Middle English Dictionary Entry
planē̆t(e n.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | planē̆t(e n.(1) Also planeth. |
Etymology | OF planete & L planēta. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
Astron. (a) One of the seven heavenly bodies of Ptolemaic astronomy, including in order from the earth, the moon, Mercury, Venus, the sun, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn; -- also personified; (b) the seven planetes, planetes seven (principal; chef ~ imperial, prince of planetes, the sun; (c) pointes of planetes, determined celestial positions of the planets; altitude of planetes [see also altitude 1.]; cercel of a ~ [see also cercel 10b.]; degre of..~ [see also degre 10. (d)]; (d) ?as adj.: planetes sterres, wandering stars, planets; (e) as a ship's name.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Mich.(LdMisc 108)418 : Þare-bi-neoþe beoth seoue firmamenz, þat..One steorre hath with-oute mo, þat planete i-cleoped is..Saturnus is al a-boue and Iupiter sethþe next, þanne Mars bi-neoþen him, and sethþe þe sonne is, Venus sethþe, þe clere steorre, Mercurius þanne..þe Mone is next þe grounde.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)2436 : In þe firmament beþ Planetes yliche clere sterren seuene..Saturnus & Iubiter, Mars & þe sonne ywis, Venus & Mercurius, & þe Mone.
- (c1386) Almanac 1386 [OD col.]4 : Þay ar called planetys, as Sternes erryng, nat for þay erre, but for þay ar meued & stirred agayn þe firmament.
- (c1392) ?Westwyk EPlanets (Peterh 75)20/32 : Fasteby this lyne, writ the name of the planete (cuius est aux); this rewle is general for alle planetis.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)111a/b : By þese twelue signes [of the zodiac] meueþ þe planetis, þat beþ I-clepid sidera errencia.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)112b/a : Planetis ben sterres erratice, meovinge diuersliche, & distingwuid by seuene cerclis.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1550 : In sua lang time..þe planetes [Frf: planettes] all ar went again O þair first making in to þe state.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)1075 : Þe planetez arn in to pouer a plyȝt, And þe self sunne ful fer to dym.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1725 : God..Hath sette a lawe..Amonge planetis perpetuelly tendure.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)6356 : Þe planetes and þe sternes ilkane Sal shyne brighter þan ever þai shane.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)60a/b : Sidus: colleccio stellarum & a planyte.
- c1440 Treat.Prayer (Thrn)295 : Prayere es a precious prikkynge in a clene hert..clymbande to þe clouddes, all planetes perchande whas so it hittes.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)17/28 : Venus is a planete of hevin, aftir whom the Friday is named.
- (1449) Metham AC (Gar 141)148 : Phebus in bryghtenes alle planetys excedyth.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.35.2 : Take the altitude of any sterre that is clepid a planete.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)823 : The someres sonne bryght..hath more lyght Than any other planete in heven.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)423 : God..ilke a planet hase put in a plaine course, Þat turnys as þere tyme comys.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)32 : Þe wysest wees of the werd..Knew..þe curses of þe clere sternys..Þe pasage of þe planettis, þe poyntis, & þe sygnes.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)122/10 : Thou art..more to be praysede if thou knowe thynselfe than if thou knewe the curses of sterres or planetes [L cursus siderum].
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)49a/b : A planete..is nomore but a sterre discordynge from oþere sterris in forme and worchinge.
- c1475 Court Sap.(Trin-C R.3.21)1951 : Foure elementes, the planettis abouen, These byn dystinct in trew nombre certayn.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.95 : Aungelys..meuen and reulyn..þe cours of planetys.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)75/11 : The plantis, the luminaries except, vpon the which moven the circuler speris ben 5.
- a1500 As Reson Rywlyde (Dc 78)119 : The erthe quakyd..Þe planetis changed & made dolowre: filius Regis mortuus est.
- a1500 Lo here is (Tan 407)18 : It is to delyght To behelde..The planetys in her circumferens renne.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)1431 : Hou holdeþ þe planetes alle On þe sky þat þei ne falle?
b
- c1300 SLeg.Mich.(LdMisc 108)437 : Of þe seoue planetes..þe seoue Dawes in þe wyke þare-aftur I-nemde beoth.
- c1350 Rabe moyses (Rwl D.939)350 : He says þer beþ planetus seuene; ffro one planete to an oþer þere A-mowntez þe wey of fyue hondred ȝere.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.692 : Planetes sefne principal Ther ben.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.866 : The Sonne is overal The chief Planete imperial, Above him and benethe him thre, And thus betwen hem regneth he.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.964 : He sette of his pouer, Acordant to the daies sevene, Planetes Sevene upon the hevene.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)105a/b : By þat name 'ethera' is vndirstonde al þe space þat is fro þe mone and to þe sterres..in þe whiche space beþ..þe seuene planetis.
