Middle English Dictionary Entry
robben v.
Entry Info
Forms | robben v. Also rob(be, robbi, robe(n, robi, rubben, rub(b)i, rebbe; p.pl. robbeden, etc. & robbet; ppl. i)robbed, i)robbet, robed, roben. |
Etymology | OF rober, robber, reuber, rouber, OPic. reber. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To rob (sb.), plunder; also fig.; (b) ~ of, to rob (sb.) of (goods, etc.); fig. deprive (sb.) wrongfully of (sth.); also, carry off (a wife) from (her husband); (c) in proverbs and prov. expressions; (d) fig. to rob (the soul, mind); ~ of, deprive (the soul) of (life); also, deprive (the mind) of (knowledge); (e) ppl. robbed as adj.: despoiled, robbed; also fig.; ppl. robbinge as noun: ?those who rob; ?error for ppl. robbed as noun: those who are robbed.
Associated quotations
a
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)46/1 : He preiseð þe uuele..as þe þe seið to þe cniht þe robbeð his poure men, 'A Sire, as þu dest wel.'
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)148/9 : Hwa se eauer on him seolf takeð owðer of þeos twa, he robbeð godd & reaueð.
- c1300 SLeg.John (LdMisc 108)406 : He..lat a-quelle and robi also alle þat he may of-gon.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1958 : Comen her mo þan sixti þeues..Me forto robben and to pine.
- ?c1335 Whose þenchiþ vp (Hrl 913)p.134 : To entredite and amonsi Al þai..Þat lafful men doþ robbi.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)190/20 : A riche ientilman wes y-robbed of þieues.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)254/10 : Þet byeþ dyeulen þet nimeþ and robbeþ alle þo þet none zuiche uelaȝrede ne habbeþ.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)1799 : Þov mayntenest þef reyuours..To gon aboute & robby ous.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 10.30 : Sum man..felde among theuues, whiche also robbiden him.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mcp.(Manly-Rickert)H.8 : A theef myght hym ful lightly robbe and bynde.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)246a/b : Ofte in wodes þeues beþ y-hudde and..passynge men comeþ and beþ y-spoyled and y-robbed [L spoliantur] and ofte y-slawe.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)2202 : Ȝyf a lorde of a tounne Robbe hys men..Aȝens ryȝt he doþe outrage.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)3.182 : Wiþoute pite, pilour, pore men þou robbest [vrr. robbedest, robbedist, robedest, robidyst, robbed].
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)131/7 : Men may go sykerlych þorghout all his contree..þat noman schall ben hardy to robben him.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)68/12 : It dide myche harme in þe marchis to þeire neȝboris, as to robbe or to pulle hoolly alle þo þat þei myȝte gete.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)58/12 : He byndeth hem by their othe to be aboute him..so that the contre be not defoyled nor the people robbed [F pillie] nor slayne.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)183/24 : The extorcioner rubbyth and Preyeth good men.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)13313 : All the godes þai grippit of the gret vessell, And robbed vs full radly.
b
- a1325 SLeg.Devil Serv.(Corp-C 145)250 : Irobbed hi were of ȝare gode for hi were eþ to ouercome.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.1797 : Vlixes..I-robbed was of riches and of good.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)1244 : Thefs, þat er devels of helle..er bysy To robbe us of our gudes gastly.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)5/5 : Þyn vnlusti schap..is lent þe but for a tyme; With jnne a fewe daies wole deth sende his messanger & robbe þe þer of.
- a1425 KAlex.(LinI 150)6230 : He robbed me of my make Blassameye.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.5.205 : A pore man..by the weie may boldely synge byforn theves, for he hath nat whereof to be robbed.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)42/19 : The good knyghte..schulde not suffre to be broughte a-slepe with no such floite as to be robbed of that the which he schulde kepe.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)789 : To robbe men of hure riht ful redy ben alle.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)305/15 : They robben God of his regalty and his awne croune and setten it on her owen hede.
