Middle English Dictionary Entry
tempten v.
Entry Info
Forms | tempten v. Also tempt(e, temt, (chiefly N) temp(e & (early SW & SWM) tempti; pl. tempten, etc. & (N) tempise; p. tempted(e, etc. & tempte; pl. tempted(en, temptiddin; ppl. tempted(e, etc. & itempted, itemptet, itemted, itented & tempt. |
Etymology | L temptāre, temtāre, tentāre & OF tenter, tempter, AF temter. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. attempten v.
1.
(a) To test the character, endurance, strength, etc. of (sb.); test (one's soul, someone's wisdom, etc.); (b) to test God or Christ; also, test the patience, forbearance, etc. of (God); subject (Christ) to difficult or ensnaring questions; (c) ?to provoke (God to be angry).
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ex.16.4 : I schall reyne to ȝou loues fro heuen..þat I tempte [WB(2): asaie; L temptem] hym wheþer he go in my law or none.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Par.9.1 : Þe queen of Saba..hadde herd þe loos of Salamon; sche cam þat sche tempte hym in dotowse questiouns.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ecclus.37.30 : In thi lif tempte þou thi soule.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.452 : This markys..longeth so To tempte his wyf hir sadnesse for to knowe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5030 : Lauerd..tempted [Göt: tempt; Trin-C: temptidest] abraham..Of his aun sun offrand to mak.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)903 : I schulde not tempte þy wyt so wlonc.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)103 : Hym was hyr wyll to tempe þat tym.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)2889 : Oure lord..cam to tempte here harde hertis & here vnbeleue, For þat he ros fro deth to lyue þei beleued it non eþe.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)35/2 : For to assey hym and forto tempe hym, he said, [etc.].
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)428/10 : Hit were shame to tempte hym ony more, for his horse is wery and hymselff both.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)78/37 : Tempt also thy counseilers in yiftes and rewardis makyng to tham.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ex.17.2 : Whi tempte [WB(2): tempten] ȝe þe lord?
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Deut.6.16 : Þou shalt not tempte þe lord þy god, as þou hast tempted [WB(2): temptidist] in þe place of temptynge.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.6.39 : Ne waxe not wrooþ þy woodnes aȝeyns me ȝif ȝet onys y tempte [WB(2): asaie, that is, axe a signe], a tookne sechynge in þe fluys.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.22.18 : Thanne Pharisees..token a counseile that thei shulden take Jhesus in word..thei senden..her disciplis..seiynge..'Is it leful to ȝeue to Cesar..tribut?'..Jhesus seith..'What tempten ȝee me?'
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))John 8.6 : Thei seiden this thing temptinge him, that thei myȝten accuse him.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)59/6 : Whosoeuere is so set an heiȝ on þe piler and wol not go doun on þe grees to holde þe ten hestis, tempteþ God.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)1 Cor.10.9 : Nethir tempte we Crist, as summe of hem temptiden.
- a1425 LOL (Wnds E.I.I)78/13 : Oþere of þe scribis..tempteden & axeden him a signe fro heuene.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.111 : It was writun þat noon shulde tempte þe Lord his God.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)86/17 : Þe good spirit schulde nat aske ne require of God noo þinge þat is merveilous..that is to seye, to tempte God.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)77.21 : Thai tempte god that puttis thaim selfe in any perill forto fande if god will delyuer thaim.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.61 : Holye fadrys hereaforn temptyddyn God and askyddyn tokenys and myraclys to confirmacioun of othere mennys feyȝt and to the wurshepe of God.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)812 : A greet þondre and a leuene..smote þe iiij men to þe grounde Þat tempted god.
c
- a1450(1411) Many man (Dgb 102)106 : Thow temptest me to be wraþþeful ay.
2.
(a) Of the devil, flesh, etc.: to incite (sb., the soul, will, etc.) to evil or sin; also, tempt someone to sin; lure someone (from God's law); ben tempted, be incited to sin; also, be drawn (to sb.) to sin [quot. a1500 Ancr.TSenses]; ppl. temptinge, inciting (the mind) to sin; of the devil: enticing to evil; of a sight: alluring, seductive; ppl. tempted, incited to sin; also, as noun: one who is tempted to sin; (b) of the devil: to tempt (Christ); (c) to entice (sb. to pride, covetousness, etc.); (d) to incite (sb. or his heart to do sth.), stir.
Associated quotations
a
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)118/9 : Godd..nule..neauer suffrin þet te deouel tempti us ouer þet he sið wel þet we mahen þolien.
