Middle English Dictionary Entry
refūsen v.
Entry Info
Forms | refūsen v. Also refus(e, refusi, refuce(n, refuisen, refoise, reffuse(n; sg.3 refuseth, etc. & refusyȝs; p. refused, refuset & (error) refuled; ppl. refused, refuced, refus. Contraction: refusestou (refusest thou). |
Etymology | OF refuser |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To reject (sb.) as foolish, unworthy, etc., forsake, despise; exclude (sb.) from office; renounce (a god); (b) to refuse to take (sb.) as a spouse or lover; divorce (one's wife); (c) to cast (sb.) out, expel, abandon; shun (sb.); (d) to deny (sb.) admission, audience, or absolution; refuse to fight with (sb.); (e) to pay no attention to (man, his works), disregard, etc.; also, leave (sb.) alone.
Associated quotations
a
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)77.65 : God herd her folies and refused [WB(1): despiside; WB(2): forsook; L sprevit] hem.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.2344 : Nectanabus..for lust his god refuseth, And tok him to the dieules craft.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.2820 : Every jugge was refused Which was noght frend to comun riht.
- a1400 Prov.Wisd.(Bod 9)4 : Who þat in ȝouþe no vertue vseþ In age al honour hym refuseþ.
- a1400 Pep.Gosp.(Pep 2498)66/33 : Þe publicane was herd tofore God, and þe Phariseu was refused.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.2825 : Pallas was wrongly sette a-syde..And Iuno..Refusid was.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)5/31 : Yef he kennis gode till oþir and him-self dos noht sua, God refusis him.
- a1450(?c1405) Man be war of (Dgb 102)43 : Loke how goddis lawe ȝe vse, Whom ȝe refuse and whiche auaunce.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)10a : We wil schewe..what manere men schulde be resseiued and what men refused.
- c1450 Treat.Perf.(Add 37790)237/11 : God..styrres alle men vnto one oned, bothe goode and eville; he refusys none.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)94/1 : The lordis of Rome..receyued suche men as wer able, And thoo that wer not able, they refused theim boldely.
- a1500 Hilton CPerf.(Petyt 524)15 : Thou may..rule thyn owne conscience..whom thou shalt folowe and whom refuse.
- a1500 Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149)62 : Any suche that wolde not here the wordes of þat prophete and refused hym that spake yn hys name, he schuld be caste oute.
- c1500(?c1450) Wedding Gawain (Rwl C.86)68 : Yf thou sle me nowe in thys case, Alle knyghtes wolle refuse the in euery place.
- 1543(1464) Hardyng Chron.B (Grafton)p.314 : The kyng..prayed the lordes at parlyament..His sonne were not refused ne chastyzed, But set in rule.
b
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2747 : If a netherdes doghter..be riche..of a thousand men, oon wol nat forsaken hire ne refusen [vr. refuysen] hire.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.76 : I muse And thenke how sche me wol refuse.
- (1402) Hoccl.Cupid (Hnt HM 744)237 : Maugree hem þat blamen wommen moost..It shal nat been in hire elleccioun, The foulest slutte in al a town refuse, If þat vs list.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.4647 : She ne myȝt..Refusen hym..Þat was to hir..So kynde.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3742 : Ther is no lady sohawteyn..That I nolde holde hir ungoodly For to refuse hym outterly.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)118/30 : All the wommen þere ben comoun..And þei seyn þei synnen ȝif þei refusen ony man.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)105/3 : He may prove þe gret woo þat verrey lovers haue, þe which in love be refused.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)8085 : Nauther list me my luff lelly the graunt, Ne I refuse the not fully.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)245 : Robert Ver..ageyn the lawe of God, he refused his wif.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)813/10 : An uncurteyse lady..proffyrd me to be her paramoure, and I refused her.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)3.389 : Philippus..hade refusede Olimpias..for cause of adowtery.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)5.269 : Vortigernus refusede [Trev.: putte away; L repudiat] his lawefulle wife, by whom he hade getyn iij noble childer.
