Middle English Dictionary Entry
sau(e n.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | sau(e n.(1) Also zaue, soue, saȝe, sa, sae, (chiefly N) sagh(e & (in surname) sahe; pl. saues, etc. & (N) saches & (early) sagen. |
Etymology | OE sagu saw. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A saw; also, injury inflicted with a saw [quot.: c1475]; (b) fig. & person. of (a); (c) in comparisons; (d) in cpds. & combs.: ~ of tre, tren ~, a wooden saw; ~ pit, a pit over which a framework was built to enable two men, one above the ground and the other in the pit, to saw timber with a two-handled saw, a sawpit; honde ~, a handsaw; maister de la ~, ?a master carpenter; named ~, a previously mentioned saw; thwert ~, a crosscut saw; (e) some kind of serrated threshing instrument; (f) a line of troops projecting in some manner in front of a battle line; (g) med. a serrate connection between bones; (h) in surname and place name.
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(c1125) Vsp.D.Hom.Elucid.(Vsp D.14)141/29 : Se deofol..is smið..Þa hameres & þa beliges synden þa costninga, þa tangen synden ehteres, þa fielen & þa sagen synd þæra manna tungen, þe wyrceð hatunge betweonen heora emcristene & bliðelice specað yfel.
- c1350 Cmb.Ee.4.20.Nominale (Cmb Ee.4.20)525 : Lyme, sie, et fusil: File, sawe, and spindelle.
- (1371-2) Will Court Hust.(Gldh)2.144 : [A] chipax..[an] augour, [a] squire, [and a] sawe.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.383 : Þis Perdix..byþouȝt hym for to haue som spedful manere cleuynge of tymber, and took a plate of iren and fyled it and made it i-toþed as a rugge boon of a fische, and þanne it was a sawe [Higd.(2): sae].
- (1393) Mem.Ripon in Sur.Soc.81119 : In sal. ij operariorum operancium et ponencium saches pro dicto opere per ij dies di., 20 d.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)200b/a : Rust is..soone doon away..by fretyng of a sawe or of fyle.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)119b/a : Be þe bone ysawed with a subtile sawe [Ch.(2): smalle sawe; L subtili serra].
- (1433) MSS Beverley in HMC161 : 3 schovelis, 2 saas..2 sparris [under custody of the Shepherd of Feyang].
- (1446) Invent.Lytham in Chet.n.s.6078 : [In the Kitchen]..j old sagh, j payre of Mustard wherens.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)47b : Þey hadde also double eggid axus, schipping axes, brood axes for housinge and tymber, and sawes also.
- 1451-1500 Tundale (Wagner)721 : Summe hade syculus, knyvus, and saws..Spytyll-forkus þe sowlys to fall.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)88a/b : Þou schalt taken a sawe wiþ whom þou schalt kutte of boþe endis of þilke bonys and siþen sette hem euene togideris.
- c1425 Wycl.Antichr.(2) (Dub 245)p.cxix : Martyres han suffrid many dyuers kyndis of peynes, as swerd, crosse, & sawe, wild beestis, drenchyng.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)108a : A Sawe [Monson: Saghe]: Serra, Serrula.
- a1500(?a1450) Treat.Garden.(Trin-C O.9.38)23 : Wyth a saw thou schalt the tre kytte.
- a1500 Mirror Salv.(Beeleigh)p.10 : Some were dismenbred with knyves, and some with sawes he suwe.
b
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)27376 : Þe preist bi-gin..Away to sagh þam ilk crote Wit þe sagh o penance treu, þat þe frut spring efter neu.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)135 : The sawe is cleped hayne, Bi which disioynct is ysawed the onhede of bretherhede.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)15721 : Thys sharp sawe..callyd ys Hatrede.