- (1430) Astr.Cal.in Palaeog.Soc.ser.2.172b : Þe 7 dayes in þe weke take þere naymes of þe 7 planetes, os sonneday of þe sonne.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)123/12 : Þe prince of planetis þat proudely is pight Sall brace furth his bemes.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)244/35 : Þe sonne..is choson þe cheff of all þe seven planetys.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)75/97 : The fourte [spiritual step] is meke obedyence..to hym þat is a-bove þe planetys sefne.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)47b/b : Þer beþ also vij daies, whiche þat takiþ her propre names of þe vij planetis.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)48a/b : The laste spere of alle & þe nexte to þe erþe of þese seuene planetis is þe spere of þe moone.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)8910-11 : Seuen heuenes ther bien, and seuen planetes eke also, and vche planete a heuen betwene.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)33/345 : Behold to the heuen..the planettis seuen left has thare stall.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)271 : There be but planetis sevyne Amonge the multitude of sterris in hevyne.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)8982 : God of his might ordeined in heuene Signes twelue and planetes seuene.
c
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)112a/b : Þe cercle of a planete.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.30 head. : To know the altitude of planetes fro the wey of the sonne, whethir so they be north or south fro the forseide wey.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.40.12 : The degree of the longitude paraventure of Venus or of another planete was 6 of Capricorne.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)5024 : Þei shullen worche al her maistrie..in certeine oures and metis And certein pointis of planetis.
d
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)186/8 : Many be spices of ydolatre; Sum es..worschip of sonne, of mone, of planetes sterres [?read: planetes or sterres; L stellarum].
e
- (1242) Close R.Hen.III495 : La Planet de Wincheless'.
2.
Astrol. (a) A planet as an influence on the earth and its inhabitants; also, as having a correspondence to a part of the human body or to an earthly substance; (b) with designation of a planet's attributes or qualities; cold (hot, ivel, dai, night, male) ~, etc.; (c) dignitees of planetes [see also dignite 5.]; houres of the ~ [see also houre 2. (b)].
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Mich.(LdMisc 108)431 : Þe planetes..ȝiuez in mannes wille To beon luþer oþur guod ase heore uertue wole to tille.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2467 : The bodies whiche I speke of hiere Of the Planetes ben begonne: The gold is titled to the Sonne, The mone of Selver hath his part.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.637 : Upon this Erthe hiere Of alle thinges the matiere..Of thing above it stant governed, That is to sein of the Planetes.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)111b/a : Conable settinge and destructioun comeþ of meuynge of worchinge of planetis.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)111b/b : Þe effectis of signes encresiþ in her worching be coniuncciouns of þe planetis in..good oþir in Iuel.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)113a/a : Þis Iubiter coniunct with goode planetis makeþ goode & profitable impressiouns..in mannes body..he ȝeueþ faire yȝen & teeþ & faire heer.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)113a/b : Þis planete [Mars] disposiþ mannes body to lengþe & to smalenesse.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)20.79 : Kynd..cam out of þe planetes And sent forth..feures & fluxes, Coughes and cardiacles, crampes and tothaches.
- ?c1400 Sloane SSecr.(Sln 213)16/9 : Here sues anoþer Abece, where-by þou may knowe of what planet ilk man es.
- a1425 Templ.Dom.(Add 32578)570 : Ilkon of þes synnes sere Has a planet to help hym ay.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)108/15 : The mone is of lyghtly mevynge, & the mone is planete of weye [F planete de voye] And..it ȝeueth vs will of kynde..for to go dyuerse weyes & to sechen strange thinges.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)44b/a : Vniuersale doyng [of the plague] was disposicion of a certane coniunccioun of þe 3 vpper planetez [L trium superiorum], s. saturnus, Iubiter, & Mars, whych proceded in þe ȝere of oure lorde 1345.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)81/10 : Men of Inde..passe noȝt comounly oute of þaire awen land, for þai dwell vnder a planett [Man.(1): clymat] þat es called Saturnus, And þat planet makes his turne by þe twelfe signes in xxx ȝere..þerfore men þat dwellez vnder him..hase na gude will to be mykill stirrand aboute.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)182/11 : Þu seist how þe planetys ar buxom to my wil, þat sum-tyme þer cum gret thundir-krakkys & makyn þe pepil ful sor a-feerd.
- (1449) Metham AC (Gar 141)511 : Now for to declare..the meruulus mevyngys Off the planetys, causyng in thayr regne sundry thyngys In werkyng off nature.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)1.21.67 : In the zodiak ben the 12 signes that han the names of bestes..whan the planetes ben under thilke signes thei causen us by her influence operaciouns and effectes like to the operaciouns of bestes.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)114a : Þe schip is gouerned..by skilles of þe planetes [vr. planetees], of the skyes, of þe sterres, of þe wyndes, & of the firmament.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)682 : Quat is þe planet or þe poynt ȝe purpose to seme [read: sene]?
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)1.278 : She knewe the effectes as þei shul falle Of alle þe bodyes wiche we planetes calle.
