425(?a1350) 7 Sages(2) (Glb E.9)982 : And in þat cumes þe wilde bare.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)649 : Unto this yer be don, I axe respit for to avise me, And after that to have my choys al fre.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)238/26 : When a leon commethe þer beestes ben to fede hym, he goys in a circuite all abowt hem, and aftur þat is non so bold to pase þat sercle.
- c1460 Cursor (LdMisc 416)14360 : Fro that [Vsp: þat dai] forth..There folowid Ihesu folk full fele.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)26/34 : A grete wynde..blew downe hir castels and hir townys, and aftir that come a watir and bare hit all away.
- c1450(a1400) Chev.Assigne (Clg A.2)248 : By þat come þe olde Qwene and badde hym com þenne.
- a1500 Awntyrs Arth.(Dc 324)565 : The sone was passed, by þat mydday and mare.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)20b/3 : Smer þe fell with A medecyne made of..oyle of Rosse..vynegr..After that put in the wounde a dry tente of nesshe clothe all on.
- a1500 Siege Jerus.(2) (Brog 2.1)88/566 : The blod in his [Titus'] body hete for gret grame and angur..his cardyacule from hyme went..þen Tytus forsovked all þe wrath þat he had to þat.
b
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1111 : Ðises geares wæs swiðe lang winter & hefig tyme..& þurh þæt eorð wæstmas wurdon swiðe amyrde.
- c1175(OE) Bod.Hom.Dom.Quadr.(Bod 343)46/14 : Moyses feste an ðam westene, þurh ðet he earnode iheræn þa heofenlice ȝerynu.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)4941 : Þe ymage of Mahoun..Wiþ þe axe smot he oppon þe molde..Sortybran..com wyþ þaat..'þou oundost þy stat.'
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ecclus.51.28 : I weldide with hem herte fro þe begynnyng, for þat I shal not ben forsaken.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)671 : With þat þay ros up radly..And setten toward Sodamas her syȝt.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1082 : First he gan hire his righte lady calle..after this..he hire preyde To be nought wroth, thogh he..So hardy was to hire to write..And after that, than gan he telle his woo.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)7/14 : Mightiboned men þat be dulwitted in þe naturel ordere of men kepen þe lowest degre, for in þat drawe þei next to bestis apt to bere lordenes.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)212 : With that hir eyen up she casteth And saw noght.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)76/28 : Þe pore seruauntys..ȝoldyn hym to þe iewys..& ȝitt, for all þat, manye of þe iewys haddyn gret indignacyoun of hem.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)32/28 : His knyght[es]..dud hir parte. And kynge Carados was smytten to the erthe. With that com the Kynge with the Hondred Knyghtes.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)7.43 : His moder..toke a taper, and bete hym þerwith soe soore þat he was allemoste dedde; Wherefore he did hate from that a cerge alle the tymes of his lyfe.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)19b/13 : By this fewe þou shalt com to A gret werk and thorow that thow shalt haue þe name of a gret leche.
- a1500 Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149)57 : Than seyd Pylat..'Art thou a kynge?' Jhesu onswerde, 'Thou seyst so. And to þat am y borne, and therfor y came hedyr.'
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)4118 : Þe brid..wiþ his mouth..Þe cokatrice..smyteþ sore In þe mouth aȝeinst þe palat, And she openeþ her mouth wiþ þat.
c
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)37 : Gif þu sunegest, forlet hit a mare, and þet mid rihte scrifte.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)1183 : He..hehte hine..makian an eorð-hus eadi & feier, Þe walles of stone..& þat inne swiðe feire stude from socne þes folkes.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.43 : A knyght ther was and that a worthy man.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.344 : Withoute bake mete was neuere his hous Of fissh and flessh and that so plenteuous.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2772 : Ye shullen gete richesses by youre wit and by youre trauaille vn to youre profit, and that with outen wrong or harm doynge to any oother persone.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2040 : And that I take to witnesse An old Cronique in special.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fri.(Manly-Rickert)D.1592 : I haue been syk and that ful many a day.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)13177 : He..iohan hefd comanded to cole..he was heued and þat als sun.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)142 : Bot mon most I algate mynn hym to bene, & þat þe myriest in his muckel þat myȝt ride.
- c1410(c1350) Gamelyn (Hrl 7334)613 : The scherreue vnfetered him sone, and þat anoon.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.4.77 : Whan that thei comen there as folk ne knowen nat thilke dignytees, hir honours vanysschen away, and that anoon.
- c1440(?c1350) Mirror St.Edm.(4) (Thrn)25/19 : Lecherye..mase manes herte to melte, and to playe thare þare his herte lykes..and þat with-owten gouernynge of resoune.