- c1230 Ancr.(Corp-C 402)102/14 : Þe feorðe is presumtio, Þe..is to ouertrusti up o godes grace..to bald up on ei mon þet is fleschlich as heo is & mei beon itemptet.
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)101/2 : Strongliche was he itented er he so ueolle.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)5.195 : Ȝe abbesse Sara was þrittene ȝere to gyders inpugned and i-tempted of a fende.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)6.179 : Whanne he were i-tempted of his flesche, he wolde holde wiþ hym a faire mayde in his bed while he seide þe sawter.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)18b/b : Þe fend..temptiþ þe eres by song & melodye..temptiþ þe tonge &..temptiþ þe hond of hem.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)19a/b : Þe olde enemye [devil] temptith, as it were counsailinge, & puttiþ forþ likynge þinges and vnlaweful.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)7509 : Þe fende may nat but tempte þy wyl.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)8486 : Y fele a ful hard prykyl Þat my flesshe tempteþ me mykyl.
- a1400 12 PTrib.(1) (Roy 17.B.17)47 : Tribulacion..stoppis þo deuels mouthe, þat he ne dar speke ne tempte þo soule.
- c1400(1375) Canticum Creat.(Trin-O 57)306 : Þy womman þo temptide y.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Deeds 5.3 : Whi hath Sathanas temptid thin herte, that thou lye to the Hooli Goost?
- (1435) Misyn FL (Corp-O 236)2/36 : Fylthis of flesch crepys tempynge restfull myendys.
- (1435) Misyn FL (Corp-O 236)27/17 : Iff any man holily lyue & riȝtwysly..warst synnars despise he nott; Þai treuly tempyd fall, for þai haue no grace of gaynstandynge.
- c1440 Rolle Encom.Jesu (Thrn)5/17 : I haue na wondyr if þe temptid fall þat puttes noghte þe name of Ihesu in lastande mynde.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)94/27 : Þe temptyng fend is so feble þat he may ouercome noone but þoo þat wul be ȝolden to him.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)15 : Manye of oure natural wrecchidnessis..mowe not be knowun to be wrecchidnessis but if þe lawe of god be bifore knowe fro whiche þei tempten and drawen.
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)43/21 : It myght be welle that I schulde..be temptyd of fendys or I dyede.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)2/14 : Hafe no mervell at þou..be tempid with syn.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)147/13 : Also keping of þe outeward wittes þat nouþer ben seyn ne herd ne touchid wich þat shuld tempte.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)361 : Þe flesche of man..wyll I tempte.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)55.1 : The deuel..neuyre styntis to temp thi seruauntis.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.154 : Whi suffreþ God hym [devil] so muche to tempten mankynde?
- a1500 Ancr.TSenses (Roy 8.C.1)4/24 : Sum man..rouȝt neuer þouȝ sum woman wer temped towerd hym.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)7306 : Þre enemyes we haue..Vs to tempte..Oure owne flesshe, þe world, þe fende.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)7688 : But and þe herte were strong of might To wiþstonde þat tempting sight, [etc.].
b
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)54/18 : Crist..wente into desert to be tempted of þe deuel.
- a1425(?a1350) Nicod.(1) (Glb E.9)1334 : His fourty dayes when he had fast, þat tyme him tempid [vr. tempte] I.
- a1425(?c1400) Wycl.PN(2) (Hrl 2398)107 : Þe devel temptede Crist, to make him to synne in glotenye and veynglorie and coveytyse.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.109 : Þe fend bigan to tempte first Crist at pryde and glotonye.
- ?a1425(?c1350) NHom.(3) Pass.(RwlPoet 175)26 : To wildernes he went in hy And temped our lord.
- c1450 Cursor (Add 36983)1656/170 : Iesus after his fastyng long Was temtid [Trin-C: temptide] wiþ þe sprit wrong.
- c1425 Wycl.Antichr.(2) (Dub 245)p.cxxviii : Crist was in þe hilles..tempted of þe feende.
c
- c1390 Whon Men beoþ (Vrn)134 : In-to þis world whon we beþ brouȝt, We schul be tempt to couetyse.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.352 : A man bithynketh hym wheither he wol doon or no thilke thyng to which he is tempted.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)19a/b : Fendis..temptiþ glad men to lecherye.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)127/9 : He..began to tempe hur vnto syn.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.217 : Whan a man is ded he schal nout ben temptyd to swyche pryde.
d
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Deeds 5.3 : Why hath Sathanas temtid thin herte, thee for to lye to the Hooly Gost?
