Middle English Dictionary Entry
specifīen v.
Entry Info
Forms | specifīen v. Also specifi(e, specefie, speciffie, spesiffien, spesephie; p. specified(e, etc. & spisiffiid; ppl. specified, etc. & ispecefied, speceffied, specefid, specifiet, spesefieit & (error) specied. |
Etymology | From OF especefiier, specefier, specifier, AF espesefier. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. especifien v.
1.
(a) To speak specifically, make plain, say explicitly; ~ of (o), make explicit mention of (sth.); (b) in parenthetical clauses, freq. introduced by as or if; i dar wel ~, I dare well say; as i dar ~, as I dare say; if i shal ~, if I shall say; as poetes specifie, as poets say, as poets assert; etc.; (c) ?to appear specifically, be specifically apparent; -- in as clause; (d) to state (sth.) plainly, state explicitly; say (certain specified words); demonstrate (sth.); -- also with clause as obj.; (e) ppl. specified, mentioned; beforen (toforen) specified, previously mentioned; (f) to list (chapters of a book, parts of armor, etc.); (g) to explain (sth.), clarify; describe (sth.) in detail, set out, discuss; -- also with clause as obj.; (h) to set forth (a story, song, prophecy).
Associated quotations
a
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)27959 : Forthermar o þis lecheri Agh i þe noght to specifie.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.715 : Þe stori bereth witnes, And of his deth doth pleinly specefie.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)4974 : Þat oignement is of more maistrie Þan manye men can specifie.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2534 : The ferst, if I schal specefie, Was lapis vegetabilis.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.981 : Riche eban..most is able, as I dar specefye, With stoon to Ioyne by craft of carpentrie.
- (1425) Paston (EETS)1.3 : A prest..told me þat he yede with yow to þe cardinales hous..to espie if any swych processe were sued ageyn me, as þe seyd lettres specifien.
- ?1435(1432) Lydg.Hen.VI Entry (Jul B.2)421 : For next to Paulis, I dar well specefye, Is the partye moste chieff and princypall.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)5.3120 : For tragedie, as poetes spesephie, Gynneth with ioie, eendith with aduersite.
- c1450(a1449) Lydg.SSecr.(Sln 2464)993 : Thou must first Conceyven in substaunce..Watir from Eyr..As philisoffres Aforn haue Speceffyed.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)13.49 : The qweene gr[e]teth þe wel, And thus the [?read: she] sente to seyne Eche del, As this lettre doth Spesephie.
- (1465-6) Doc.in Welch Hist.Pewterers Lond.33 : Wardenys made ther A compt..of soche goodis and tresur beyng yn ther handis..as it spisiffiyd in ther a compt wt other orlemynts as it aperith in þe seyde a compt.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)1727 : Yt [staff] tokeneth..That thow shalt ther-with governe The peplys (I dar wel specefye) Commyttyd to thy prelacye.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)11099 : I wolde knowe (Yiff ye lyst to specefye) What your ffetherys sygnefye.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)354/12 : The age was of..Marye..thre score yer, as scripture dothe specyfye.
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.KEng.(1) (Hrl 372)175 : Edward..xix yeer heelde heer his regalye, Buried at Gloucestr, bookis [vr. as bokes] specifye.
- a1500(1439) Lydg.Sts.AA (Lnsd 699)457 : Clenesse longith the every gentyl knyht, As ther bathyng dooth pleynly specifye.
c
- c1500(1446) Morstede Surgery (Hrl 1736)112 : In sum places of mannys body & [?read: a] wayne ys deffendyd fro the arteryes, as yt specyfyes in the opyne schewynge of the armys.
d
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.866 : It nedeth noght to specefie Or speke oght more in this matiere.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.545 : Þis boke doth vs specifye How it be-fel forth of þis navie.
- a1450(c1433) Lydg.St.Edm.(Hrl 2278)431/1038 : Thus onto hym Edmund gan specefie: 'Haue thyn axyng, haue heer thy tribut.'
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)9.97 : Thei cam..Hym to visite, to shewe & specefie He was the prophete that callid was Messie.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)471 : Tho deedis so in comoun or in general and large fourme bi him expressid ben to be vnderstonde and ben to be specied [read: specified] and ben to be restreyned into the maners and circumstauncis in which oonli thei ben weernable or worthi be werned bi resoun.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)1512 : We schal be sped, as fer as þat oure bille Wole specifie þe fecte [vr. effect] of our wylle.
- c1450(?c1408) Lydg.RS (Frf 16)2451 : Poetis specifye That goddys of her surquedye Purposede..To wrastle with this Champyon, But he..Cast hem to the erthe lowe.
- c1480(1422) Lydg.SD (Add 48031)50/34 : Pleinly to declare & specifie the trouthe, he mighte nevur atteigne taryve at his luste.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1227/3 : The lettirs specifyed that kynge Arthur was slayne in batayle with sir Launcelot.