- c1450(c1425) Brut-1419 (Cmb Kk.1.12)337/4 : Þanne come vnto þe Temple and to alle oþer ynnez of men of lawe & dispoyled ham and rebbed ham or [read: of] her godez.
- (a1461) Paston2.199 : If a theef come and robbed me of al the good I haue..were it reson þat I schuld for-yeve it without satisfaccion?
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.253 : Swyche periureris robbyn men of her good..Swyche robbyn folc of her goode name.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)6419 : Ector..Wold haue Robbit the Renke of his riche wede.
c
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)79/21 : Þe bereð tresor openliche i wei þet is al ful of reaueres..him luste leosen hit & beon irobbet [Nero: irobbed].
- c1300 SLeg.Devil Serv.(Hrl 2277)13 : He het as me rubbede oþere, þat me dude bi hem also.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)305/15 : Þei robbyn seynt petyr & ȝeuyn it seynt Poule.
- a1500(?1382) Wycl.Wks.Mercy (NC 95)174 : Hou schulde God approve þat þou robbe Petur and gif þis robbere to Poule in þe name of Crist?
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.254 : A þef..neuer wil waytyn hym good torn but redy to robbyn hym & to slen hym whan he may.
- a1500 Bevis (Chet 8009)58/971 : Delyuer a theeff ffro the galoos, And he shall wayte the to rob or sloo.
d
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)27/27 : Weilawei, min eie haueð i-robbed al mine soule.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)85a/b : Yȝen ben enemyes & þeues & robbiþ mannes in-wit..Mine iȝe haþ I-spoiled & robbid my soule.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Lam.3.51 : Myn iȝe robbide [L deprædatus est] my soule in alle the douȝtris of my citee.
- c1425 Wycl.Concord.in Spec.43 (Roy 17.B.1)270 : Mannes mynde..is ofte robbid of þe tresour of kunnyng bi þe enemye of science, þat is, forȝetyng.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)217/13 : Myn eyȝe has robbyd my soule of his lyif with watyr of lustys.
e
- (c1390) Chart.Abbey HG (LdMisc 210)342 : Whan Adam & his wyf hadden eten of þat apple..þanne perceyued þei first þat þei weren boþe robbed & naked.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)10.180 : Prisons and pilgrimes, paraunter men yrobbed, Oþer by-lowe þorwe luthere..oure lord hath hem graunted Here penaunce.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6823 : I that were my symple cloth Robbe bothe Robbyng [F robés] and Robbours And gile giling and gilours.
- a1500 Mirror Salv.(Beeleigh)p.18 : A Samaritene..heled this robbed man of his woundes.
2.
(a) To plunder (a country, town, house, ship, etc.), pillage; rob (the church); deprive (hell) of its prey; rob-hous, a housebreaker, robber; (b) ~ of, to rob (a place) of (plunder); (c) to plunder, commit robbery, steal; ~ of, steal (riches); ~ and reven.
Associated quotations
a
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)14/185 : Wes helle irobbet [Tit: irobbed], & heouene bið ifullet.
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)4/29 : Ne bihoueð hit nawt þet tis hus beo irobbet.
- a1325 SLeg.(Corp-C 145)151/91 : Þe ministre also of Kanterburi hi robbede attelaste.
- a1350(1265) BLewes (Hrl 2253)27 : He haþ robbed engelond, þe mores, ant þ[e] fenne.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)8321 : xx þousinde Of fel robours..hadde robed and brent þe cuntre.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Bar.6.17 : Prestes oft kepen the dores with closingis and lockis lest thei be robbed of day theues.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.57 : Þe Danes spoylede and robbede [Higd.(2): robbynge; L deprædantes] al Northumberlond.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.767 : He sholde deffenden holy chirche and nat robben it ne pilen it.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)15/173 : Ercules and his felows alle Went and robbyd [vr. Dede rubby] þat ryche Cete.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.240 : On his londes þai rais & robbed ilk a toun.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)6221 : Þe cee of Caspias, Wharþorouȝ hij hadden her pas, Jn and out forto ride And robbe shippes wyde and syde.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.1164 : Þei haue slayn oure progenytours..Oure cite brent..And robbid it.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)2253 : My landes haves he robbed and reft.
