Middle English Dictionary Entry
rēchen v.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | rēchen v.(1) Also rech(e, rechchen, recche(n, retchen, reiche(n, rachche & (early) reach(e(n, ræchen, (error) reah. Forms: p. ra(u)ght(e, ra(u)ȝt(e, rauȝht, rauȝthe, ra(u)ht(e, rauȝtte, rauth(e, raut, ragh, rahut, reighte, reiȝte, reght, right & reched(e, reiched, riched; pl. raughte(n, rauȝte(n, etc. & recched, rached; ppl. ra(u)ght, ra(u)ȝt, rauht, rauth, raut & rec(c)hed. |
Etymology | OE rǣcan; p. rǣhte; pl. rǣhton, rāhton & gerǣcan; ppl. gerǣht. Some forms and senses are not clearly distinguishable from similar forms and senses of recchen v.(1), to which some quots. here may belong; cp. esp. recchen v.(1) 2. and rēchen v.(1) 5. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. arechen v.(1) & irechen v.
1.
(a) To stretch out (one's hand, limbs, tongue, etc.); ~ oute (forth, to); (b) to reach out with the hand or arm, stretch out one's hands or arms; ~ forth (oute); ~ up (upward), reach up with one's arms; ~ after (to), reach for (sth.); (c) to succeed in stretching with the hand, arm, etc.; ~ to (in-to, unto), succeed in reaching (sth.) by stretching; (d) of limbs: to stretch out, straighten.
Associated quotations
a
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)24/11 : Te drake..rahte ut his tunge to þe ile of hire helen.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)173/6 : Hwen godd beot hit te, reach [Cleo: reah] to ba þe honden, for wiðdrahe he his hond.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)19791 : To saint petre sco raght [Frf: raȝt; Trin-C: toke] hir hand, And he hir raisd for to stand.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)24617 : To me reuful he raght [Phys-E: raht] his hand, On fote vnethes moght i stand.
- a1425 Here begynnes a new (Roy 17.C.17)171 : In to my syde thi hand now reche & of my wondys af now knawlege.
- a1450(?c1430) Lydg.DM(1) (Hnt EL 26.A.13)561 : Sire Cordelere, to ȝow my hande is rawght, To this daunce ȝow to conueie.
- a1450(?1409) Vision Staunton (Roy 17.B.43)73 : Y..yede to þat ladder aȝen and reght my hond to þat rong.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)2475 : Mankynd, þyne hande hedyr þou reche.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)10561 : He ryched owt his ryȝt hand [vr. reched furth his right Arme].
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)83/8 : If he haue þrist, drynke he a syrupe of roses..and after, reche out [L tendat] his armes a lityll.
b
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)153/18 : Hwon god beot þe, recheð forð mid boþe honden, vor wið drawe he his hond.
- c1300 SLeg.And.(Hrl 2277)95 : Here armes whan hi vpward reiȝte bicome as stif as treo.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.136 : Ful semely after hir mete she raughte [vrr. raghte, rawhte].
- a1400(?a1325) Bonav.Medit.(1) (Hrl 1701)642 : Hys fayre handys oute he streyȝte, And to þe crucyfyers oute he reyȝte.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)432 : Ruyschly [read: runyschly] he raȝt out..Laȝt to his lufly hed, & lyft hit vp sone.
- ?a1425 Const.Masonry(1) (Roy 17.A.1)740 : Sofre hym fyrst to toyche the mete, ȝer thyself to hyt reche.
- c1430(a1410) Love Mirror (Brsn e.9)199 : In euery side of the square borde thre disciples seten..so that they alle myȝte reche in to the myddes and ete of one disshe.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)425 : Rechyn [KC: retchyn], or put forthe, as a mann dothe hys honde: E[x]tendo.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)18.143 : Anon Ryht vpe this Nasciens Rawghte, His Soster there In his armes he Cawghte.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)1329 : To þat mantyl sone he rauȝt..& wt here honde vp hit cauȝt.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)6767 : Dynadron..Raght to þe Reynes, ricchit hom belyue.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)344 : He lifte vp his swerde..and he slytte the shelde as fer as that he raught [F ataint].
c
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)84/1623 : Beues..knette þe rop þar while Ase hiȝ ase a miȝte reche.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)11673 : Þe frut hu suld man reche vnto [Frf: reyche þer-to] Þat man his hand mai to nan do?
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)807 : Þe Romayns..on roddes knytte Siþes..Raȝten to þe ropis, rent hem in sonder.