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)8886 : At hym [devil] þey [women] lerne alle To tempte men yn synne to falle.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)56/19 : He tempteþ somme wommen of religioun to þenke where þei mowe haue ony lordis douȝtres or sones to teche hem curtesie.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)98 : Þe..hevene goodus..So awecchen my wit..Þat i mai stinte no stounde stille in o place Þat i ne am temted ful tid to turne me þennus.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)160/38 : She had tempted hym to synne with hure.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)213/9 : Yf..any of tho messagers be y-temptid to geddyr mony..refuse hym atte al poyntes.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4449 : Þis lyuyatan..To our fader the first felle in Envy, And put hym to peradise..To tempt hom with trayn..To forfet þat faire place & offense make.
3.
In phrase: ~ to (unto) tene, to cause (sb.) distress; ben tempted, of persons or the soul: be disquieted or perturbed; also, be frightened; ppl. temptinge as adj.: distressing.
Associated quotations
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.6377 : Phyryns..was..the faireste Of Rome..That wel was hire which him mihte Beholde..Thus was he tempted ofte sore.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)283 : When he [God] knew uche contre coruppte in hitselven..Felle temptande tene towched his hert.
- a1425(?a1350) 7 Sages(2) (Glb E.9)3139 : Þai war so temped..Þare þai durst no lenger bide.
- a1450 Hilton Epistle CF (Add 33971)308/44 : Þou art taryed & temped so as many newe turned are, ffor qwen þai fele slyke pynefull bytynge of þaire conscience efter shryft, þai trowe noght þat þai are soyled.
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)69/20 : When a saule es tempted, trubled, & lefte to itselfe be vnreste than es it tyme to pray.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)14475 : Your tales tempyse [vr. tempes] me to tene more þen doles þat I dre ylk day.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)14611 : More ȝe tempe me vnto tene.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)190/14 : The more we be temptede wyth greuouse truble of fleschly thoghtes, so mych more we owe to entende bysily to prayer.
4.
(a) To try (to do or be sth.), attempt; (b) to venture upon (the sea); (c) to make an attempt on the life of (sb.), assail; attack (the strength of a battle position); ~ ayenes, attempt any action against (an institution); (d) to undertake an action, do something; also, engage in (a practice).
Associated quotations
a
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Mac.2.24 : We temptiden or assayeden for to abregge in to oo boke thingus comprehendid of Jason of Cyrenen in fyue bookis.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Mac.11.19 : Y shal tempte for to be cause of good thingis to ȝou.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)2 Mac.9.2 : He temptide for to robbe the temple.
- c1450(a1449) Lydg.SSecr.(Sln 2464)577 : I holde hym but a fool, lyk hym that temptith..To stonde vp ryght On a thre foot stool.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.47/21 : If oony persone of the church or seculer this writyng of our confirmacion will tempte frowardly to come agaynste hit, [etc.].
- a1500 Let.Alex.(Wor F.172)311 : At the lift side of his Realme was..habundaunt with Reedis, by the whiche, whan we tempted to passe bi, [etc.].
b
- a1450(1408) Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)184/20 : Into þe myddes of May hit is perilous and vnsiker to tempte or to asaye þe see.
- a1500 Let.Alex.(Wor F.172)303 : I went to the west occean see to Rowe or to shippe..that hercules and free sones wern hardy and redy to tempt.
c
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Mac.13.18 : The kyng..temptide hardynessis of placis.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.5337 : Asmod..was a fend of helle And serveth..To tempte a man of such a wise.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)676/21 : Yf ony persone of the chirche or seculere, knowyng the writyng of thise lettres his ordeynyng, tempte frowardly ayenst hit..he shold lakke the dignyte of his worshippe.
d
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.1300 : The craft..That Geomance cleped is Fulofte he useth..And of the flod his Ydromance, And of the fyr the Piromance, With questions echon of tho He tempteth ofte.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)15 : To spek of þe cursyng of þe kirke..þat þis be ritful..be howfiþ þe kirk to temt warly.
5.
?To call upon (heaven, earth, etc.), appeal to.
Associated quotations
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.1259 : Whan that love assoteth sore..His pourpos for he wolde achieve..He tempteth hevene and erthe and helle.
6.
Error for semen v.(2).
Associated quotations
- c1475 Lydg.HGS (Hrl 2251)p.120 : Ther was a kyng..Whiche cast awey crowne and purpur wede Bicause that he knew nat boon from boon; Of poor ne riche hym tempte [Lnsd: sempte] they were aloon.