- a1450(c1395) WBible(2) Pref.Jer.(NC 66)p.73 : I shal touche the newe testament, and that shortly.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)19/28 : Þer happend of Sodentie a fyssh to com in-to þe bukett, & þat a grete.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)488/6 : Þer was ordand a blak hors, & þat ane vglie, & here-vppon was sho sett.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)27/146 : All shal be fordone..bot ye, with floodis that from abone shal fall & that plente.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)39/524 : Ther is left right none, and that be ye bold.
2.
As anaph. or dem. pron.: (a) pointing to a place or sum not previously mentioned but understood from the context: that; all that; (b) pointing to a blow occurring at the moment of the speech: ~ is min, there is my blow!; take ~, have (take) thou ~, take that!; (c) pointing to one of a class of persons or things not previously mentioned but understood from the context: that, one thing, another;—used indefinitely and occas. in conjunction with this; also, used with pron. for emphasis: he ~ [quot. a1475]; ~ or ~, one or another.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2999 : The god of Slep hath mad his hous..Ther is no fyr..Ther is no dore..And forto speke of that withoute, Ther stant no gret Tree nyh aboute.
- -?-(1466) Will in Som.RS 16210 : I bequeithe to the high aulter..3 s. 4 d..To Agnes Bernard 6 s. 8 d..To Margaret Baron..6 s. 8 d..I make my wife Alice myne executrice..and the Residue over that if eny be she to dispose it for my soule.
b
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)16290 : For þi mis sawe..take þat to teche þe lore.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)3118 : For þi coueytyse haue þou þat! I schal þe bunche wyth my bat.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)29/226 : Haue at the..Apon the bone shal it byte..mary, that is myne.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)247/140 : A swap fayn..wold I lene the this tyde..Take thou that!
c
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.74.9 (2nd occurrence) : Þe chalis in þe hond of þe lord of cleer wyn ful of mengid, And he boowede in of þat in to þat.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)173/1 : Ȝif God wole; ȝif we liuen, we schullen do þat or þat.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.150 : With many wordes glade, And frendly tales, and with merie chiere, Of this and that they pleide.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)20110 : Her in thys world..On ys a fool, An-other wys..He lovynge, he envyous..He thys ys wroth, he that ys glad.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)84/20 : It is harde to deme of trouþe wheþer a good spirit or an euel stire þe to desire þat or þat.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)130/16,19 : Lete oon seke þat, a noþer þat..but ioy þou neiþer in þis ner in þat.
3.
As cataphoric pron. used demonstratively, pointing to a person, group of persons, an animal, a thing, an action, etc. about to be mentioned: that; those: (a) specified by following rel. or noun clause [some exx. of ~ that (the) could also be construed as that rel. pron. 3. or 4. plus particle]; (b) with ben and complement, further specified by following rel., conditional, or noun clause.
Associated quotations
a
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1106 : Se cyng him nolde agifan þæt þe he on Normandige uppon him genumen hæfde.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)17/2 (1st occurrence) : Þis sceal wyð þat þe on eaȝen beoþ, þæt Grecas hatað ordiolum.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)1115 : Nu icc wile shæwenn ȝuw All þatt whatt it bitacneþþ.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)14024 (1st occurrence) : Doþ þatt tatt he shall biddenn ȝuw.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)5/16 : Ofte ich dede ðurh hire ðat ðe godd nolde.
- a1250 Cristes milde moder (Nero A.14)103 : Ȝif þu milce nauest of me, þet ich wot wel ȝeorne, þet ine helle pine swelten ich schal.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)15297 : Cadwaðlan wes in Brutaine..& þat iherde suggen..þat Pelluz..warnede Edwine.. æuer þurh alle þing.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3181 : Moyses bi-ðogt him ful gare Of ðat ðe is kin haueð sworen.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)123/19 (1st occurrence) : Hope..ous makeþ strang..uor to ondernime uor him þet..þet paceþ uirtue of man.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Lev.11.27 (1st occurrence) : Þat þat gooþ opon hondes..shal been vnclene.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)536 (1st occurrence) : Wyrkez and dotz þat at ȝe moun.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.1036 (1st occurrence) : Me were levere dye Than she of me aught elles understode But that that myghte sownen into goode.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)93/22 : Do not to thi felowe þat þe which þou woldist not were doon to þe.