- c1450(?a1405) Lydg.CBK (Frf 16)111 : With myn hede into [vr. vnto] the welle a raght, And of the watir dranke I a good draght.
d
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)51/159 : Hore limes bi-gunne to rechchen a-riȝht, and hole bi-comen a-non.
2.
(a) To take (sth.) in one's hand, lay hold of, grasp; also, take (water in the skirt of one's garment); (b) to take hold of (sb.), catch; catch (birds); take (sb. by the hand, arm, etc., a bull by the horns, a falcon by the head), seize; take (one's horse); ~ doun, pull (sth.) down, tear down, topple; ~ up, raise (sb. by the hand); (c) to obtain (sth.), acquire; seize (goods, treasure, etc.); take (sb.) by force; recover (Christianity), retrieve; of a flood: sweep (sb.) away; ~ to, gain (a kingdom); (d) ~ in, to pull in (a rein); ~ of, pull (sth.) off; ben raught henne, die; (e) to suffer (harm, trouble, etc.), receive; (f) to bring about (sth.), achieve; also, undertake (an adventure); ~ upon roum, achieve a clear or an open area.
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)1854 : His rote, wiþ outen wen, He rauȝt bi þe ring.
- c1390 Treat.Mass (Vrn)344 : He rauhte þe Rolle bi þe ende, Wiþ his teth a-non He logged.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)19075 : His hand he raght [Ld: toke], and up he ras.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.229 : A trestille Edward rauht þat heuy was of pais.
- c1400 St.Anne(1) (Min-U Z.822.N.81)2801 : Ihesus in hys lappe water raght.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.8295 : He..rauȝt a spere..And Philomene he ȝaf..a wounde.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)158 : Our hoost in hast haþ my bridel rauht.
- (?c1425) Hoccl.Jonathas (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)498 : Of þat fruyt more he raghte.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)10215 : Troiell..Reiches his Reynis & his roile strykes.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)75 : I raughte the righte legge by-fore, ritt it þer-aftir.
- c1450(c1400) Sultan Bab.(Gar 140)1286 : A swerde he raught in þat place That was trussed on Ferumbras stede.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)68 : J haue rauht [F bailliees] hem and vnfolden hem and taken hem thee.
- a1475(a1450) Tourn.Tott.(Hrl 5396)179 : He styrt up..And raȝt Dawkyn hys flayle.
- a1500(a1400) Cleges (Adv 19.1.11)196 : He rawȝt [vr. rawȝht] a bowe ouer hys hede And rosse vpe in that stede.
b
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)11.353 : Moche merueilled me..who tauȝte hem on trees to tymbre so heighe, Þere noither buirn ne beste may her briddes rechen.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.3306 : With manly hert he rauȝt by þe horn Þe sterne bolis.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.4311 : Hercules..raȝte his hors aȝeyn.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)1772 : He start vp and wolde haue him rawȝt [Auch: ynome], Bote where he was he no wiste nouȝt.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)26/14 : Þe lady..rauȝt þe faukun by þe heued & drouȝ it þerfro.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)232/285 : Fro we may reche þat rekeles, His ribbis schall we rappe.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2916 : He raȝt him þan be þe arme..And to his palais..him ledis.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5284 : Scho..Raȝt him by þe riȝt hand & raikis to a chambre.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)171/5105 : Might y hir reche, anoon y shulde hir sle.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)233/15 : And thou be raught with that rought, raunsom..woll they none aske.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)524/10 : He raught hym so sore by the helme that he pulled hym undir hys feete.
- c1483(?a1450) OT in Caxton Gold.Leg.(Caxton)f.61va : He was so wroth that he threwe doun the tables and brake them .. & ran and raught doun the calf that they had made and brente and smote it al to pouldre.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)697 : He kneled be-fore the damesell..and the damesell..raught hym vp [F le redrece] be the honde.
c
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)10684 : Þa cleopede Arður ..'Her ich cume, Colgrim; to cuððen wit scullen ræchen..wit scullen þis lond dalen swa þe bið alre laððest.'
- c1390 Þe man þt luste (Vrn)54 : Þauȝ he beo riht witti and wyse, Ȝit luytel þonk he schal him reche.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1912 : Þe beist thoght selcut-li god Þat þei hade raght þair kindle fode.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)2660 : Þat þou hast had in knowleche, Þine as heritage shul hit reche [Vsp: haue], Al þe kyndome of þis lond To haue.
