Middle English Dictionary Entry
rū̆st n.
Entry Info
Forms | rū̆st n. Also ruste, roust(e, rost(e, (in place name) rustu-. |
Etymology | OE rūst |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Rust on iron or other metals; also fig.; ~ corrupt, polluted by rust; ~ freten, corroded by rust; (b) rust used as a medicament; (c) in proverbs, comparisons, etc.; (d) fig. moral or spiritual corrosion; ~ of coveitise (misbileve, sinne, etc.); (e) fungus growth on plants, rust, mildew; blight of any kind; a morbid condition of plants caused by searing wind [quot.: WBible(1) Gloss.Joel]; (f) redness of the eye; -- used fig.; (g) in surnames and place name [see Smith PNElem.2.89].
Associated quotations
a
- ?c1225 Ancr.(Cleo C.6)209/21 fn. : Þe file fret of þe irn þe rust..& Makeð hit hwit & smeðe.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)Jas.5.3 : Ȝoure gold and siluer hath rustid, and rust [L ærugo] of hem shal be to ȝou in to witnessing.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2494 : Alle othre..metalls..what man couthe aweie take The rust, of which thei waxen blake..Thei scholden take the liknesse Of gold or Selver parfitly.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)206a/a : If brasen vessel be y-tynned, þe tyn abateþ þe venym of roust.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)203/26 : Eruginosa is lijk þe rust of copur, & þis maner of colre is miche freting & scharp.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2018 : He clad hym in..his oþer harnays, þat holdely watz keped..þe ryngez rokked of þe roust of his riche bruny.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)prol.214 : For-dirked age..Whos fretyng rust..assayes For to eclipse the honour and the glorie Of hiȝe prowes.
- a1425(c1384) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ezek.24.11 : Put thou it void vpon coolis that..the brasse therof melte..and the rust of it be waastid.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)25a/a : Erugino: do away rost.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)9.187 : The water that gooth thorgh the leden penne Is rust corrupt.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1664 : Ley þi tresour and þy trust In place where no ruggyne rust May it dystroy to dros ne dust.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)121/21 : Þou hast ynow & sparyst it..in kepyng monye in exces, tyl it be ruste-fretyn.
- c1450 Lychefelde Comp.G.(Lamb 853)345 : Þe moþþis þat þi cloþis ete..Þe rust þat þi siluer doiþ freete..Þei crien vpon þee veniaunce greete Þee for to spille.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Pseudo-F.(Dub 245)306 : Þus iames forbediþ cristen men to be riche here, for rust & wormes destrien heere richesse.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)2813 : Euery knyght regyd hym to juste To kepe there armowr fro the roste.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)368 : Metallis of kinde grow low vndre grownde, For above erth ruste in theym is fownde.
b
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)177a/b : Cerusa is ruste or freting of lede..it is consolidatyue.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)109a/b : If þe vlcus be riȝt olde, þen hele it with þe squame of iren & vineger..Take þe ruste oþer þe redenesse of iren.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)174b/a : Take..calcecuminoy ane ounce, þat is þe roste of belle brasse.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)309/13 : A collery..made..of antimoyne, of alume..of þe rouste of bras [L de flore eris]..heleþ the fistle of þe eyȝe.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)622/17 : Ferugo, ruste of iren, is knowen..soudynge and constreynynge.
- c1440 Thrn.Med.Bk.(Thrn)30/24 : For..fluxus sanguinis, Tak þe ruste of a claper of a belle..& drynk it with water.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(2) (Add 33996)224 : Pro plagis currentibus: Do þerynne þe otterust rust of a caudron.
- a1500 Hrl.2378 Recipes (Hrl 2378)116/1 : For þe flyx: Take the rust of þe belle-claper and temper it with water and drynke it.
c
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)83/23 : Beo neauer se briht or, Metal, gold, seoluer, Irn, stel, þet hit ne schal drahe rust of an oþer þet is irustet, for hwon þet ha longe liggen togedere.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)216/19 : Irn þet lið stille gedereð sone rust.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.445 : Roust destroyeþ iren; þere is no þing so strong and stedefast þat may nouȝt be brouȝt in peril..by a febil þing.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Gosp.(Phys-E)p.105 : This fir calle I charite..It clenses man of sinful lust, Als fire clenses Iren of rust.