- c1450 Metham Palm.(Gar 141)86/18 : To yche off this fyngyrrys ther ys a planete longyng: Saturne longyth to lengest fynger..Mars, the lytyl fyngyr.
- c1450 Royal SSecr.(Roy 18.A.7)34/15 : A wys man..fond by the planetis þat that child þat was borne in that constellacioun and signe shuld be wys, curteys, and of good counselle.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)10 : This is a comoun proverbe at the philosopheris, that the bodies in erd be mech reuled after the planetis above.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)47a/b : Aftirward it is declarid of þe cours & of þe gouernayle of þe planetis..By whom principaly a sirurgian may knowe þe perils of a man hurt.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)87/4 : Benefetis of god..ben þese..His ȝift into oure seruice of heuenli bodies, as ben planetis and sterris wiþ her large speeris.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.126 : Folk be born vnder..dyuers planetys.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)90/13 : Eueryche planet ys gouernyd and ordeynyd yn accordance of his kynde, as..Saturn haldys þe erthe, Mercury þe water, Iubiter þe eyr, þe sonne þe ffyre.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)90/39 : Euerylk kende of vegetabilitez haues a propre ordre, þat ys, complexioun, & it folwys þe vertu of a planete.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)5995,5997 : The fourþe planete is þe sunne..It is a planete of grete worshipe, Of kinges and of lordshipe.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)111b/b : Som planetis beþ male, euel, day signes..And som beþ goode, male, & day planetis..& maars is male, a nyȝt planete..Venus is female, a nyȝt planete.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)59 : Names of planetes so beþ yhote; Summe beeþ chelde, summe beeþ hote.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)155a/b : And þat þe mone be in a gode place & a gode signe fre fro yuelez, s. planetez or aspectez [Ch.(2): euel planetes].
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)161a/b : And be it [the moon] in moiste signes As bene Cancer, Scorpio, & piscis, fre fro yuel planetez.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)16/30 : Jubiter is a planete of softe condicion, amyable and ful gladde and figure to sangwen complexion.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)63/27 : Saturne..is a planete [vr. planeth] hevy and slowe.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)1.21.72-3 : Whan an hot planete cometh into an hot signe, than encrescith his hete; and yf a planete be cold, than amenusith his coldnesse by cause of the hoote signe.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.4.39 : A fortunat ascendent clepen they whan that no wicked planete, as Saturne or Mars..is in the hous of the ascendent.
- a1475 Spheres & P.(Sln 73)26 : Saturn is a planete evel-willed and ful of sekenes..Iubiter is a planete wele willyng to alle thinges to be gendrid..Þe sonne is þe worthiest planet, y-set in myddis..Þe mone is a planete ny þe erþe.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)48a/b : The 3 spere is clepid Celum Veneris, in þe which alwey goiþ venus..a planet cold and moist in mesure to whom beþ ordeyned fflewme, wynter, watir, & childhood.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)48a/b : Mercurie..is a planete cold wiþ cold planetis, & hoot wiþ hoote planetis, and so to ech complexioun he may be likned.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)2459 : One planete is more ponderous Then is an other, & slower in his cours.
- ?a1500 Lndsb.Nominale (Lndsb)801/30 : Nomina planetorum..saturnus: a pestlens planyt.
c
- a1400 Ancr.(Pep 2498)17/12 : Þe houres of þe Planeetes acorden wiþ þe houres of þe day.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)introd.122 : In which fifthe partie shalt thou fynden..tables of dignitees of planetes, and othere notefull thinges.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.12.4 : Fro the arisyng of the sonne til it go to reste, the nadir of the sonne shal shewe the houre of the planete.
3.
A planet identified with the god or goddess whose name it bears.
Associated quotations
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.1257 : O Love..Venus mene I, the wel-nilly planete!
- a1456(c1425) Lydg.Eagle (Trin-C R.3.20)17 : Þis foole is sacred vnto Iubyter, Þe lord of lordes in þe heghe heven, Weel-willing planete.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)16/21 : Poetis..heelde the planetys of hevin for special goddes.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)16/24 : Thei wurschipped and held Jouis or Jubiter for theire grettist god, be-cause that he is sette in the hiest spere of the planetys vnder Saturne.
- a1450(?1420) Lydg.TG (Tan 346)835 : Ȝov I prai of routh and eke pite, O goodli planet, o ladi Venus briȝt.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4366 : Venus..is worshippit with sum, Þat of planettes of prise has hor pure nome.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)1695 : The seuyn planettys Haue her propre names by astronomers, But goddys were they called by oold poetys.
4.
A fixed star; the planetes, the heavenly bodies, stars, and planets [quot.: 1st].
Associated quotations
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)4172 : Þan vmby-clappis þaim a cloude & couirs all ouire, As any pynaund pik þe planetis it hidis.
- c1450 Royal SSecr.(Roy 18.A.7)21/34 : There are 100028 planetis that ben fixe and meve not.