- ?a1400(a1338) *Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Petyt 511)[16076] 92a/b : Þat bisshop com his folk to preche, þer cristendom fro paen to reche [Lamb: fro Paen wreche].
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)prol.72 : He..rauȝte [vrr. rauhte, rauthe, raut, Raughte hym, rauȝthe hem] wiþ his rageman ryngis & brochis.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.3303 : Þe flodis rauȝt hem from her stondynge place.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.6400 : Þei brake þe lokkes & rauȝt þe good And þe tresour.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.1193 : He [Nimrod] wolde haue..Robbid God & from hym rauht the heuene.
- a1450 When adam delf (Cmb Dd.5.64)19 : Of erth aght þat þe was raght þou sal not haue.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)23/679 : As sone as that y haue it raught, Daunger birevith hit me..The smalle plesere that y haue to me kaught.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)59/1740 : Sore y drede lest they be from him rought Thorugh false conspire of sum vnhappy wight.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)7/9 : A child..was sodeynly be þe deuele rawt from his faderes armes.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)247 : No man..may reche þis grete present But he that hath vertuys excellent.
- a1500 Bevis (Chet 8009)50/837 : Thes knyghtes that Beues raught fro Bradmond, He led ham fforth.
- c1600(?c1395) PPl.Creed (Trin-C R.3.15)733 : After þat his rychesse is rauȝt, he schal ben redy serued.
d
- a1450(c1433) Lydg.St.Edm.(Hrl 2278)434/1188 : A fals brybour..Kyssed the shryne..And with his teth..Rauhte off a nowche.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2766 : Fawnell..raghte in þe reyne on þe stede ryche And rydes.
- a1500(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Dub 213)29/799* : Þou must rewle all my realm qwen I am raght hyne.
e
- a1500(?c1400) Song Roland (Lnsd 388)756 : Of the hethyn hound no harm he reches.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)746 : Alle be itt ye fynde hym þat wil you teche, yet moche trowble & peynes ye may reche.
- a1500 Mirror Salv.(Beeleigh)p.117 : Of the Jewes cruwelle mykel persecucionne he raght.
f
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1533 : Sone he raght vpon rowme, rid vp þe dykis, Serchit vp the soile þere þe Citie was.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)3883 : This prinse with his pure strenght plainly auercome All Auntres in Armys þat he euer raght.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)1730 : All was venomd with the vermyne that suld oght reche þer releue.
3.
(a) To touch (sth.), come into contact with; touch (sb.) with the hand; ~ to, !a succeed in touching (sth.); (b) to pierce (the brain or heart), penetrate; ~ blod, shed blood; ~ in-to, of light: penetrate into (a place), shine; ~ thurgh, penetrate (a joint of the body), pass through; ~ to, penetrate to (the bone, breast, root of the heart); also fig.; (c) to strike (sb. or sth.) with a weapon; ~ to, attack (sb.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1225 St.Juliana (Roy 17.A.27)50/433 : Grisen him mahen þet sehen hu hit grond in hwet so hit rahte.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2915 : Heigh labour..Was at the seruyce and the fyr makynge, That with his grene top the heuene raughte.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)24464 : Me-thoght moght it apon him rine..And wit mi hand him ans reche..I suld ha ben all hale.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)20.144 : Þe paume haþ power to..receyuen þat þe fyngres rechen.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.540 : Argus..hath wrouȝt a schip..Which was þe first þat euer wawe rauȝt.
- a1450(?1409) Vision Staunton (Roy 17.B.43)73 : Onnethe might my fynger reche therto.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1374 : With hir fet she erthe reighte [vr. right], And with hir hed she touched hevene.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)408 : Vppon the grounde it stode ful strauȝt And with his heede the rooff he rauȝt.
b
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)19/200 : Þe rawen rahten of luue þurh euch lið of his limes.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)1479 : Tristrem rauȝt his brain And brak his nek bon.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)119b/b : Þis liȝt rechiþ in to [L attingit] eueriche place.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)24390 : To bide i most wit-vten bote, It raght mi hert al thoru þe rote.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)15788 : Ilk dint þai him gaf, hit reyched to þe bane.
- c1425 Mirror LM&W (Hrl 45)137/15 : Sacrilege is also when a man in violence recheþ blood of another in holy chirche.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1400 : Wyth my spud of sorwe swote I reche to þyne hert rote.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)222/4 : He..smote the todir on the hede, that to the breste hit raughte.
c
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)212/4519 : Al þo, þat a miȝte reche, Ne dorste he neuer aske leche.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)1477 : Gij þat on wiþ his swerd rauȝt, His heued of fleye wiþ þat drauȝt.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)540 : Roulond wiþ þe swerdes end Reiȝte Otuwel oppon þe lende.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1193 : What rink so he rauȝt, he ros neuer after.