- a1500 Alex.-Cassamus (Cmb Ff.1.6)50 : Hym that I loue, shal I not refuce.
c
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)5.53 : He refused [Higd.(2): wolde expelle; L recusaret] hem þat wolde nouȝt have hem in his loore.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.3282 : This child sent out for his destruccioun..He that was refus to beestis most sauage, Is now receyued to kyngli heritage.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)7586 : Walchere began forto moyse how he þat menȝe moght refoyse, And forto bryng in monkys agayne.
- a1500 Frische flour (Lamb 306)16 : Y that am yours..Reffuse me nat oute of your Remebraunce.
d
- c1390 Vrn.Mir.Virg.(Vrn)144/103 : Þer þe Meir makeþ entre, And..Þe Ieuh may nouȝt þe Meir refuse.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6443 : Thus may he shryve hym that forsaketh His paroch-prest..And if the prest wole hym refuse..he his chirche shal forgo.
- (1433) ?Phillip Serm.GF (BodLTh d.1)255 : Christus dei filius meus refusyȝs me et alteri committit custodire matrem.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)5.1547 : This embassiat..Whan thei atteyned of Marchus the presence, Wer refusid & hadde non audience.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)15 : Asoynyd, or refusyd: Refutatus.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.2 Merch.(Hrl 2255)657 : Hym liked nat to knocken at the gate..List of his freend he were anoon refusyd.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)44.569 : Nolde Sire Nasciens him refuse, but..towardis him prikyde.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12978 : All refusit hom the folke of þe fyne plase, When he segh þat the Cite sate in defens, He besegit hit.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)198/35 : Ruben, the preste of the temple..defyede and refusyd Joachim and his ȝiftis.
e
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.12.140 : God refuseth oonly the werkis of men.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)330/315 : Ȝe will no raþere refuse hym, To he be dreuen to his dede and demed to dye.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.203 : I haue so masedliche i-mused Þat man of god was vtterly refused.
2.
(a) To reject (a gift, service, love, etc.), spurn, decline; (b) to reject (sth.) as faulty, unsuitable, etc.; renounce or refrain from (sin, vice); abstain from (food); hunt. let (game) go; (c) to decline (an office, a task); neglect (a duty, work, penance, etc.), refuse; (d) to disobey (a law, command); ignore (advice, teaching, reason), reject; deny (a prayer, request, wish); (e) to refute (a charge, doctrine), deny; forbid or prevent (entry, attendance); (f) to repudiate (an agreement), break; renounce (a custom, religion), let lapse; give up (a trade, tenure of land); get rid of (sin); (g) to avoid (sth.), escape.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.1132 : A governour Of worldes good..nothing refuseth, As he which lord is of the thinges.
- a1400(?a1325) Bonav.Medit.(1) (Hrl 1701)143 : To wasshe here fete greued hym nat; Petyr refused al þat seruyse.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.103 : Þorgh conseile of som of hise, refused he þat present.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)396 : Þe fals god dude al his wille..Þat game she refuse nolde.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)20.144 : Þe paume haþ power..to..receyuen þat þe fyngres rechen, and refuse yf hym likeþ.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1772 : Nede hym bihoued Oþer lach þer hir luf oþer lodly refuse.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.2035 : Hector..Þe palme of conquest..Miȝt haue brouȝt..Whiche he þat day reffusid folily.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1154 : 'Refuse it naught,' quod he..And in hire bosom the lettre down he thraste.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)78 : For hys lof all scho wold refus.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Hrl 1766)2.1066 : Thow..al counfort doost fro thy-sylff refuse.
- (1440) Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)1330 : Loke þat no man now refuse his graas.
- a1450 *Aelred Inst.(2) (Bod 423)809 : Holy faders..studieden..to refuse al worldly good.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)93 : I woll put it in my purs, lest yee it take in ill To refuse your curtesy.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)148/11 : Men wiste neuer of whiche he gate mor worchipp, of that that he chase, or ellis of that that he refused.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)165/11 : Þis pope..toke þe storye of Seynt Steuen and refuset þe story of þe Trynyte.
- a1500 GLitany (Dc 42)129 : Thou refused not the kysse of Iudas.
b
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)77.73 : He refuled [Dub: refusid] þe tabernacle of Ioseph.
