Middle English Dictionary Entry
Sā̆turne n.
Entry Info
| Forms | Sā̆turne n. Also satourn(e, satorn(e, & (Latinate) saturnus, -es, satournus. |
| Etymology | L Sāturnus & OF Saturne. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) The Roman god Saturn; (b) in Ptolemaic astronomy, the planet farthest from the earth, the planet Saturn; (c) the planet Saturn in its general astrological significances; constellacioun of ~, astral influence of Saturn; (d) alch. the planet Saturn in its association with lead; also, lead; ~ liquefied, melted lead; bapteme of ~, submersion of lead in a solution for the purpose of changing its superficial color; philosophres ~, alchemists' lead; soule of ~, lead acetate; (e) palm. the planet Saturn as associated with part of the hand.
Associated quotations
a
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)2428 : Oure bileue..in þe heye godes is ido Saturnus & Iubiter & alle þe oþere al so.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1328 : I moot been in prisoun thurgh Saturne.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2443 : Saturnus the colde..Foond in his olde experience an art That he ful soone hath plesed euery part.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)112b/a : Saturnus haþ þat name of saturando, makynge fulnes & plente; his wif hatte opis of opulencia.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.1538 : Saturnes doughter, Juno, thorugh hire myght..do me dwelle Eternalich in Stix.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5954 : But [by] my modir, seint Venus, And by hir fader Saturnus, That hir engendride by his lyf..Yit wole I more unto you swer.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)2.4530 : From olde Saturne drauh thyn affeccioun, His goldene world fulli despisyng.
- a1500 PPl.A(1) (Eaton)7.307 : Sire Satorn [Trin-C: so seiþ satourne & sente ȝow to warne].
b
- c1300 SLeg.Mich.(LdMisc 108)420 : Þare-bi-neoþe beoth seoue firmamenz, þat euerech of heom..One steorre hath with-oute mo, þat planete i-cleoped is; Ichulle nemmen heore seoue names and formest bi-guynne hext: Saturnus is al a-boue.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)2437 : In þe firmament beþ Planetes..seuene, as ȝe seþ: Saturnus & Iubiter, Mars & þe sonne..Venus & Mercurius, & þe Mone lowest is.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)141/10 : Þe sterre þet hatte saturne..asemoche yernþ in onelepi daye mid þe firmament ase þe firmament hine let, ase he deþ ine þritti yer ine his oȝene sercle and ine his oȝene yerninge.
- (c1392) ?Westwyk EPlanets (Peterh 75)20/37 : Turne than softely thy compas abowte til þat the moeuable poynt towche the lyne of the aux of saturne.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)16/25 : Jubiter..is sette in the hiest spere of the planetys vnder Saturne.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)47b/b : Þer beþ also vij daies, whiche þat takiþ her propre names of þe vij planetis; þat is to seye in latyn, Sol, Luna, Mars..Saturnus, And in ynglisch, Sunday, Mondai, Tewisday..Satirday.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.125 : Þer is but oo sonne and oo moone and othere fyue planetys: Saturne, Iubiter, Mars, Venus, Mercurie.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)7360 : Euery planet so haueþ his A speere þere þat his going is; Þe mone also is lowest of alle, Saturnus þe hyest þat we calle.
c
- c1350 Ye þat be bi comen (Rwl D.939)p.351 : Saturnus..In his tyde is wikkede.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.937 : The heyeste and aboven alle Stant that planete which men calle Saturnus, whos complexion Is cold, and his condicion Causeth malice and crualte To him the whos nativite Is set under his governance.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.1188 : Aquarius..stant wel in Satornes grace..Bot to the Sonne he doth oultrage.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)112b/b : Whanne saturnus comeþ in to Iupiter his cercle, his malice abatiþ & colour chaungiþ for he is nyȝe to Iupiter, for þeiȝ he be kyndeliche leedy, by clerenes of Iupiter whanne he is coniunct wiþ hym he is i-maad white and briȝt.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)7.307 : Þoruȝ flood oþer þoruȝ foule wederis, fruytes shuln falle, And so seiþ satourne [vrr. Saturnes, satournus] & sente ȝow to warne.