- a1400 Bevis (Eg 2862)117/2445 : Þe lionesse seyȝe þat sight And rauȝt [vr. ranne] to B.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2331 : He rauȝtte Agilon, Þat he cutted his nekbon.
- a1450 Parton.(1) (UC C.188)9935 : The kynges meyne to hym so rauth, That of hem many a stroke he cauth.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)5851 : Anoþir he rauȝte vpon þe scheeld, Þat helme and hed ffleyȝ into þe ffeeld.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)10882 : Ho raght to hym radly, reft hym his sheld.
- c1450(c1400) Sultan Bab.(Gar 140)2923 : Richard raught him with a barr of bras.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)45/3 : Ponthus smote so grete strokes and sore that he brake all that he raght.
- a1500(?c1400) Song Roland (Lnsd 388)796 : Whom he raught in the rout, his lif last.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)288 : He slough man and horse whom that he raught with his axe.
4.
(a) To hand (sth. to sb.), give; grant (a kingdom or dwelling to sb.); also, give (sb. a kiss); ~ ceptre (coroune), crown (sb.); ~ ayen, return (sth. to sb.), hand back; ~ forth, hand (sth. to sb.); ~ up coroune, crown (sb., his horse); (b) ~ to, to hand (sth.) to (sb.), give; grant (a kingdom) to (sb.); hand over (a horse) to (sb.); reach (a spear) out to (sb.); (c) to give (sth.) to somebody; hand over (captives); give something to (sb.); ~ aye, hand (sth.) back, return; ~ up girdel, submit to fate, die; (d) to give (reverence, one's blessing, etc. to sb.); (e) to deal (a blow to sb.), strike; ~ to, deal (a blow) to (sb.).
Associated quotations
a
- a1350 Of a mon (Hrl 2253)34 : Ryht were þat me raht þe mon þat al day wraht þe more mede anyht.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)308 : For hauke siluer he ȝold, Þe fairest men him rauȝt.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3682 : His moder him þis mete bitaght, And he it suith his fader raght [Frf: raȝt; Göt: rahut].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)17634 : Þai hailsed him..And raght him for to rede þat scritte.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)561 : Hym rwed þat he hem uprerde and raȝt hem lyflode.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1739 : Þy rengne rafte is þe fro, and raȝt is þe Perses.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)21.283 : Rys vp, ragamoffyn, and reche me alle þe barres.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1817 : Ho raȝt hym a riche rynk of red golde werkez.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2059 : Ȝif I myȝt lyf..any quyle, I schuld rech yow sum rewarde.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2351 : Þou kyssedes my clere wyf, þe cossez me raȝtez.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)934 : Þe Romayns risen vp a renk..& hym þe croune rauȝte.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)956 : Comen renkes fram Rome..Louten alle to þe lord, letres hym rauȝten [vrr. toke, schewyd, brought].
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)47 : Upon my bed I sat upright And bad oon reche me a book.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)817 : Þis renke & his rounsy þai reche vp a croune.
- c1450(a1400) Chev.Assigne (Clg A.2)176-7 : He recheth her forth haluenndele a cheyne, And she rawȝte hit hym aȝeyne and seyde she ne rowȝte.
- a1500(c1400) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)256 : For I rewardid euer riȝt, þai raght me the septre.
- a1500(c1400) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)338 : Wyt reuerence a rowme he raȝt hyr for euer.
b
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)3682 : His modir him þis mete bitauȝt, he hit to his fadir rauȝt.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.4222 : His hors from hym also he cauȝte, And to his squier manfully it rauȝte.
- ?a1450 MLChrist (Add 39996)3772 : He raght hit to þe womman þen And sche fel doun vppon hir knen.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)10876 : The horse of þat hathell hent ho belyue, And raght by the Reynes to a ranke maiden.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5542 : He..raȝt to þaim þire rekenthis to rewle & to hald.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)7.35 : His stappemoder rechid to hym a pece that he myȝhte drynke.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)134/32 : The seynt come and rechid to hym his spere and drowȝ hym oute of the water.
c
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)691 : Þe ring heo wolde aȝe reche, And to Floriz him biteche.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)790 : Quen sco þis frutte biheild..left sco nogh[t] for drede of blam Bot tok and ette and raght [Göt: gaf] adam.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)3649 : I sal ham diȝt..a mete atte he was wont to loue..quen hit ys diȝt salle þou hit reiche.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)66 : Riche forth runnen to reche honde-selle, Ȝeȝed ȝeres ȝiftes on hiȝ.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1804 : Ȝe haf deserued..More rewarde bi resoun þen I reche myȝt.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1527 : They raughte in þe rerewarde full ryotous knyghtez.