- c1450 Chaucer CT.CY.(Tex 143)G.659 : Robhowses [Elsm: in lanes blynde..thise robbours and thise theues..Holden hir pryuee fereful residence].
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)233 : The kynge..hadde herde tydinges that the saisnes com robbinge the contrey.
- a1500 BodAdd.A.106 Lapid.(BodAdd A.106)p.56 : Theffes yt beres yis ston may robe howses & no man sal lett hym.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1912 : He..told furth of his tale..How þe rewme was robbet.
b
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)5105 : Herbisiden ben childer hende, Þat han þis ich dawe Mani cursed painem slawe, Þat hadden robbed þis cuntray Of al þis ich fair pray.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)127/1602 : Þe Troyens robbed her Pauylouns Of tresoure, hors, and other Attyre.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1156 : His fader..robbed þe relygioun of relykes alle.
- ?a1425(a1400) Brut-1377 (Corp-C 174)298/7 : Þe toun & þe subbarbus..of al þing þat myȝte be bore & caryed out was robbid and despoyled.
- c1450(a1400) Lavynham Treat.7 Dead.Sins (Hrl 211)10/8 : Alle tho men þt robbyn holycherche of hyre good..ben acursyd.
c
- c1300 SLeg.Edm.King (LdMisc 108)12 : In North-humberlond huy bi-gunne, and þare huy slowen to grounde, And robbeden, and barnden al to nouȝt.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)6041 : Hii drowe hom toward kanterbury to robb [vrr. robbi, robby; B vr. rebbe] þere al so.
- c1330 Le Freine (Auch)193 : He..þouȝt wele þat it miȝt be þat þeues hadde yrobbed sumwhare.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.157 : Hij hadden þe hertes hard in coueitise, & robbeden al abouten forto wynnen erþelich þinges.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.33.1 : Wo, þou þat robbist [L prædaris], wheþer & þiself shalt not ben robbid?
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.207 : Every thief upon richesse Awaiteth forto robbe and stele.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)61/767 : Þe whiles his men robbeþ [vrr. robyn, dud ruby] and reueþ; In al þe Contrey noþyng þey leueth.
- c1400 St.Anne(1) (Min-U Z.822.N.81)1960 : What day robe þat þai went oute Ylk man suld haue hys day aboute.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.6353 : Þei..Spoile & robbe, & take what þei fynde, Tresour & good.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5686 : To swynke and traveile he not feynith, For for to robben he disdeynith.
- ?1435 Lond.Chron.Jul.(Jul B.2)64 : They..robbeden and spoyleden at her owne luste.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)5673 : Mykel he loued to robbe & reue.
- a1450 Parton.(1) (UC C.188)2658 : Agysore..sleeth, robbeth [vr. rubbythe], and leveth none hous Vn-brent.
- c1450 Form Excom.(3) (Dc 60)105/21 : We accorsen..robbers þat ayen þe pes of þe king robben And reven.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)708 : Ȝe xall goo robbe, stell, and kyll.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)39/8 : He..brantyn, Slouedyn, and robedyn, and broghten the contrey to noght.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)5786 : Þanne forto goo sle men Or forto robbe in wode or fen..What is worthe suche chastite Whanne þou of oþer hast no pite?
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)3209 : Parys..to the tempull full tyte turnyt agayne, To rob of þe Riches and Renkes to helpe.
3.
(a) To steal (sth.), carry off as plunder; also, kidnap (sb.), abduct; also fig.; (b) ~ from, fig. to take (honor, etc.) wrongfully away from (God); alienate (the soul) from (God's love); remove (people) from (duty); ~ of, steal (sth.) from (sb.); fig. remove (sb.) from (sth.); (c) ppl. robbed, stolen, plundered.