- c1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Tbr A.7)18607 : Alle that thow doste specyffye Is but ffalsehed and ffantesye.
- c1525 Rule & T.St.Francis(2) (Fst D.4)578 : Yt is laufulle for the bretherne to shew and specefie ther necessiteis.
e
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.3599 : Herry þe Fyfþe, to-forn y-specefied..his name may be magnified.
- c1450(?a1422) Lydg.LOL (Dur-U Cosin V.2.16)4.246 : This is the name of prophetez specifiede In her writynge.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)140 : Thai haue not so much ffredome..nor be entreted by so ffauerable lawes as we be, except a ffewe regions be ffore specified.
- a1500 Bollard Grafting (Sln 686)30 : Putrefaccion must nedes haue place in..eiþer equinoccio specefied.
f
- (a1400) *Harmony Gospels [OD col.] (Bod 771)Prol. : Here..biginneþ a table þat specifieþ euery chapitre..in þis book.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)2664 : Ȝif I shuld in ordre specifie Euery pes longyng to armure..It wer in soth almost a dayes werk.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)29/4 : The secunde chapitil ys..how vertues ben wrouȝt in man by som mene of his neiȝbore; and foorþ of þe same matere as it is specifyed yn the kalender.
- a1475 Perilous Days in EETSES 91 (Add 5467)p.188 : Hit is Right parellows a mane forto begynne any newe warkes vpon the Mondays which bene clerly here specified.
g
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.1407 : Bot who that cowthe specefie What tho fell in his fantasie..It were a wonder forto hiere.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.3125 : Þis worþi kyng..Gan to declare his hertis mocioun, And his menynge a-forn hem specifie.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.5434 : Tonge is noon þat may specefie Þe grete swetnes of her goodly song.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)1529 : Adrastus..gan preie deuoutly on his book To the goddes his dreme to specefie.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)1835 : For of twa [reasons] I spak first generaly, Now I wille with other twa þam specify.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)47b/b : Of þe whiche þe helpinges and þe maner ben more specified in Ihesu de Oculis..and in oþer special bokes of yȝen.
- (1440) Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)3970 : Anothir miracule schal I now specyfye.
- c1450(a1400) Lavynham Treat.7 Dead.Sins (Hrl 211)19/35 : Seynt Gregory specifyeth in þe same place fyue manerys wherby a man may fallyn in to glotonye.
- c1450(?c1400) 3 KCol.(1) (Cmb Ee.4.32)46/14 : Þe namys of her kyngdoms be specified in special for difference of oþir citees and yles þat be þere aboute in þe contrey.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)119 : Hit nedith not now to specifie mo of the harmes which comyth to a reaume bi the pouerte of þer kynge.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)115/35 : The nynghe [chapter] specyfyith þe hyndrauns þat folow carnal appetytis.
h
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.3316 : Wherof a tale in Poesie I thenke forto specefie.
- ?1435(1432) Lydg.Hen.VI Entry (Jul B.2)210 : They beganne to synge..This same roundell, which I shall now specyfye.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)928 : Then was fulfild þat prophecy that I to specify now wol fonde.
2.
(a) To name (sb. or sth.) specifically, specify, identify; stipulate (sth.), esp. in a legal document; require (sth.) as part of an agreement; set (a time, place) for something, arrange expressly; ~ of, stipulate (sth.) as part of an agreement; aboven (aforen) specified, stipulated above (previously), aforesaid; biforen specified, previously agreed upon; (b) to prescribe (sth.); direct (that sth. be done); (c) to emphasize (sb. or sth.) in one's teaching or preaching; (d) to distinguish (sb. by sth.); specify (a number) exactly; ~ to, pick out (sb.), select; (e) to mean (sth.), signify; of a language: use (a particular word, a name).
Associated quotations
a
- (1415) Reg.Chichele in Cant.Yk.S.42 (Lamb 69)46 : I..have ȝeven and ygraunded ȝow..al my good and catell specified and declared in a roll unto my forsaide lettre of ȝift and graunt attached.
- a1425 LOL (Wnds E.I.I)44/14 : He [Joseph], aloone of hem þat werin specified to whom he [bishop] ouȝte wedde þe Virgin, brouȝte not his ȝerde.
- (1425) RParl.4.304a : In ye forsaid Graunte hit is not specified ne determyned howe ne in what wise..ye Merchantz shulden prouve ye losse of Wolle.
- (1426) Paston2.507 : Walter schuld kepe his day be-fore þe Chauncelere specefyd in þe wryt.
- (1427) RParl.4.326b : Grauntyng you..certain pouoir, ye wich is specified and conteined in an Act of ye said Parlement.
- (1434) Proc.Privy C.4.213 : It lyked you in þe maner & forme specified and contened at longe in þe foresaid writyng.
- (c1435) Let.Christ Ch.in Camd.n.s.1912 : They seyn, for as moche as your acquytance specifies of parcell of a gretter summe due unto you before tyme..therefore..hit were best for yow to make iij or iiij acquytaunces.