- a1450 Pore of spirit (Dgb 102)20 : Man þat in herte is mylde..Shal owe þe erþe and þeron bylde, In helpe of mony his rychesse reche.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)758 : Þou seis me, lede, or oȝt lange in þi lande armed, And oþire recouyre me þi rewme or reche vp þe girdill.
d
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5308 : I sal þe to þe king be teche, And siþen þe mi blissing reche [Frf: reyche].
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1369 : Uche duk..Schulde com to his cort..to reche hym reverens.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)3022 : Þe ryth red þou me reche.
- a1500(c1400) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)280 : Say me of þi soule in sele quere ho wonnes, And of þe riche restorment þat raȝt hyr oure Lorde.
e
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)129/1617 : Suche a strooke he haþ him rauȝt Þat his sheld fel al to nouȝt.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2324 : I haf a stroke in þis sted with-oute stryf hent, & if þow rechez me any mo, I redyly schal quyte.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)792 : Syche buffetez he hym rechez with hys brode klokes, Hys brest and his brayell whas blodye all ouer.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1111 : With his burlyche brande a box he hym reches.
- c1450(c1400) Sultan Bab.(Gar 140)1347 : He raught a stroke to Ferumbras.
- c1450(c1400) Sultan Bab.(Gar 140)1605 : Such a stroke she hym ther raught, The brayne sterte oute of his hede þan.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)203/11,16 : The kynge shuntys a lytyll and rechis hym a dynte hyghe uppon the haunche..raught hym a buffette and kut his baly in sundir.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)5734 : The tother Rauhte hym swych a strook That he fyl ded.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)645 : He Rawght Torrent soche a Rowght, Hys steddes brayne he smot owte.
- c1500 Libeaus (Ashm 61)278/667b : Or he his schaft vpcauȝh, Libeus a stroke hym rauȝht [Lamb: gaffe; Clg: yaf].
5.
(a) To go, proceed; also, come; -- also refl.; (b) ~ to, to succeed in getting to (a place, sb., a stag), manage to reach; ~ up to, succeed in getting as high as (a goal); (c) ~ to, to equal (the goodness or renown of sb., the love shown by God); merit (reverence); ~ to (til, unto), achieve (honor, happiness, joys), attain; (d) to come to (sb., a place), succeed in reaching, approach, arrive at; also fig.; (e) of smoke, a smell, etc.: to rise; ~ up; ~ to (in-to, til, unto), ~ up to, rise as far as (heaven); (f) ~ oute of slepe, to wake up suddenly, start up out of sleep.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 Evang.(Dlw 22)322 : Of þe prude in herte he dide wreche, Ant dide þe meke on hey to reche [vr. reeche].
- c1330 Degare (Auch)332 : Þo þenne God he him bitawt, And aiþer fram oþer wepyng rawt.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)9.30 : Ȝif he ne rise þe raþer and rauhte [vr. ȝede] to þe steorne, Þe wynt wolde..þe Bot ouer-þrowe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5962 : Þan sent godd þam on a flei..On pharaon and his to draght Þat ouer all his landes raght [Frf: ragh; Göt: rauht; Trin-C: rauȝt].
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)2209 : Ouerall he rahut [Vsp: raxhild him; Trin-C: went] wid gret vtrage.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)619 : Resttez here on þis rote, and I schal rachche after And brynge a morsel of bred.
- c1400 St.Anne(1) (Min-U Z.822.N.81)1850 : To Iosep & mary fast þai raghte.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.447 : Up he sterte, and on his wey he raughte, Til she agayn hym by the lappe kaughte.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)5003 : Tydynges ronne, þat ouer al reches [F vole]..Þat Romayns were aryue on land.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5510 : He..Raȝt on to þe reede See & rerid þare his tentis.
- c1450(c1405) Mum & S.(2) (Add 41666)553 : Thenne raughte I fro religion..And caried to closes and cathedralle churches.