- a1450 Castle Love(1) (BodAdd B.107)1619 (1st occurrence) : Furst shull in body and soul aryse All þat dyedyn in his seruise, And all þat eke þat shull to þe blysse fonde Shul furst aryse.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)86/25 (1st occurrence) : Sethe hem in whyt wyn..afterward take þat þat fletyth abowyn.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)60a/a (1st occurrence) : Þou schalt take þe white of eyren..whete flour & þat þat nediþ of bole armoniak.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)135/1 : Thenke of þat qwyche is to kome.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)48/24 (1st & 3rd occurrences) : We chese that that we love and asken that that we intenden.
- c1500 The shype ax (Ashm 61)94 (1st occurrence) : That at I sey it schall be sure.
b
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)105/9 : Ðæt byð fulfremed fæsten þe mid ælmessen & mid gebedan byð up ahafen.
- c1200 Wor.Serm.in EGSt.7 (Wor Q.29)101 (1st occurrence) : Þet schal beon over taken þet hit is soþ þet ich eu habbe iseid.
- c1225 Sanctus beda (Wor F.174)10 : Þet weren þeos biscop[es þeo] bodeden cristendom: wilfrid of Sipum [read: Ripum], Johan of beoferlai..Oswald of wireceastre.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4374 : Þat is muchel un-riht ȝif æuere æi god cniht wule his god-liche cun bute gulte aquellan.
- a1300(c1250) Floris (Vit D.3)187 : Þat is ȝet mi meste wo ȝif ich hit finde & hit forgo.
4.
In conjunctive prep. phrases introducing subordinate clauses: (a) anent ~, insofar as, inasmuch as; for ~ [see for-that adv. & conj. 1.]; in ~, in that, because, seeing that [see also in prep. 27.]; in-to (on) ~, until; of ~, from the fact that, since [see also of prep. 20.(g)]; outnime ~, except that; outtaken ~, except if [see outtake(n prep. 3.(a)]; thurgh ~, because of the fact that, because; to ~, in order that; with ~, in order that; provided that; in case that; (b) with particle or conj. following in temporal phrases: after (from) ~ that, after (from) the time when; from ~ sitthen, from the time that, since; (c) with particle following in nontemporal phrases: after ~ that, according to the way that; after (of) ~ the, to the degree that, according as; bi ~ that, unless; for (thurgh) ~ that, for the fact that, because; in ~ that, insofar as; in that, because; on (upon) ~ that, concerning the fact that; with ~ the, in the event that, in case that, if; withouten ~ that, save that.
Associated quotations
a
- a1131 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1127 : Þaræftor þurh þet he wæs ðes kynges mæi..& þes eorles of Peitowe þa geaf se eorl him þone abbotrice of Sancte Iohns minstre of Angeli.
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B)149/8 : Wid þæt man læla & oþre sar of lichaman ȝedon, ȝenim þas wyrt.
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B)149/10 : Wið þat rencgwirmas embe þone nafelan derian, ȝenim þas ylcan wyrt absinthium & harahuna & elehtran, ealra ȝelice micel.
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)16/8 : Ic swiðlice syngode þurh þæt..ic nust buton hit swa wære swa ic iseah.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)5148 : Þær hatesst tu ȝunnc baþe, Þurrh þatt tu dosst ȝunnc baþe þær To gilltenn Godd onnȝæness.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)33 : Þe mon þe leie xii moneð in ane prisune nalde he ȝefen al þet he efre mahte biȝeten wið þet he moste xii beo ðer ut of?
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)35 : Nis nan sunne þet he [priest] ne con: oðer he heo wat ðurh þet he heo dude him seolf oðer he heo hafð i-escad oðer hafð ifunden on boke.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Roy 17.A.27)59/508 : Þe ilke is godes sune þe on-nont þet he godd wes ne mahte he drehen na deð.
- a1250(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Tit D.18)59/754,757 : Þah he were deadlich þurh þet he mon was onont his mannesse & deide..he ne losede na lif onont þet he godd was.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)13027 : Al þis ich wulle don and þine treoðe under-fon wið þat þu me lete liuien.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)2003 : Louerd, haue no more plith Of þat ich was þus greþed to-nith.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)111/20 : Þet is þet bread þet conforteþ..þe herte to þet hy by wel strang uor to..do grat þing uor godes loue.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)134/9 : He him [God] worssipeþ uerst ine þet he him lefþ simpleliche of al þet he zayþ.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)161/7 : Zix maneres of tyeres þet þe holy man heþ ine þise wordle..Þe uerste comeþ of þet me zyȝt þet me heþ god ofte ywreþed.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)472 : Ich..wole wiþ þe lede my lyf Euer on þat [vr. till] ilke stryf..Þorw sauhtnesse mowe sum ende take.
