Middle English Dictionary Entry
ayẹ̄n(e)s prep.
Entry Info
Forms | ayẹ̄n(e)s prep. Also ayen(e)st, ayein(e)s, ayeinst, agein(e)s, ageinst, again(e)s, against, agan(e)s, ogain(e)s, ogan(i)s. |
Etymology | From ayẹ̄n adv. & prep. Forms in -st are abstracted from the sequence ayẹ̄n(e)s the; they appear first c1300 in Lay.Brut and SLeg. (rare), are common in Trev., and come into use in London Engl. c1400. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) In front of, facing toward, opposite; ~ even, exactly opposite; (b) with verbs of motion: toward, to meet; comen ~, faren ~, gon ~, wenden ~, etc.; (c) with verbs of looking, etc.: toward, in the direction of; loken ~; (d) to greet, receive, welcome; openen ~, to open to receive (sb.); ringen ~, ring as a welcome to (sb.); risen (arisen) ~, rise to greet (sb.), rise at (someone's) approach or entrance.
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)7 : Þe castel þe wes aȝeines drih[t]nes twa leornikenehtes, he bi-tacnet þeos world.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.2325 : He was come agayns thilke pyrie.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)174a/a : Apulia..is þe eende of europa aȝens þe souþe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)181a/b : Gnydum is a cuntrey in an Ilond aȝenst Asia.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)4462 : As y me went hem to fle, Euer þey were aȝens me.
- c1450 Siege Jerus.(1) (Add 31042)646 : Aȝaynes [Ld: Þey broȝten toures of tre..A-ȝen euereche ȝate, ȝarken hem hey].
- c1460 Oseney Reg.207/25 : And j acre agaynste euen of the same acre In Anoþer felde.
- a1500(1396) Indent.Francisc.in RS 4.1 (Vit F.12)521 : A gate..ageyns the dore of ther church.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)103/11 : Whan þey been entrid in here segis, þey schul stonde one ageynes anoþer.
b
- ?a1160 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1140 : Te king ferde agenes him mid micel mare ferd.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)19356 : Heore cun heom com aȝeines [Otho: toȝeines].
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)22476 : He dude ase a wisman and wende aȝenest [Clg: toȝeines] him anon.
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)562 : Oȝaines hir he gan wende.
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)1375 : Þai com oȝaines him out of toun, Wiþ a fair processioun.
- (a1333) Herebert Wele heriȝyng (Add 46919)7 : Gywes wyth bowes comen aȝeynest þe.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1393 : Meliors..ferde out aȝens hire fader & faire him gret.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Mac.9.39 : A spouse or husbond cam forth, and his frendis and his bretheren aȝeinus [WB(2): aȝens] hem, with tympans, and musykis.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)562 : He seiȝ a whit kniht comynge him a-ȝeines.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.911 : Agayns his doghter hastiliche goth he.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)124a/a : [The sun] byginneþ litil and litil to passe vpward aȝens þe north.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)611 : Þe good mon gos hem agaynez.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)35/9 : Als tit als te gestis cume þe priuresse..sal gange againis tam.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2681 : Theis weise men of armes Had wondyre of sir Wawayne and wente hym agayns.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)1598 : Kyng Richard sawȝ hou þat he com, þe way agayns hym he nom.
- ?c1475 *Trev.Nicod.(Sal 39)138a : Huy come alle aȝeynest hym.
- a1500 Wars Alex.(Dub 213)1123 : Als he hed ben a hegh god, þai halden hym agayns, Resaved hym with reuerence.
c
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)5/32 : The tother hond he lifteth vp aȝenst the Est.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)45.476 : They lokeden Aȝens A Mowntaygne.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)377/92 : To loke agaynste þat light.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)265/226 : So sir! gape agans the son.
d
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3702 : This Nero hadde eek of acustumance In youthe agayns his maister for to rise.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.333 : Pope Alisaundre aroos worschipfulliche aȝenst [Higd.(2): to do reverence to] hym.
