Middle English Dictionary Entry
raisī̆n n.
Entry Info
| Forms | raisī̆n n. Also raising(e, -son, rasin, -sen, -son, racin, razin, -zing, reisin, -singe, -sen, -sein, -son(e, -soun, reissin, reissinge, resin, -son, roison; pl. raisins, etc. & reisin. |
| Etymology | OF: cp. CF raisin, razin, resin, roisin, AF reisin & AL racēnus, rasīnus, raicīnus, resīnus, reisīnus, vars. of L racēmus. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A grape, cluster of grapes; also in proverb; (b) a raisin; gret ~; ~ graines, raisin seeds; (c) ~ corauns, ~ of corauns, a Corinthian raisin, currant [see also corauns n.]; (d) pl. the fruit of a tree.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Lev.19.10 : Ne in þy vyneȝard þe reysonys & coornes fallynge doun þou shalt not gedere to geders.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Ob.1.5 : Ȝif gadreris of grapis hadden entriden to thee, wher at the leste thei shulden haue left racyns [WB(2): nameli clustris; L racemum] to thee?
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mic.7.1 : Y am maad as he that gadrith in heruest rasyns of grape tyme [WB(2): rasyns of grapis].
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)5184 : Jt wil al fruyt ete, Applen, noten, reisyns, and whete.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Judg.8.2 : Whethir a reisyn [WB(1): graape] of Effraym is not betere than the vindagis of Abiezer?
- a1425 Roy.17.C.17 Nominale (Roy 17.C.17)647/33 : Racemus: rasyn.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)41/6 : Þere nygh is the vyne þat seynt Iohn the Euuangelist planted, þat men clepen Reisins of Staphis.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)112/2 : The peper groweth in maner as doth a wylde vyne..And the fruyt þerof hangeth in manere as resynges [Man.(2): bobbes of grapes].
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1352 : So largely & so delauyly of licoure..Of ane rasyn to ryn it was a ryfe wondire.
- c1475 Abbrev.Trip.SSecr.(UC 85)360/2-4 : The wyne made of the reysen growinge in hilles agains the sunne is of driere kynde than is the wyne made of reysen growinge in playne cuntree and moiste.
- a1500 Mayer Nominale (Mayer)738/39 : Racemus: a raysyn.
- 1532(?a1400) RRose (Thynne)3689 : No man..Ne may..of the reysyns have the wyn Tyl grapes be rype.
b
- [ (1278) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.100486 : In..ficubus, Raycinys, et novem lagenis vini, et aliis, 42 s.. ]
- (1302-3) Sacrist R.Ely 217 : ij fraellis de fyges et Reysingis.
- c1330(?c1300) Reinbrun (Auch)p.632 : Þai brouȝte..Fykes, reisyn, dates.
- c1350 Cmb.Ee.4.20.Nominale (Cmb Ee.4.20)691 : Fige, reysyn, et poperouge; Fige, reysynge, and hope.
- 1381 Pegge Cook.Recipes (Dc 257)p.105 : Dresse yt wyth graynis of Poungarnetts other wyth reysens.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)255a/b : A Reysoun in þe singuler is y-cleped vua passa.. þis grape and reysoun hatte vua passa ffor they suffreþ hete of þe sonne, and þis is best to ete.
- (a1399) Form Cury (Add 5016)p.63 : Do þerto oynons icorue..and grete raysons.
- a1400 Recipe MS Hal.in Rel.Ant.1 (Hal 335)51 : Tak a fatte katte..and the fatte of a bare, and resynes.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)26b/b : Emplaster of Auicen of ficz & rasenez & nuttes & barly mele coct with wyne war gode to mature & to bruste.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)163b/a : Take..drie figes, raysinges wiþouten stones.
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)189 : For every frael fygges, reyseyns, and of all other thynges put in frael, for the frael, ob.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)428 : Reysone, or reysynge, frute: Uva passa, carica, rasemus.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)4.933 : Reyson graynes with dew Siriake..is forto take.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)11.526 : The reysoun Greek in this maner they make: They se where hongith grapis goode & swete..they lete Hem honge & drie awhile in sonnes hete.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)30 : A Potage of Roysons: Take Raysonys & do a-way þe kyrnellys.
- c1450 Trin-C.LEDict.(Trin-C O.5.4)621/8 : Vuapassa: resonn.
- c1470(?1458) Wey Prevision (Bod 565)5 : Y consel you to haue wyth you owte of Venyse..fygys, reysenes gret and smal, whyche schal do yow gret ese by the wey.
- a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sln 1986)p.16 : Sethe þenne oþer raysyns grete In rede wyne.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)77/36 : He þat vche day etys seuyn dragmes of pressyd rasynges of good swetnes, he shal noght doute of no manere fleumatyke siknesses.
- a1500(a1451) Commodities Eng.(LdMisc 593)553 : Owte of the Sowthe est Contrey..They brynge..Reyssynges.
- a1500 Mirror Salv.(Beeleigh)59 : Thai callid figes, Razines and Nuttes and apples collibies.
- ?a1525(?a1475) Play Sacr.(Dub 652)180 : Spycys I hawe..And reysones both more and lesse.
c
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)630/15 : Vua passa ben raysyns of Coraunce, hote & moyste, wiþ softenynge.
- (1432-3) Grocer Lond.(Kingdon)223 : Resseyvyd of Robert Merchall for a fyne for þe Beyying off Reyssins of Corent.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)13 : Do þer-to gode powder of Gyngere..& Roysonys of coraunce.
- (1456) Doc.in HMC Rep.5 App.491b : Payd to John Young for powder off synamon, peper, clowys, maces, safferon, and rasons off Corans, 3 s. 6 d.
- (1463) Acc.Howard in RC 57217 : Item, ffor vj li. reysonys off corawnce.
- a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sln 1986)p.16 : Take raysyns of corauns þerto.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)102a : A Rasyn of Coran [Monson: Rasyns of coran: vuapassa].
- a1485 *Hrl.1735 Cook.Recipes (Hrl 1735)113 (f.17r) : Do þerto pouder of galingale, reysinngs of corance, quybybes, & soden peres.
d
- c1300 SLeg.Inf.Chr.(LdMisc 108)168 : Ich þe comaundi, treo, þat þou heonne forthþe ward beo Fruyt berinde in paradis Jn Min orchard with oute mis, And multepliinde þat þou beo Of racines þat comieth of þe, Þat wellene springuen out of þi rote With watur.
- a1500 BodAdd.A.106 Lapid.(BodAdd A.106)p.45 : Acate is..fund of many manerez..yer be som yt haues fygures, as yt wer resonnez [Dc.291 Lapid.: braunches; Peterb.Lapid.: branchis; F rames] & som as bestes yt naturs has sette.