Middle English Dictionary Entry
shọ̄n v.
Entry Info
Forms | shọ̄n v. Also sho(en, shoi(e(n, shoiʒen, showe & (early) scoig; ppl. shoenge, (early) sheoʒinde, sheoiende, sheoinde; p. shodde; pl. shod(e, scodden, (early) scoiden, soide; ppl. i)shod(de, i)shode, ishọ̄d(e, shọ̄d(de, shọ̄ed, shoʒed, shoiwed, ishoud, scot, shed, (SEM) sod, (N) scod & shọ̄n & (early) ishoed, isheoed, iscod. |
Etymology | OE scōgan, scōgian, scēogan; for p.pl. scodden & p.ppl. scod, scot perh. also cp. ON: cp. OI skūa; for p.ppl. in -dd- cp. LOE unsceoddum, pl.dat. of unscōd, p.ppl. of unscōgian. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To put shoes on (sb., oneself, a statue); provide (sb.) with shoes; also fig.; cover the feet of (sb. with sth.); also, cover (the feet with sth.); -- used fig.; hosen and ~; (b) ppl. shod, wearing shoes; furnished with or having shoes; shod in, of feet: covered with (silver shoes); also fig.; also, covered in (a particular way); -- used fig.; shod men, men with shoes on, dry-footed men; shod with, wearing (sandals); also, of feet: covered with (silver shoes); hosed and shod [see also hosen v.(b)]; wet shod, wearing wet shoes; (c) to shoe (a horse); -- also without obj.; shoe (an animal with a horseshoe, gold, etc.); ~ upon, shoe (an animal with sth.); ppl. shod, shod; neue shod; roughe shod, roughshod; (d) of talons and claws: to cover (the feet of a bird); ppl. shod, of a horse's foot: covered (by the hoof); (e) ppl. shod, of a stake, club, etc.: covered on the end, edge, etc. (with metal); of a shovel or fork: covered with metal on the edge, tip, etc.; iren shod, of a stake: tipped or shod with an iron band; (f) ppl. shod, of a cart: furnished with iron tires or with projecting studs on the tires; (g) in proverbs; ~ the gos, to waste one's time; (h) in surnames.
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)26/33 : Se ængel cwæð, 'Begyrd þe, & scoig þe, & folge me.'
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)12/23 : Her efter scheoiende [Nero: scheoinde; Cleo: scheoʒinde] ow & claðinde ow, seggeð Pater noster.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1138 : Hwat sholde ich with wif do? I ne may hire fede ne cloþe ne sho.
- a1350 Of Rybaudʒ (Hrl 2253)24 : Sene is on is browe ant on is eʒe-brewe þat he louseth a losynger & shoyeþ a shrewe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)298a/b : Apes..schoen hemself wiþ schoon þat hunters leuen.
- c1400 Bible SNT(1) (Selw 108 L.1)Eph.6.15 : Schoyeþ ʒoure fet in greyþynge of þe euangelye of pees.
- a1425(c1384) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ezek.16.10 : I..shodde thee with [WB(2): in] iasynct.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)447 : Schoyn, or don on schon: Calceo.
- c1450 In a valey (Lamb 853)50 : Loue haþ sched [vr. shod] me wondir streite, Boclid my feet..With scharp naile.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)113b : To Schoo: Calciare.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.101 : Þey shooyn noone ymagys ne clothyn hem so rychely but þey ernyn ferst here shoon and here clothys.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.309 : He byddit us schoyʒyn our feet into þe dyʒtynge of þe gospel of pes.
- a1500 Add.37075 Gloss (Add 37075)99/335a : Calseo: to hosyn and shoyn.
b
- c1230 Ancr.(Corp-C 402)214/14 : Ischeoed ne slepe ʒe nawt.
- ?a1300 Sirith (Dgb 86)320 : Euele I-cloþed I se þe go And euele I-shoed.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3149 : Ilc folc is to fode framen..sod and girt, stondende.