- c1450(c1405) Mum & S.(2) (Add 41666)911 : The conyngz..raughte oute a raundon and retournyd agaynes.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.23 : This drerynesse out of myn herte gan reche.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)168 : Sith to othir placis of holynes þey rauȝte.
b
- c1300 Evang.(Dlw 22)433 : Þou þeim schalt þe sothe teche, Hu þei scal to heuene reche [vr. reeche].
- a1325 SLeg.(Corp-C 145)271/202 : Cristendom hi wolleþ ȝou teche..And ssolle ȝe to heuene reche to þe heie kynge.
- c1390 NHom.Narrat.(Vrn)16.262/76 : Þat stag vp step..And to hym reche mihte he nouht.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1840 : Was na creatur in liue Þat moght to grund or reche or riue, Bot it war fisse.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)906 : Til ȝe reche to a reset, rest ȝe never.
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)2099 : To hem rauȝtte no caste But þe quarel of þe arblaste.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)68/28 : The feet naylid ben maad laddris to þee, þat þou atteyne or reche up to þe wounde of þe syde.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.1191 : He [Nimrod] wolde haue rauht up to the sterris seuene.
c
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)1929 : Alle þe penaunce þat þou mayst do Ne may nat reche [F atend] here godenes to.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.195 : In armes is þer none þat to þi renoun reches.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1243 : To reche to such reuerence..I am wyȝe vn-worþy.
- a1450 Myne awen dere sone (Vsp D.13)234 : Another witte I sall þe teche, Wherthurgh þou sall till honour reche.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)11/9 : Þouȝ alle þe loues þat euere were..were festened in oo loue, ȝit ne myȝt it..reche to þe loue þat God haþ schewyd to vs.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)33/32 : Fast wolde þei stryue aȝeyn hemself wiþ werkis of penaunce þat weele to wynne, ffor wiþ noþing ellis may men þerto reche.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)159/233 : God I here be-sech, on to his joyis þat we may rech.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)131.13 : If thai kepe noght, the hetynge fayls, and tha that kepis rechis til the honure.
d
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)10 : Reken wyth reverence þay r[ec]hen his auter.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)890 : Uch on roþeled to þe rest þat he reche moȝt.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)5485 : Might Ector Thoas haue reched, Schuld neuere man haue him teched [read: leched].
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)1320 : Two dayes þey sailled..Þat lond ne hauene reche þey ne myght.
- a1500(?c1400) Song Roland (Lnsd 388)190 : Halfondell of my men I the be-teche..þat no harm the reche.
- a1500 Þe most worthye (BodPoet e.1)p.95 : Ivy is soft and mek off spech..Well is he that may hyre rech.
e
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2742-4 : O sodome haue i herd þe cri, Þe smike it reches [Frf: rekys; Göt: rises] to þe scki; Þe word es wers þan man mai neuen, Þe reke es raght vn-to [Frf: hit reychis vn-to; Göt: it rechis into] þe heuen.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3105 : It brend, þe reke raght vp euen [Frf: raȝt vp til heyuen].
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)1644 : No mon her synne may say no seke, Þerof to heuen recheþ [Vsp: rises] þe smeke.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.6410 : Þe stremys of his woundys rede So hiȝe rauȝt..Þat þe statue..Defouled was.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.PPeace (Hrl 2255)84 : For bicause that she lovyd moost, Hir contemplacioun rauht vp to the heuene.
f
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)3191 : Hys chambyrlayns wakyd hym..And woodely oute of hys slepe he raught.
6.
(a) To comprehend, understand; comprehend (sth.), master; succeed in learning (sth.), attain to; ~ to, adopt (a terminology) for (oneself); ~ until, understand (sth.); (b) with inf.: to manage (to do sth.), succeed (in doing sth.); also, be sufficient (to do sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)27332 : Als ferre als he may reche [Frf: reyche], Þe forme o scrift til him he teche.
- (1440) Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)1918 : Wondir termes to him hatz he rawt.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)160/98 : Itt wer wondir þat any wight Vn-till oure reasouns right schulde reche.
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)39/20 : Crucyfexes..er made..to the lyknes of crystes passyon als farfurthe as man ys witte maye reche.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)215 : No man cowde yet this science reche But if god sende him a master hym to teche.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)1591 : Noon olde auctour..with other dide accorde In the proporcions, which if ye wolde reche, Raymond with Bacon with Albert doon it teche.
b
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.217 : And he may not reche for to greue oþere, þan he bycomeþ angry and cruel to hym self.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)11385 : Elles moght not kinges thre Haf raght to ride sa ferr ewai.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)5198 : To hast his sonis wald he reke, He cries on þaim as ȝong man were.