- a1400 Þe worm (Hrl 7322)9 : Ase þe worm on þe treo..And roust on þe knife.
- c1450(?a1422) Lydg.LOL (Dur-U Cosin V.2.16)2.246 : Ruste with Rust may nat scowrede be.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 2250)10258 : Ryȝt as fir mas metal cler & all þo ruste puttes oway, So dos he with-oute weer be gyfte of vnderstondyng Ay.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)44/20 : Like as yren put in þe fire lesiþ his rust..so a man conuertyng him holy to god is..chaunged into a newe man.
- a1500 12 PTrib.(2) (Rwl C.894)395 : For ryght as fire departith gold from other mettalis and purgith hym of ruste and fylth..so tribulacion..clensith hym of the filth of synnes.
- ?a1500 Othea (Hrl 838)136/17 : In vncouth straung love, looke þu ne truste..Owte of a cankred sweerd is hard to rubbe þe rust.
d
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)95/4 : He is þi vile..& fileð al þi rust awei & ti ruhe of sunne.
- a1400 Ancr.(Pep 2498)66/12 : Vche goode Man & womman takeþ rust of synne, ȝif þat hij ben in feble compaignye.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.6030 : Ruste of sclaundir liȝtly wil nat deye; Þe fret þer-of is so corosif, Þat it lasteþ many mannys lyf.
- a1425(a1396) Maidstone PPs. (Wht)814 : Ihesu..Þere I am roten, rubbe of þe rust.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)354/8 : Pacience..schal [not] be founde rusty wiþ þe rust of priue vnpacience.
- c1430(a1410) Love Mirror (Brsn e.9)274 : He..enflawmeth her hertes goostly, consumynge al the rouste of mysbyleue.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)6.1321 : Of kankrid hunger so fretyng is the rust That the ryueer of Tantalus..Of gredi etikes the fret may nat asswage.
- a1450(a1349) Rolle Com.LG (Cmb Dd.5.64)80/242 : Þe fyre of lufe..wil bryn til noght al þe rust of syn and purge þi sawle of al fylth.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)4002 : God graunte knyghtes rubbe away the rust Of couetise, if it hir hertes cancre.
- c1450(?a1422) Lydg.LOL (Dur-U Cosin V.2.16)4.293 : He came for our saluacion To scour a-waye the rust of all our blame.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)234/8 : Do oute þe ruste of ydell thouȝtys fro ȝoure herte & it schal be a clene vessel of god.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)11442 : A man tha ydel ys..In-to hys sowle..The rust off vyces or off synne Doth a-way..Off al vertu the clernesse.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)132/22 : Thou knowist..hov muche tribulacion deseruiþ to purge þe rust of my vices.
e
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Deut.28.22 : Smyte þe þe lord wiþ nede, feuyr & coold & brennynge & heet & corrupt eyr & rust.
- (a1382) WBible(1) Pref.Jer.(Bod 959)7.54 : Ioel..discriuiþ þe lond of þe twelue lynagez wastyd þoru þe cale worme, bruyk, locust, & þoru rust wastyng.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Joel 1.4 : Rust eete the residue of bruke.
- c1400 WBible(2) Gloss.Joel (Lamb 25)1.4 : Rust is vice either corrupcioun of wexynge corn whanne bi brennynge wynd it makith no seed..rust is whanne tendre cornes ben smytun bi noyful dew, and boothe the stalkis and eeris of corn ben turned in to rednesse.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)3 Kings 8.37 : If hungur risith in the lond..ether corrupt eyr is ether rust ether locuste ether myldew..if ony man..holdith forth hise hondis in this hows, thou schalt here in heuene.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Amos 4.9 : Y smoot ȝou with brennynge wynd and with rust [WB(1): in myldew], the multitude of ȝoure orcherdis and of ȝoure vyneris.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)77.51 : He gaf til rust [L erugini] the froitis of thaim.
f
- c1450 Lychefelde Comp.G.(Lamb 853)443 : I hope to rubbe aweye þe rust With penaunce from my goostli yȝe.
g
- (1148) Liber Winton (Antq 154)546 : Robertus Rust.
- (c1180) in Ekwall Dict.EPN379 : Rustuwelle.
- (1275) Hundred R.Tower 1435 : Ricardi Rust.