- a1400 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/1)p.52 : Non ne shal make burell-werk but ȝif he be of þe ffraunchyse of þe town, out-nome þat euerich fullere makye oon by ȝere.
- c1425 Mirror LM&W (Hrl 45)206/9 : Þe chirche wole abide into þat I come.
- (1444) RParl.5.121a : xii worthi Burgeys..shall be Aldermen..yevyng bi her wisdom..to the wele..and welfare of the seid Toun as ofte as thei be warned to come to the Gildehalle..And so to stonde and abyde for terme of her lyves, with that they dwell continuelli within the seid Toun.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)40 : I will sey more, with that thow conne me no magre.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)14428 (1st occurrence) : Fra þatt tatt Adam shapenn wass Anan till Noþess time..Wass all þe forrme time.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Dan.12.1 : And tyme shal cum, what maner was not, fro that sithen [WB(2): fro that tyme fro which] folkis bygunen for to be, vn to that tyme.
- c1450(?c1425) St.Eliz.Spalb.(Dc 114)116/41 (1st occurrence) : Þre dayes after þat atte þis was doon, þe forsayde Braban..visityd hir efte-sones.
c
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B)39/10 : Eft wyd þæt þe man on wamba forwexen si, seoð þane [we]ȝebrade swiðe & ete swiðe.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)447 (1st occurrence) : Godd itt haffde lokedd swa Þatt Sannt Johan Bapptisste Þatt time shollde streonedd ben..tatt te follc all þess te bett Hiss lare shollde follȝhenn, Þurrh þatt tatt teȝȝ himm sholldenn sen Ben borenn her to manne Þurrh Godess wille..& nohht þurrh moderr kinde.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)1422 (1st occurrence) : Cristess Goddcunndnesse comm Cwicc inntill heoffness wesste Wiþþ ure sinne, i þatt tatt Crist Toc dæþ forr ure sinne.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)4348 (1st occurrence) : Þatt daȝȝ wass þehhtennde daȝȝ Þatt Crist ras onne off dæþe, Affterr þatt tatt te wuke gaþ Amang Judisskenn þeode.
- a1200(?OE) Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)153 : Ech man shal understonden mede of his er dede and efter þat þe he meðegeð nu his dede shal eft ben meðeged his mede.
- a1300 PMor.(McC 123)318 : Sum þar haueþ lasse mureþe & sum þar haueþ more, Euere after þat þat he dude her, of þat þe he bisuanc sore.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)51/20 (1st occurrence) : Me zeneȝeþ be mete and be drinke: Oþer uor þet þet me eth and dryngþ to-uore time oþer to lostuolliche, [etc.].
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)105/26 (1st occurrence) : Al þe holynesse of man..is be þri þinges þet byeþ ine þe zaule, beþenchinge, onderstondynge and wyl ine þet þet þe zaule bi stedeuestliche yclenzed ine þe wylle, stedeuestliche aliȝt ine þe onderstondinge, stedeuestliche yuestned in god, mid god ine þe beþenchinge.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)220/36 (1st occurrence) : He him ssel loki be his miȝte wyþ-oute þet þet [Vices & V.(2): saue þat] he him moȝe marissi yef he wyle.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.3.20 (1st occurrence) : Adam clepide þe name of his wyf Eue þoru þat þat [WB(2): for; L eo quod] sche was moder of all þingez lyuing.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Jer.46.13 (1st occurrence) : Þe woord þat þe lord spac to Jeremye þe prophete vp on [WB(2): on] þat þat to comen was nabugodonosor..& to smyte þe lond of egipt: 'telleþ to egipt & herd makeþ in magdalo & eft sowne it in memphis, [etc.].'
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Mac.3.18 (1st occurrence) : Other men..camen out of housis, bysechynge with open bysechyng, for that that the place was to cummynge in to dispit.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)16/2 (1st occurrence) : Hit longide nouȝt to hym to deme & dele heritage by þe power þat he vsed in þat þat he was man y-schape forto dye.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)56 (1st occurrence) : Ilk a thyng þat God has wroght..Loves his maker and hym worshepes, In þat at he þe kynd right kepes.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)132/26 (1st occurrence) : He honoureþ hym [God] first in þat þat he leueþ hym al sympliche of al þat he seiþ.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)231/2 (1st occurrence) : Hou may thaire suerte be kept agains thaire enmyes..sauf oonly by that that [CQ(2): in lasse than] thaire voluntes ben in the puissaunce of oon chief?
- a1500(?a1471) ME Chart.Leic.VB in Bateson Rec.B.Leic.1150 (1st occurrence) : For that that the delayes of the Court..have been full long..Syr Edmund..hath ordeyned and purveied amendementes undrewreten.