- (1440) *Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)2931 : God wold he schuld teche, To þis sturdy nacion to loke if he myth reche To bryng hem to þe ȝok of holy buxumnesse.
- c1450 PPl.B (RwlPoet 38)14.230 : His rentes ne wol nauȝte reche no riche metes to bugge.
7.
(a) To extend, stretch in size, reach; of hair, a mantle, etc.: hang, fall; also fig.; ppl. rechande as adj., of an argument: far-reaching; (b) ~ from..to (unto), to extend from (one place) to (another place); ~ from..until, extend from (one time) to (another time); ~ to (til, unto), extend as far as (a place or point); (c) to amount to; ~ to, amount to (a sum of money).
Associated quotations
a
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2232 : Do we wel and make a toure..Þat may reche heghur þan heuen.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)8080 : Lang and side þair broues wern, And recched [Vsp: hinged] al a-boute þair ern.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)183 : A much berd..ouer his brest henges, Þat wyth his hiȝlich here, þat of his hed reches, Watz euesed al vmbe-torne.
- (1420) Doc.in Sur.Soc.8517 : Yay awarde..that bathe the partyes make..the gutter, als ferre als yt reches.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)330 : By þat well hinges a bacyne..With a cheyne..Þat wil reche into þe well.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)3814 : Pardon..May þam relese of þe dede of payn, Als fer-forthe als pardon may reche.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)6311 : Þe mercy of God..reches over alle, bathe fer and nere.
- a1425(?a1400) Cloud (Hrl 674)118/7 : Sensualite is a miȝte of oure soule, rechyng & regnyng in þe bodely wittes.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)29 : The ryalls full richely raughten frome the myddes.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)66/18 : But þou restore aȝen as ferforth as þi good may reche, þou mayst noȝt be sauyd.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)156/134 : In pompe and pryde his myght gynnyth reche.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)45a/b : Þe concauyte of þe cod þe which rechiþ doun bytwene þe vttere fleisch & þe boon of þe schar in eiþir side of þe ȝerde is clepid dindimus.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)1.1 : Pestilens is a neuyl rechand o lenght and bred.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)106/28 : It ys nedfull to þe chese a sotell man, þat hauyn most stalworth tokenyng, and most rechand [Ashmole: myghtyest; L validius] argument.
- a1500(1465) Leversedge Vision (Add 34193)31 : The seid mantell was reching down ouer hir feet in lenght.
b
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)28/32 : Semde as þah ha sehe i þe glistende glem þe deorewurðe rode reache to þe heouene.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.67 : Þat wode Calaterye..recheþ almest to York [L attingit pene Eboracum] and streccheþ toward þe north by Aldeburgh.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3696 : Stille he stant vnder the shot wyndowe; Vnto his brest it raughte, it was so lowe.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Th.(Manly-Rickert)B.1921 : His heer, his berd was lyk safroun, That to his girdel raughte [vrr. rauht; straught; kauȝt] adoun.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)250a/b : A Beme..hatte Trabs..And haþ þat name of traho..'to reche', ffor þey rechen [L ab vno pariete ad alium trahitur] fro oon walle to anoþer.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)3780 : In slepe he say a ladder strauȝt, Fro his heed to þe sky hit rauȝt.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.241 : Þe kyng controued þer ouer a brigge forto make..fro bank to bank rauht itte.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.956 : Touris wern reysen vp so hiȝe Þat þei raȝt almost vn to þe skye.
- (1420) Doc.in Sur.Soc.8516 : The walle..ys William Selby awen, fra the water of Ouse un to the post that standys thare and reches to the grounde anent the lede.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)554 : Þe tother part of þe lyf..reches fra þe bygynnyng Of mans lyfe until þe endyng.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1022 : Hir tresses yelowe..Unto hir helys doun they raughten.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1090 : His berde..till his brest rechede.
- a1450(?1409) Vision Staunton (Roy 17.B.43)73 : I..saw a ladder fro þe top of þe towour reching vnto the grownd.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)798 : Hus bus be-gin with hert & wil To rase þe stegh þat rechis þer-til.