- ?c1350 Why werre (Peterh 104)p.25 : I byshrew hym for that, perdou, Bothe hosed and shod, For his werke.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.11.15 : He shal smyten hym in seuene ryueres so þat þei passen þurʒ hym shod men.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mark 6.9 : He..comaundide hem that thei schulde not take ony thing in the weye..but schoon with sandalies.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Eph.6.15 : Stonde ʒe..schood the feet in makynge redy of the gospel of pees.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.411 : They..gooþ i-hosed and i-schod.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)128b/a : Þe Ebrewes were j-gurd and j-schodde whenne þey schulde ete þerof.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)6071 : Lok þat þai be scod, ilkan þis lamb sal ete, and barfote nan.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)20215 : Scho was schod [Trin-C: shed] and neu clad.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)427 : She was clothed and eke shod [F chaucie], As she were..Yolden to Relygioun.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)2/23 : Sain benet..sais..þat tine fete be shod in riht gate..in his tretes þat þu ga, til his rengne þat þu may cume.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)48a/b : Pedicatus: shoywed.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)447 : Schod, as men: Calceatus.
- a1450 7 Sages(3) (Cmb Dd.1.17)3453 : To that ilke blysse brynge us Gode That never in erth ʒed schodde.
- ?a1450 Sel.Rosarium Theol.(Cai 354/581)88/21 : He, forsoþ, þat profiteþ to hymself and to holy chirche is wele vnderstanden schodde of boþe þe fete.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)98 : Pray I Jesus God That dreme he barefot, dreme he shod, That every harm..Befalle hym.
- c1450 Treat.Fish.(Yale 171)139/1 : He cummet home at even, reyn beton..wetschod..suche grevys..to the hunter hapeth.
- c1475(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)98 : Þerfor tak we þe armor of God..þe feet schod in þe making redy of Cristis gospel of pes.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.101 : Here [saints' images'] feet been shoodde wyt syluer.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.101 : Þe feet so shoyd in syluer shewyn þat þe loue and þe affeccioun of meen of holy cherche is mechil seth in gold.
- a1500 Þou þt sellest (StJ-C G.28)2 : Be þou berfot, be þou schod, Cum neuere here.
- 1532(?a1400) RRose (Thynne)7461 : So bene..al freres, shodde and bare..Ful hooly men.
c
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)11124 : Heo wipeden hors leoue mid linnene claðe, heo sceren, heo scoiden [Otho: soide hire stedes].
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.395 : He..schodde [Higd.(2): schoenge] his mules wiþ silver.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.127 : He made also þe mule..for to be schodde uppon wiþ gold.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)2.128 : Þanne..fauel..Sette mede on a shirreue, shod [vr. schoʒed; B vrr. shoed, I-schoud] al newe.
- (c1400) Higd.(1) (Hrl 1900)7.515 : He made to schoye [vr. showe] with gold his mule.
- (1409) Mem.Bk.York in Sur.Soc.125177 : No man of the sayd crafte take no hors for to sho.
- (1417) J.Dernell in Nrf.Archaeol.15132 : After none, schod oure hors.
- (1429) J.Boys in Nrf.Archaeol.15151 : In ledyndynge of vytayle, we schode hour hors.
- (1429) J.Boys in Nrf.Archaeol.15152 : We axelyn oure carte and scoddyn oure hors aforn none.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)7.761 : Nero..Made his mules be shod with siluer shoone.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)447 : Schod, as hors: Ferratus, babbatus.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)447 : Schoyn hors: Ferro.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.538 : Old spartea, that beestis with beeth shood, To spryng among the dowuys is ful good.
- a1450(a1400) Athelston (Cai 175/96)377 : And loke..A fresch hors þat I fynde, Schod and noþyng bare.
- c1450 *Bk.Marchalsi (Hrl 6398)12a : He be shod with a scho wyth heyʒe caukyns.
- a1475 Bk.Courtesy (Sln 1986)616 : For yche a hors þat ferroure schalle scho, An halpeny on day he takes hym to.
- a1486 Jousts of Peace (Mrg M 775)40 : A Goode Cowrscer and row schode [vr. new shodd] wt a softe bytte.
- a1500 Add.37075 Gloss (Add 37075)104/344b : Farro: to sho a hors.
- a1500 Henley Husb.(Sln 686)46 : Þe hors..moste haue..in shoynge, as often tymis as he is shode on all iiij fete, iiij d. at þe leste.