- (1357) Gaytr.LFCatech.(Yk-Borth R.I.11)20/58 : The seuen dedely sinnes..man sal refuse.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.2208 : Flaterie..was nevere yit refused, As forto speke in court real.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)19.365 : Alkyn crystene, saue comune wommen, Repenteden & refused synne.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)4.369 : Þat is noþer reisonable ne rect to refusy my syres sorname.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)74 : An hert chaceable of x..shuld not be refusid.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.3488 : Ȝif þat ȝe, platly, al refuse, For certeyn fautes..my þank is set be-hynde.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)56a/b : What he shal refuse: Be wyne withdrawen hym..& grosse flesh.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.2 Merch.(Hrl 2255)501 : Who shal my stile guye..Al merthe of makyng my mateer mot refuse.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)4697 : For to graunte hem lyff ffor mede..Þou were wurþy to haue blame; Alle swylke werkes j reffuse [vr. refuyse].
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)77/11 : Than schalle we refuse tham [impatience and despair] as we do othere synnes.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)185 : Take þat ys to be takyn, and leue þat ys to be refusyde.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)239 : Þe superfluouse gyse I wyll þat ȝe refuse.
- a1500(c1435) ?Lydg.DM(2) (Lnsd 699)61/439 : Refuse nyce play & veyn plesaunce.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)2227 : Alle liquours shuld be refusid whiche frost infectid.
c
- (1389) Lond.Gild Ret.in Bk.Lond.E.(PRO C 47/var.)47/88 : He shal..do his deuer as a wardein..ought to do, & ȝif he refuse þe same doyng, he shal paie..xl s.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2386 : He..wolde noght refuse The labour of hise wittes alle.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.1898 : Men se the charge aldai refused, Which holi cherche hath undertake.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.1292 : Sorcerie..forto winne his druerie..he useth; Ther is no point which he refuseth.
- a1422 Gild St.Geo.Nrw.(Rwl D.913)449 : And þat Aldirman so chosen refuse þe office he is chose to, schal paye to þe Fraternite xl s.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5304 : Lat hym..His dever don..That his freend ne shamed be..This oughte no man to refuse.
- a1425 Cursor (Glb E.9)28678 : Þis man..es in will to sin nomare, And refuses [Vsp: For-sakes] penance neuer þe lese, By-cause of flessly febilnes.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)397/26 : A verry obediencer..makiþ him seruaunt to alle, refusinge neuere no labour.
- (1437) *Proc.Chanc.PRO ser.C 1 file 9no.270 : The seide John Tanner and John Monke refuse that refeffement and also wrongfully with holde the evidence of the same landes.
- a1500 Merch.& S.(Cmb Ff.2.38)77 : Ryche men of thys cuntre, That may all yowre wylle performe..all they have seyde me nay and utturly hyt refusydd.
d
- (c1391) Gower CA Suppl.(Bod 294)prol.74* : That thing may nought be refused What that a king himselve bit.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.1195 : Love is of so gret a miht, His lawe mai noman refuse.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.128 : Accepteth thanne of vs the trewe entente That neuere yet refuseden [vrr. refuysed; recusid] thyn heste.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.330 : Þe Comyn wild not..do after þe sawe of Roberd þe Brus; Away he gan him drawe, his conseil to refus.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1211 : Refuseth nat at this tyme my prayere!
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3580 : I you pray..Nought to refusen oure requeste.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)40/32 : Yef sho wille þar stabilnes make, loke þat wille be noht refusid.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)17546 : Priamus that saiyng refuces, He him with-sais In fair manere.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)2.695 : Al old counsail from hym he sette a-side And refusid ther doctryn and ther lore.