- c1500 The shype ax (Ashm 61)39 : 'Ȝe, ȝe,' seyd the saw, 'It is bote bost that thou doyst blow.'
c
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)160a/a : In þe ryuer Nilus is a manere kynde of bestes Delphines wiþ rygges ytoþed as a sawe, that þe tendrenesse of þe wombes of cocodrilles perseþ and sleeþ hem in þat wyse.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)232a/b : Þe wilde [lettuce] we clepeþ seralia, for þe blak þerof haþ scharp prikkes & teþ as it were a sawe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)293a/a : Mys ben y-cleped Sorices also, for he freteþ and gnaweþ þynges as it were a sawe.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)109/14 : Þese þre semes [of the skull], whiche þat ioynen togidere þe iiij boonys tofore seid, ben maad as it were two sawis [vr. zawes], þe whiche teeþ ben ioyned, ech of hem in oþir.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)41a/b : Summe [bones] ben serratiles, þat is to seien, liche to a sowe, as is þe braine panne.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)44b/a : Þe vtilite whi þat þe commissures of þe heued allonelye weren liche a sawe was be cause þat manye þingis moste passen þurȝ hem, as sinewes, veines, fume oþer smoke.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)106b : Some haþ an yren Imade as a peyre tonges, Igymewed as tonges in þe myddes, and eyþer blade scharpe toþed as a sawe, bot þe teeth beeþ moche lenger & strenger.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)4096 : Þan snyȝes þar out of [alt. from: if] þat snyth hill, as with a snayles pas, A burly best with a bake as bedell as a saȝe.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5557 : Þare fande he bestis on þe brym with bemes as sawis, Þat ware as bitand breme as bladis of swerdis.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)19a/b : Alle þese foure aforseid bonys ben ioyned togideris as tweyne sawis meynginge togideris þeir teeþ eiþir in oþer, and þat wiþouten ony ligament.
- c1600(?c1395) PPl.Creed (Trin-C R.3.15)753 : His syre a soutere y-suled in grees, His teeþ wiþ toylinge of leþer tatered as a sawe!
d
- (1369) in Delpit Docum.Franc.en Angleterre (1847) [OD col.]1.128 : Nous volons et vous mandons que a maistre Otte, carpenter et maistre de la sawe quest a ffaire en la ville de Caleys, paiez et deliverez sur ses coustages et despences, vi livres xiii s. et iii den.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.75 : Manasses..hadde..i-made Ysayas, þe prophete, i-sawed wiþ a trene sawe [Higd.(2): Ysay was kytte with a sae of tree].
- (1399) Fabric R.Yk.Min.in Sur.Soc.3517 : j handsagh, j shovel.
- (1404) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.100396 : Item, in custodia Carpentarii..3 twhertsawes, 2 handsawes, [etc.].
- (1408) in Rec.B.Nottingham 262 : [Rogerus Parker fecit unum] sawpytt [in alta via].
- (1433) ?Phillip Serm.GF (BodLTh d.1)250 : Ego was doo to deth and sawyn a sondir with a sawe of tre.
- c1450(a1400) Orolog.Sap.(Dc 114)348/35 : Ysaie was sawene with treene sawe.
- (a1451) Will York in Sur.Soc.4599 : Item, j handsawe, ij d.
- (1454) Will York in Sur.Soc.30173 : To..Thomæ Trewe a sadyll, a cuttyng sawe, a lytill hande sawe.
- (1465) Doc.Finchale in Sur.Soc.6p.ccxcix : j culyngfatt, iij says, j wod axs..axyltres, j namydsaw, j twortsaw, j twybyll, [etc.].
- a1500 Mirror Salv.(Beeleigh)p.84 : This Crucifixionne also prefigured seint ysay..ffor the Jewes with a sawe of tree thorgh the middis hym kitte.
e
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.28.27 : Not in sawis [L serris] shal ben þrosshe gith, ne þe wheel of a wayn vp on þe comyn shal gon aboute.
f
- (a1460) Vegetius(2) (Pmb-C 243)1935 : If a place feynte, anoon a zawe Of myghti men aforn it is to drawe.
- (a1460) Vegetius(2) (Pmb-C 243)1977 : If ther nede a zawe [L serra], Out of the same anoon it is to drawe.
g
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)10a/a : Som [bones] as claualez, i. naylez, as þe teþ; Som as ceratilez, i. sawez, as þe braynpanne.
h
- (1296-7) Acc.Cornw.in RHS ser.3.6659 : Et de 14 d. rec' de Willelmo et Roberto Attesahe.
- (?1433) Let.Bk.Lond.K (Gldh LetBk K)156 : Sabriggesworth.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. saw.