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)141/740 : Ley on a clout..also longe as it wol reche fro þat on þowwong to þat oþer.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)19a/b : Þe moste principal boon..rechiþ fro þe vpmeste extremite of þe nose vn to þe selue seeme þat departiþ þe heed ouerþwart.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)110/28 : Whan to the hippe, other to the myddell therof they [hands] rechen, they declaren an il-willed man.
c
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)97/14 : Ȝe schulen lihtliche iseon hu lutel hit reacheð [Tit: reaches].
- (1431) Plea Sharpe in RS 28.5 pt.1 (Hrl 3775)454 : The temporaltes of Bysshoppes..rechen to the summe of three hundred and thirty-two thousand marke be ȝere.
8.
(a) To increase in area or length, expand, stretch; ~ along, ~ oute; ppl. reched, elongated, stretched; ppl. reching, able to stretch, elastic; (b) ~ oute, to extend (a wing of an army); ~ to, send or extend (a branch of a vein) to (a part of the body); (c) to stretch (Christ) on the cross; ~ on rode (tre; (d) of Christ: to be stretched on the cross; (e) to expand (one's power), extend.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.317 : A craftes man hadde i-founde a craft of temperynge of glas to make þe glas tough i-now to bende and wende and recche out wiþ strokes of hameres.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)163/2 : Þe lungis ben maad of iij substauncis: of fleisch þat is recchinge, & braunche of arterijs, & of veynis.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)175/24 : In tyme of child berynge þe ligaturis recchiþ [L possit ampliari].
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)188/2 : Þe cause whi þat makiþ a man ballid ben þese, as whanne þe skyn recchiþ along, & if his bodi be drie & þinne.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)262/8 : If þe palet be recchid along, & if it be so long þat it lie vpon þe tunge, þan þou muste kutte awei as miche þerof as þee þinkiþ good.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)268/25,27 : Sumtyme siphac is kutt, & sumtyme it recchiþ along [L relaxatur]..If siphac be recchid aboute þe nauele..þat þou myȝt knowe in þis maner.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)322/9 : Þe ligaturis þerof [of the neck] ben recching & feble.
- a1425 Christ.Belief (LoC 4)16/614 : Kan you tell me hou þat tendre mater þat þou was made of in þi moderes vombe, hou summe þareof hardened into bones, summe fletyd into merygh, summe reched oute into synnes and vayns?
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)425 : Rechyn [Win: Recchyn], as lethyr: Dilato, extendo.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)235/3 : He þat with a cald for ioy was shronken to-gedur, þan with a hete of angrynes hys synos rached & lowsid.
- a1486 Arms Chivalry (Mrg M 775)43 : The armynge poyntis..muste be wexid with cordeweneris coode, and than they woll neythir recche nor breke.
b
- (a1460) Vegetius(2) (Pmb-C 243)2002 : Ay bewar, lest his right wynge clappe Aboute thi lift horn; this is remedie To rech it out.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)33a/a : Þe principal assendaunt is diuidid, sendynge to eiþir arme oon braunche, where eiþir of hem is departid, recchinge to þe necke and to þe þrote bolle her braunchis.
c
- a1300 Hwi ne serue (Jes-O 29)5 : Crist..on rode wes rauht.
- c1390 Bi west (Vrn)64 : Þou maiȝt se Mi woundes wete..As I was rauȝt on Roode-tre.
- c1390 Nou Bernes (Vrn)11 : Þat lord þat rauȝt was on þe Roode, He kepe þi comeli cumpayne.
- a1475 PPl.A(1) (Ashm 1468)4.148 : Was rauth [Vrn: Bi him þat rauhte on þe Roode].
d
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)4.148 : 'Bi him þat rauhte [vrr. rauȝþe, rawt; reste, deiȝede] on þe Roode,' quod Reson to þe kyng, 'Bote I Rule þus þi Reame, Rend out my Ribbes!'
e
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)4829 : Ȝoure fon ssolle hor poer among ow wide reche.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.664 : Sche began the wode rage And axex him what devel he thoghte And bar on hond that him ne roghte What labour that sche toke on honde And seith that such an Housebonde Was to a wif noght worth a Stre.
Note: New spelling
- ?c1475(?a1400) LChart.Chr.B (Cmb Ii.3.26)78/377 : A well fayre mayde me hit reyȝt And oute of hir bosom y hit broȝt.
Note: New spelling
- a1400 ME Verse in Anglia 92p.72 : Þu wysdom þat crepedest out of Godes mouþe, þat rechest frame est to west, fram norþ to souþ, þat alle þynges madest throw þy myth, come to tech vs þe wey of flyth.
Note: Additional quote(s)