- c1400 *WBk.Phil.& Astron.[OD col.] (BodAdd B.17)6 : A Saturne is a planete maliuole and wycked.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)3 : Briȝte phebus passed was þe ram..And Satourn old, with his frosty face, In virgyne taken had his place.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.625 : The bente moone with hire hornes pale, Saturne, and Jove, in Cancro joyned were, That swych a reyn from heven gan avale.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)44b/a : Vniuersale doyng was disposicion of a certane coniunccioun of þe 3 vpper planetez, s. saturnus, Iubiter, & Mars.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)18/26 : Saturne..is a planete of slowe condicion, hevi and wise.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.Mutability MN (Hrl 2255)105 : Satourn disposith to malencolye.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.12.26 : The firste houre inequal of every Saturday is to Saturne.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.216 : That mynde..with þe sonne his wey he ioyneth euene, So att þe laste he meteth wiþ þe olde Saturnus, whos effectes ben so colde.
- a1475 Bk.Quint.(Sln 73)17/28 : Men þat habounde in blak coler..ben born vndir þe constillacioun of saturne, the wickide planete.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)48a/a : Saturne is a planete malancolie and wickid, cold and drie, & þerfore he is sett hiȝest of alle hise felawis; ffor if þat he stood lowist, as doiþ þe moone, he schulde distrie man and beest and alle þe fruytis growynge vpon erþe.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)63/31 : Whan thow wolt take ony medecyne laxatif, sette the mone in the Scorpion, Libra, other in Pisces; But be ware that she neygh not to Saturne, for than congeleth she the humours..in the body.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)67/12 : Saturne gouerneth the erth, Mercury the water, Jupiter the aier, the sone the fire.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)9469 : Þe seuene planetes ȝeueþ, as we fynde, Shappe to euery lyme his kynde; Saturnus shapiþ first bifore As a pece of flesshe it wore.
d
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2471 : The mone of Selver hath his part, And Iren that stant upon Mart; The Led after Satorne groweth.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.828 : Sol gold is..Mars iren, Mercurie quyk siluer we clepe, Saturnus leed, and Iuppiter is tyn.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1449 : The led..Ys, loo, the metal of Saturne, That hath a ful large whel to turne.
- a1475 Bk.Quint.(Sln 73)8/2-3 : And ȝe quenche mars in whiȝt wiyn or in comoun watir manye tymes, and aftirward in þe same wiyn or watir ȝe caste saturne liquified ofte tymes, þanne wiþoute doute ȝe schal fynde þat þe saturne is maad riȝt hard.
- a1500(1471) *Ripley CAlch.(Ashm 1486)601 : Water..wher-with yu schalte renewe yi stone, loke yu dystyll..some men cane it with saturne multyplye.
- a1500 in Singer Cat.Alchem.1.114 : There be grete secretes in the philosophres Saturne.
- a1500 in Singer Cat.Alchem.2.488 : Knowe that the boke that tretith of the baptym of Saturne, Jubiter, and Venus shewith howe that saturne may be turnyd into lune and Jubiter into white sol..by the mene of a water that is 7 times..more sowerer than ever was any vineger.
- a1500 *Ripley CAlch.(Trin-C O.5.31)1892 : I preuede..Þe sowle of saturne & also marcasyte..letarge & antymony noȝt worthe two myȝttis.
e
- c1450 Metham Palm.(Gar 141)86/18 : To yche off this fyngyrrys ther ys a planete longyng: Saturne longyth to lengest fynger wyth hys hyl.
- c1450 Metham Palm.(Gar 141)100/8 : Ahe [read: The] fyrste [line]..ascendyth vp to the fyngyr off Saturne.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1500(1439) Lydg.Sts.AA (Lnsd 699)1330 : Forsake your mametis & all that fals rowte…Which may nat help nor forther in no degre: Satorn, Iubiter, Mars, and Appollo.
Note: Additional quote(s)