- (1438) EEWills112/1 : That this my last wyll & testament be fullfilled & acomplesshid of all my goodys & catelles not bequethyn ne specefied, I make..Gyles of Brugge..William Prelett..my trew and lawfull executours.
- (1447-8) in Willis & C.Cambridge 1370 : In euery corner of the said quadrant shal be ij corner toures..And atte the ouer ende of the halle the Provostes loggyng, that is to wete moo than the chambres aboue for hym specified, a parlour oon the ground.
- (1448) Doc.in Sundby Dial.Wor.(Eg Charter 608)254 : For the seid mariage to be mad and don as hit is abouespecifiet, the seid Thomas shall pay or do pay vnto the seid John x li. yerly.
- (1448) Doc.in Sundby Dial.Wor.(Eg Charter 608)255 : That the Kyng..graunt his letters patens..en the maner and Forme abouespesefieit.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)342/147 : Þe day is come Þat are was specified.
- (c1452) Complaint Scrope in Scrope Castle Combe281 : Item, for plate and stuffe of myn, the which is specyfied in myn owne fadris testament to me bequethed, [etc.].
- (1458) Will York in Sur.Soc.30227 : Sir Thomas..chargith the said William..to..execute ye same wille as is abofe specified, an in noon other wise.
- (1461) RParl.5.463b : The same Anne, wedded unto Richard..the Son of the seid Edmund Langley, the fyft goten Son of the seid Kyng Edward the third, as it is afore specifyed, had issue.
- (1462) Paston (EETS)1.109 : The seid Paston hath no very knowlech..except of such parcellis as he reseyvid..wherof the parcellis be specified in a note of an indenture wretyn vpon the bak of this bille.
- (1464) RParl.5.569a : Please it youre noble grace..to commaunde the Coroners..to make Proclamation..that every persone havyng enheritaunce or free hold by patent..be afore the seid Commissioners..at the day and place in the seid Warantes specified.
- (1472-3) RParl.6.20b : The seid John Maydenwell, for certeyn offences in the same Acte specifyed, shuld stond and be convicte of high Treason.
- (1473) RParl.6.92a : Provided alwey that this Acte of Resumption..extend not nor..be..prejudiciall to oure trusty..servaunt Edward Brampdon Squier, for any Graunte..by us unto hym..made, by whatsoever name or names the seid Edward be named and specified in the same.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)558/21 : The parcels ben I-specified in an origynall charter fully.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)137 : The people off his lande woll be well wyllunge to graunte hym a subsidie, vppon suche comodites off his reaume as bith be ffore specified.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Pseudo-F.(Dub 245)298 : Cristen men shulden be war in here speche aȝen freris, &, for somme ben goode and somme euele, men shulden specifie þise euele, & not reproue good wiþ euele.
- -?-(1459) Will in Som.RS 16192 : All this performed that before is specified, I charge my said feoffees..that they relesse..all suche astate as they haue in the said Lande.
b
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)55.237 : Thus the lettres Gonnen specefye that this Castel scholde ben Clepid Corbenie.
- (1462) Duties Diacon.in Sharp Illustr.Papers123 : The dekyn..schall ryng won bell ym selfe a sartayn space, as ye ordynall spesyffythe.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)168/12 : Take..of rede rosis one rot..and putty alle þis in tenne rotyis of fresch and cler watyr; Aftyr þat haue be, putte in thys seyd medycine of þe watir of elcorenge half a rot..and of watir as is specyfyid.
c
- ?c1450(?a1400) Wycl.Clergy HP (Lamb 551)387 : He tauȝte his prestis to be procuratouris for nedy peple & pore at þe ryche men, & specifyed þes pore, & tauȝte how þai þat wer myȝty schuld make a purviance for syche pore folke.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.67 : In general he bad hym kepyn alle þe teen comaundmentys..he specyfyid more þe preceptys of þe secunde table þan of þe ferste.
d
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.1750 : A king..mai wel be signefied Be his corone and specified.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Conf.(Dub 245)341 : Antecrist..seiþ þat crist telliþ in þe gospel how crist specified to petre to ȝyue hym þe keyes of heuen.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)1953 : Ther cowde no man the nowmber specifie.
e
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.5555 : Belȝebub he named was also, Whiche name is made of wordis two: Of Bel & ȝebub, þat þus signefie, For Bel is god and ȝebub is a flye, Þan Belȝebub to-gidre specefies, Ioyned in on, þe grete god of flyes.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)17649 : My thrydde hand..With the wych I ber the ffyle, I shal..Declare to the (in substaunce) What thyng yt doth specefye.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)2.279 : For men calle somme ydoles Beel, somme Baal, somme Baalim, specifienge somme names, as somme men Beelzabub, somme men Beelphegor.
- a1500(?c1440) Lydg.HGS (Lnsd 699)60 : In Duche, a rudder is a knyght; Aragon tunge doth also specifie Caualaro.