Middle English Dictionary Entry
prīvāt(e adj.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | prīvāt(e adj.(1) Pl. prīvāte(s. |
Etymology | L prīvātus, ppl. of prīvāre. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Pertaining or belonging to oneself, not shared, individual; of a path: not public; ~ hidles, private refuge(s; ~ lucre, selfish gain; ~ offices, individual duties; ~ penaunce, a penance performed in private; ~ revelacioun, revelation to an individual; ~ thinges (exercises), private devotional acts; (b) ~ sel, the privy seal; (c) of a religious rule: not shared by Christendom generally, distinctive; of religious orders and individuals: living by a separate rule, set apart; fals ~ religioun, evil, exclusive religion; ~ religiounes, religious orders in the church; ~ religiosite, regular religion; (d) ~ persoune, a subject commoner; an individual [quot.: (1437)]; an individual not involved in government, a single subject [quot.: Fortescue 144]; (e) med. of the cause of an ailment: existing in the affected member or an adjacent one, local.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)332a/b : Eueriche wey is comyn oþer priuate [L priuata]..þe priuate wey longiþ to nyȝe towne and is schort and nyȝ and ofte ygrowe wiþ gras for selde of feete and is bysette wiþ trees in eiþer side.
- a1400 CMSoul (Bod 923)263,264 : The thrid is cleped a priuate penaunce or a secrete penaunce..Priuate penaunce is that penaunce which is done alday whan a man will priuely be confessed of his schrifte fadir.
- ?a1425 Wycl.CGosp.Luke (Cmb Kk.2.9:Hudson)24/148 : Þe gouernour doþ wel..whan he can not loue hymsilf bi pryuat eþer dynguler loue, whanne he coueyti;þ no worldly þingis.
- (1442) Visit.Alnwick52 : Ye and thai aftere your rewle lyfe in commune..levyng vtterly all pryuate hydles, chaumbers, and syngulere housholdes.
- (c1456) Let.Oxf.in OHS 35336 : Everyche..shall ȝeve an othe..such a persone to chese and name as the dyscrescyone of hys owne private consciense demyt most abyll to be chosyne.
- (1465) Procl.Edw.IV in Archaeol.12406 : Divers persons, for their private and singuler lucre, caste and sowe divers sedicious langage to thentent to lette the seid ordinaunce.
- (1472-3) RParl.6.29b : After that dyvers of the Lordes and Knyghtes of the Shires were departed, by mervelous pryvat labour a Bille signed by the Kyng was brought to the seid Commens.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)1.91 : The seruauntes goe on foote..to commune festes and priuate [Trev.: priue] offices.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)4.419 : Galba Seruius..reigned after Nero vij monethes; The priuate lyfe [Trev.: prive lyf; L vita privata] of whom was noble.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)131/5 : Neiþir bi story which þe disciplis and heerers of þe apostlis han writen, neiþir bi surest priuate reuelacioun, it is open þat crist maad enye suche positive lawe.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)135/17 : It is conuenient..to haue in hys howsold priuat seruauntys.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)17/20 : He þat haþ very & parfit charite..haþ envie to no man, for he loueþ no propre ner pryvate ioy.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)22/30,32 : Tho þat are not common þinges, are not to be shewed outwarde, for priuate þinges [L privata] are more surely exercised in secret wise; Neuerþeles..be not slowe to common þinges, and more redy to priuate & singuler exercises [L singularia].
b
- [ (1230) Doc.in Déprez Études Diplom.Angl.10 : Teste me ipso apud Hamsted II die decembris Has litteras privato sigillo nostro fecimus sigillari. ]
- (1440) *Proc.Chanc.PRO ser.C 1 file 9no.447 : William Gargrave of Holme and Cristofere Banastre of Merton, Esquiers, haue ben ij tymes send for by the kyngis priuat seel at the Instaunce and costages of your said suppliaunt.
c
- (1395) Wycl.37 Concl.(Tit D.1:Compston)747 : Religiouse possessioneris..shulden ben apaied wiþ scars liflode & cloþinge geten wiþ here owne labour bi here privat rule [L secundum eorum regulam], which þei seyn þat seynt benet & seynt austin maden to suche religiouse men.
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)10/25 : Þis man bigan..to puplische þis miracle among þe peple; Þanne scribis & pharises, enviouse sectis þat weren a fals priuat religioun, sclaundrid þat Crist wrouȝt þis miracle.
- a1425(?c1384) Wycl.Church (Bod 788)350 : Comunly þes pryvat prioures letten þer felowes here to go out.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.67 : Þis asse and hir fole ben comen to þes pryvat ordris but not to alle Cristene men.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)423 : More of priuate religiose perfeccioun and what comparisoun is to be maad bitwix priuate religiouns and oþere statis and degrees of holy chirche schal be tauȝt in þe book of counseilis.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)79/1 : Al priuate religiosite stondiþ in keping of þre vowis; þat is to seie, vowe of chastite, vowe of wilful pouerte or expropriacioun, and vowe of obedience to her prelate.
d
- (1437) RParl.4.508a : The commen sale and issue of alle ye Wolles..have been..hindred..by specialle licences graunted to private personnes, a part for to selle hir owne Wolles and Wollefelles at large for his singuler avauntage and ayeinst ye commen prouffit.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)125 : Often tymes he woll..do other suche nobell and grete costes as bi sitith is roiall mageste..For yff a kyng did not so..he lyved then not like his estate but rather in miserie and in more subgeccion than doth a priuate person.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)144 : No priuat person woll, be reason off liberalite or off rewarde, so abate is owne livelod, as he mey not kepe such estate as he did beffore, And trewly it were bettir þat a priuat person lakked is rewarde..then that be his rewarde þe gode publike and all the lande were hurte.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)147 : Þe forsaid counsellours mowe be in lesse nowmbre, as to be xvj counsellours off privatis personis, with ij lordes spirituell, and ij lordes temporell.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)4.63 : A crye was made by the consulles and senatores that priuate persones [Trev.: every man; L privatae personae] scholde brynge theire goodes to the place of treasure.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)5.5 : He wolde be suche an emperour to priuate persones [Trev.: oþer men] as an emperour wolde desire and haue that the priuate persones scholde be to hym.
e
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)134b/b : Þe cause of þise disposicions is somtyme priuate [L priuata], in substance perticuler & congest, or..somtyme comoned fro þe heued or stomac or fro al þe body.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)135a/b : Causes coniuncte is þingz þat ar gadred in þe erez; And þise, when þai ar of þe nature of þe perticle, ar said proprietale & priuate [Ch.(2): propre or pryuate; L proprietales & priuate].
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)484/11 : Lousynge of þe contynuhede and apostemes..ben sometyme made for a priuate cause beynge in the toeth or in membres þat cleuen to hem, and sometyme for a comunihede cause fro the brayne or fro þe stomak or comynge fro oþer place.