Associated quotations
a
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)381 : Strange men..asaileden is lond..& robbed is bestes & is game.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)7420 : Of gold and siluer and cendel, Sum þai brouȝt fram her lond And robbed sum in Inglond.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)227/23 : Þe dyeuel..zecþ ginnes huerby he may nime þane castel uor to robbi þet tresor of maidenhod.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Kings 30.19 : What euere thyngis þei hadden robbid [L rapuerant], alle dauyd broȝte aȝeen.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.758 : Temporel goodes of bonde folk ben..the goodes of the Emperour, to deffenden hem in hir right but nat to robben hem ne reuen hem.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.6340 : Thus..thou myht have Ensample, hou that it is to fle To robbe the virginite Of a yong innocent aweie.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)3451 : Hij robbeden tresores and cloþes And brenten tounes and þe heþes.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)7504 : Þe duk Hirtan..Robbed my make Blasfame.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1142 : Þenne efte lastes hit [soul] likkes, he loses hit ille, As hit were rafte wyth unryȝt and robbed wyth þewes.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)33/10 : Þe gudes þat þai robbed in holl gan þai it hide.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)290/11 : Þou..as a þeef worþi eendelees peyne, robbist holy chirche good and poore mennys good.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)2.1770 : The peeple felli dede hem dresse..in ther rebellioun Ageyn hir husbonde, off entencioun To robbe his tresour.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)16014 : Swych goostly goodys euerychon Ben yrobbyd And agon.
- a1500(?1452) Lond.Chron.Arms (ArmsAr 19)297 : No man shuld robbe nor take any good within þe cite..vpon peyne of deth.
- a1500(c1465) SEChron.(Lamb 306)76 : The quene..compelled, dispoyled, rubbed, and distroyed all maner of cattell, vetayll, and riches to Seint Albones.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4693 : The Grekes..Robbit þere riches, raght to þere shippes.
b
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)4541 : Þis kinges þus ladde her liue Wiþ þat þai miȝt reue and robbe Of Sarraȝins wiþ swerd and clobbe.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)4714 : Fiue hundred waines after go, Ycharged..Wiþ fische and flesche and win red Robbed of men of þe cuntray.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)199/18 : Vor hi is of al y-robbed, and y-piȝt ine god.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)14.132 : Allas! þat ricchesse shal reue and robbe mannes soule Fram þe loue of owre lorde.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)205/10 : Þe þouȝtis of sich a soule is noþing ellis but hate..hauynge þe condicioun of a þeef þat robbiþ worschip and honour fro me þat am his maker.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)313/1 : Þou were a þeef and robbidist poore folk fro þeir dewte.
- (1436) Doc.Trade in BRS 766 : The seid ship..in Norwey ayenst the fourme of the statute purveid ayenst the contrarie, and there had robbyd certeyn godes of the pepill.
c
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)67.13 : Of wlite hous twinne robed thinge [L spolia].
- 1483 Cath.Angl.(Monson 168)310 : Robbyd: exspoliatus, raptus.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)5008 : The Rewme þurgh Riden, robbed þi goodis.
4.
To steal (sth. from sb.), rob (sb. of sth.).
Associated quotations
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)26/430 : Þus þis worldes hweol warpeð ham abuten..reauers hit hit [read: ham] robbið.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)4323 : Kepe we þe strait wais Oueralle in þe cuntrays And robben hem her sustenaunce.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)4400 : viii þousand þo hadde Lot, Þat..often deden hem gret greuaunce And robbed hem her sustenaunce.
- (1438) Will Norwich in Nrf.Archaeol.4330 : I be qwethe to Richard Whaplode, my cosyn, xl s. of my good, because I had robyn hym v acre of lond.
5.
In surname.
Associated quotations
- (1332) Sub.R.Bdf.in Suf.GB 18185 : Robertus Robbeioye.