As dem. adv. with temporal function: (a) with ref. to a past event or events or a period of time: at that time, during that time, then; also, with ref. to a specific day or year in the past: on that day, in that year; (b) with ref. to a contemporary event or time or conditions obtaining: at that very moment, at that (present) time, contemporaneously; also, subsequent to the present, at a future time [quot. c1384]; (c) with generalized ref. to the past: in those days [sometimes difficult to distinguish from (a)]; (d) with reduced force, used chiefly to provide a narrative setting: at that time, then; (e) with ref. to some unspecified time in the past: at a time other than the present;— usu. with nou used for contrast; also, at some time in the past as contrasted with the setting of the main narrative; ~..nou, nou..~.

In phrases: (a) ~ and ~, at one time and another, now and then, occasionally; ~ and ther, ~ ther, ther and ~, at that time and place; yet ~, still; (b) as (righte) ~, at that time, just then; (c) ~ nexte folwing, at the next occurrence, next (Monday, feast day, etc.).

As dem. adv. with nontemporal function, indicating the next item: (a) in a set of directions, a description of a process, etc.: after that, next; (b) in a list, a schedule of topics, or a series: after that, next;—also used to begin a list [quot. c1400]; also, then again [quot. c1175(?OE), 2nd]; (c) with respect to geographical location, location on the body, etc.: next.

Used in narratives: (a) to indicate a change of speakers in conversation: next in turn; (b) to indicate a consequent action, emotional reaction, etc.: thereupon; (c) to advance the narrative: next, then [sometimes difficult to distinguish from (b)].

As conjunctive adv.: (a) therefore; consequently; also, on that account; (b) thus, in such a way; so; (c) introducing a main clause of consequence or apodosis: it follows that, then;—also in consequence phrase [quot. c1230]; also introducing the 2nd clause in a paratactic construction, with swich adj. in the 1st [quot. a1325].

As conjunctive adv.: (a) under those circumstances, in that case [sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 3a.(a)]; (b) in parenthetic use with reduced semantic content; (c) with interrog. pron. in direct or indirect questions: under such circumstances; (d) hou (what) ~, given the case, what follows?; nou ~, given the case, now then [see also nou adv. 7.(g)].

As conjunctive adv.: (a) furthermore, moreover; (b) ~ yet, nevertheless [cp. the-yet adv. (b)].

As quasi-noun or pron. in temporal prep. phrases: after (bi, til, etc.) ~, after (by, until, etc.) that time [cp. than pron.(1) 1b.(a)]; bi ~ whanne, by the time when (sth. occurred).

As rel. adv. introducing adj. clauses: (a) with clauses of time: on which, at which time, when; (b) with nontemporal clauses: in which, when.

As subordinating conj. introducing adverbial clauses of time: (a) upon the attainment of a specific state or the fulfillment of specific conditions, as soon as, once; consequent upon some action, after; also, at such time as; (b) at the time when; also, just as, as; ~ the; (c) on such occasions as, whenever; (d) during the time when, while; ~ the.

As subordinating conj. introducing noun clauses of time: (a) functioning as subj. or subjective compl.: when; (b) functioning as obj. of prep.: er (bi, til) ~, bi (from, til) ~ that, before (by, until, from) the time when, before (by the time, until) [cp. than pron.(1) 3.(a); the comb. er ~ poses a special problem because of its etymological and semantic connection with than conj. 5a. & 5b., to which some or all of the er ~ quots. may belong].

As subordinating conj. introducing adverbial clauses expressing various logical relationships: (a) because, for [cp. for-than adv. & conj. 2.]; ~ that; (b) seeing that, since; (c) if [for an earlier ex. see sense 9.(a)]; (d) though, even though.

As subordinating conj. introducing a nontemporal noun clause functioning as subj. or subjective compl.: if when.

In temporal correl. constructions [a few quots. could also be construed as sense 9.]: (a) as subordinating conj. in subordinate clause and dem. adv. in main clause: ~..~, when..then; as soon as..then; also, whenever..then;—also with clauses inverted [quot. ?a1250]; after ~..~, after..then; (b) whanne (that)..~, sone whanne..~, when..then; as soon as..then; also, on such occasions as..then, whenever..then; (c) after (that)..~, after..then; as erli as..~, as sone as (that)..~, sone (as)..~, as soon as..then; tho (the)..~, when..then, as soon as..then; wher..~, whenever..then.

In correl. constructions expressing a logical relationship: (a) as subordinating conj. in subordinate clause and dem. or conjunctive adv. expressing consequence or result in main clause: ~..~, if..it follows that, if..then [a few quots. could also be construed as sense 8.(a)];—also with clauses inverted [1st quot.]; also, because..it follows, since..then [quot. c1330]; (b) if (and, whanne)..~, were it the case that..it follows, if..then; —also with clauses inverted [quot. a1225, 2nd]; ther..~, inasmuch as..then, since..then; though..~..~..though, even though..then, if..then; (c) for-than (sitthe, sitthen, sitthenes) ..~, because..therefore.

(a) Error for sone adv.; (b) error for ther adv.; (c) ?error for ther-on adv.