- a1525(?1436) Cov.Leet Bk.185 : The smythes of this Cite shall..show straungers horsies.
d
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)52a/b : In foules and briddes þe hornes & þe nailes kepiþ & schoen [L calceant] þe feet.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)4.815 : Gret rowme his [stallion's] body holde..Ybrestid brode..With holgh horn high yshood, saad foot & swift.
e
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3905 : Þa Bruttes..nomen longen ræftres..mid stronge irene heo weoren iscod.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)675 : At aiþer entre was, iwys, Straytly wroght a portculis, Shod wele with yren and stele And also grunden wonder wele.
- (1443) Proc.Privy C.5.257 : Of shovelys, cc shoed.
- (1446) Invent.Lytham in Chet.n.s.6080 : iiij forkes, quereof iij are Shodde & j bare.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)4613 : Longe pyles & grete dide þey make; ffaste yn Temese dide þey hem stake, Euerylkon wyþ iren schod.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)4637 : Iren-schod was ilka peel.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)47b : Weþeres, þat is nouʒt elles but a greet beem of tymber yschod at þe ende wiþ a grete pece of yren.
- (1463-4) Reg.Chanc.Oxf.in OHS 94129 : Item, a staffe schoyd with iryne.
- (1465) Acc.Howard in RC 57319 : Item, my mastyr paid for a shodde sholve iiij d.
- (1465) Doc.Finchale in Sur.Soc.6p.ccxcix : j schoyd schoyll.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)271/15 : The carle..laysshed at hym with a grete club shodde with iron.
f
- (1356-7) Doc.Manor in MP 3458 : In oblacione ij cartariorum..j Inhewe euntum ad le scot carte et herciantum temporibus seminationis.
- (a1399) Oath Bk.Colchester9 : For the carte ij d. zyf he be schod, and zyf he be bare, j d. for the custume.
- (1429) Will Braybroke in Ess.AST 5304 : I yeue..a shodde cart.
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)197 : Of eche carte shood with yryn, j d..Of eche carte shodde [ID(1): ferree] ladyn with colys, j d.; Of a carte not shodde ladyn with the same, ob.
- (1453) Doc.in Bdf.HRS 14127 : A shoed Carte.
- (1463) Invent.Househ.in Retrospective Rev.1102 : En the berne: A wayn schodd with iren.
- (1466) Will Kent in Archaeol.Cant.11384 : I wolle that..John and William..have my iiij horses wt a shode cart.
- (1484-5) Let.Bk.Lond.L (Gldh LetBk L)220 : [Ordinance..forbidding..carts] shodde [with long and square-headed nails injurious to the pavement].
g
- (1415) Hoccl.Oldcastle (Hnt HM 111)337 : Yee medle of al thyng; yee moot shoo the goos.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)61a/b : Thesilus, forsoþ, did not þise..trowing o cure of al men, To þe maner of yuel shapers which, after þe prouerbe, shoeþ al men with o fourme of shoeþ [?read: shoeʒ].
- 1435 Prov.Carv.Church in Whiting Prov.p.248 : Whoso melles of wat men does, Let hym cum hier and sho the ghos.
- c1475 Why Nun (Vsp D.9)254 : Whoso chateryt lyke a py..He schalle be put owte of company And scho the gose.
h
- (1260) Nickname in LuSE 55185 : Rob. Welschod.
- (1279) Hundred R.Tower 2682 : Bernard Schoyhisfot.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1450(a1415) Mirk Fest.(Cld A.2:Powell)121/27,28 : Þan þis man, for he saw þat Marke was pore and nedy and of sympul aray, hym þoʒthe þat hit was almus for to helpon hym, and toke hys schone to hym and began for to schewon hit. And os he schewod ful helte, be Goddys ordynaunce he wondud hymselfe in þe hande with his nalle greuoslyche.
Note: Editor's note: "schewon...schewod: Only α has this lexeme, with sowe (amende C) in the other MSS. MED records only the meaning 'to provide with shoes' (MED shon v. (a)), not, as here, 'to shoe, mend (shoes)'."
Note: New sense.