- (1439) RParl.5.30b : Yf any Marchant byer wol refuse this Ordenaunce, thanne he to forfait an c s.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)100/27 : It is vileine & a foul þing to refuse..þat þe which may not turne to vice ne to preiudice, þough it be grauntid.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)10050 : God gafe þe law to moyses..And now..þou refusys yt all vnryȝt.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)89/21 : He that reson refuses, reson wolle goo fro hym.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)1.91 : Oþer hobbis ȝe hadden..Reffusynge þe reule of realles kynde.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.A.3005 : Of avovtrie..God hath geven..a full streite charge, But his commaundement is cleene refused.
e
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1015 : Thei of the suggestioun Ne couthen noght a word refuse, Bot for thei wolde hemself excuse, The blame upon the Duck thei leide.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.6745 : In þei goon with-oute noyse or sown..For þe entre was to hem not refusid.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.pr.4.312 : The schrewes..wolden refuse the attendaunce of hir advocattz.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)2b/b : Þe teching doctrine of G..is made hole by experience & by reson in which þinges bene serched & voices bene refused [Ch.(2): schal be forsaken; L refutantur].
- a1525(?1423) Cov.Leet Bk.59 : If so be he be a Notary sworen & admyttyd & may nott refuse hit, þat then the sayd John Mowton be put a-wey from the court.
f
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.4554 : Þei wold..Suraunce & oþe of old made to þe toun Refuse..And allyaunce lete slake and slyde.
- ?a1425 Const.Masonry(1) (Roy 17.A.1)p.269 : Masonus craft they schul refuse And swere hyt neuer more for to vse.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)2.1613 : Thou hast..Wrongli refused thi relegeoun Off God aboue & pleynli hym forsake.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)204 : Such harme was hente, By convencione and pease made so refused.
- (1472-3) RParl.6.54a : The Tenauntes..have refused their tenures and the said Maner lefte waste.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)4534 : My smert yerde I vse, Alle synnes to refuse, And do with-al correccioun.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)2.339 : Iosue..renewede circumcision, refusede by xlti yere.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)5.407 : The Britons..myȝhte not refuse [Trev.: forsake, L renunciare] theire olde rites withowte consente of olde faders.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.A.855 : Than was grace in Ingelonde..But now al suche vertues be cleene refused.
g
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.6005 : No man may his fatal chaunce refuse.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)58/125 : Cristen men þat place refused, None of þam efter þeder vsed.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.11.169 : Fyer fleeth and refuseth alle dyvisioun.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.4091 : I ful cleerli see Myn infortunyes, which may nat be refusid.
- a1450 Parton.(1) (UC C.188)4455 : Thus can love..Make a man maystries vse, And a knyght shame to refuse.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)2.140 : It pleseth..your puple that ye an husbond haue..There is swyche choys; it may not be refused.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)7/33 : Patrices..was take in the batell, and forto refuse the dethe..he become Saresyn.
- a1550(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Sln 1873)2936 : Such placis where lechery is vsyde Moste for this arte vttirly be refuside.
3.
(a) To refuse (to do sth.), be unwilling; (b) to forbid (that sth. be done).
Associated quotations
a
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1238 : If thou refuse To love, thou miht..Ben ydel.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)103a/a : A phisician..refusiþ [L recusat] noȝt to grope..& clense priuey membris and woundis of seke men.
- (1409) Mem.Bk.York in Sur.Soc.125177 : What person of the said crafte that refuses for to com in the maner beforsayd sall pay xx d.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.820 : Pallamydes..wolde nat refuse Taquite hym silf of þis orrible cas.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.m.5.35 : O thou governour..whi refusestow oonly to governe the werkes of men?
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)144a/a : Many wise men, þof al þai couþ þe cure, þai refused or forsoke to entremete hem þer wiþ.
- (1444) RParl.5.112b : If eny persone refuse to serve..yat every Justice..have power..to calle theyme to examination.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)52.791 : Thanne myhte he Refusen..with ȝow to fyhten.
- (1465) Doc.in Gilbert Cal.Dublin 1320 : Whatsomever carter refuce to do as the sayd lawe requiryt, he to les xx s.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)170/3 : The subgectis ought not to refuse to paye that is ordened by the prynces.
- (1477) RParl.6.187b : If..the Pleyntif or Pleyntifs..refusen to be sworn..the Defendaunt or Defendauntes be quite.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)657 : He fille in ful grete drede..That light to fynde men wolde refuse.
b
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.6.91 : Nature refuseth that contrarious thynges ben ijoygned.