- c1390 St.Greg.(Vrn)186/1419 : Þe Bellen a ȝeynes [Rwl: aȝens] him alle Ronge.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.743 : Agayns an old man..Ye sholde arise.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)7825 : He ros aȝens hym and made hym blysse.
- a1450 St.Kath.(3) (Richardson 44)14 : Take good heede whiche dores open aȝenst ȝow and entryth yn hardyly.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)15/6 : A gret ladi dede of her hode and bowed her ayenst a taillour.
- c1453(c1437) Brut-1436 (Hrl 53)558/27 : So rode he forth to Paules..and al þe belles ronge agaynes hym.
- (1473) Acc.St.John Peterb.in Antiq.51466 : Item payd for ryngyng a yense my Lord of Lynngkcoln at hys vysytacyon ij d.
- a1500 PParv.(KC 8)435 : Risyn aȝens a lord to don worchepe: [Assurgo].
2.
(a) In (or into) contact with, against, upon; (b) of land, buildings, etc.: abutting upon, next to; also, close to, near.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Deeds 9.5 : It is hard to thee, for to kyke aȝens the pricke.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)137b/b : Somtyme is so greet generacioun of hete by gaderinge of bemes & by reboundynge þerof aȝeines cloudes.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)142b/b : Þat he hurte hem nouȝt nouþer smyte hem aȝenst þe stone.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)79 : Quen glem of glodez agaynz hem glydez..ful schrylle þay schynde.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)23/14 : Alwey to ȝoure owne harme ȝe kikeþ aȝenus þe pricke of kynges.
- ?a1425(c1390) Chaucer Truth (Benson-Robinson)11 : Be war also to sporne ayeyns an al.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)31/1 : Sir Ector encountirde agaynste the duke Estans.
b
- (c1384) Doc.in Bk.Lond.E.231/26 : All the Fronntte of the seyde soyle, Aȝenst the hye Strete.
- (1415) Doc.in Bk.Lond.E.232/10 : In the fronte ayens the foreseid lane.
- (1423) Plea & Mem.in Bk.Lond.E.133/77 : We endite the wif of Will Brook, ayens seint Martyns gate, for a foreyn & a forstaller.
- a1425 Methodius(1) (Hrl 1900)95/16 : Seth toke his cuntrey aȝenus þe eest.
- a1425 Adam & E.(3) (Wht)95/36 : Birieþ me aȝens Goddis ȝerd in þe feeld of his dwellynge place.
- (1425-6) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.190 : Dalamar Cofermaker, ageyns a celer yn seynt laurence lane.
- (1447-8) Shillingford87 : Atte two endys..ys a walle..buttyng a yenst the Towne Walle.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.39.34 : Evene direct ageyns the pool artyke.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)9/19 : The tourment of the see..made theym to arive vpon a roche ayeinst a forest.
- (1474-5) Will York in Sur.Soc.45215 : To be beried in Seynt Trinite kyrkgarth, on the north side, ageyns ye dore.
3.
(a) In the presence of, before; (b) exposed to; ~ the sonne, under the sun, in the sunlight.
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)79 : [Adam] heuede scome aȝeines his scuppende.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)11/8 : Aȝeanes him ðu spake [god], bafte him euele.
- (1447-8) Shillingford37 : Stondyng..ayenst the fire.
- ?a1450 Arderne LW (Em 69)123 : Yf the chyne of the pacient be rubbyd, ayenste the fyre, with peper & oyle.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)123/14 : Leye þe seke aȝenst þe fyir, but noȝt to hoote.
- a1500 *Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149:Hulme)255b : Whan Ihesu came by hem, they bowed down ayenst hym and worschypped hym.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)75b/b : Hange hem boþe to drye aȝenst þe sonne.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)5666 : Þe addres..tocleueþ wombelyng Aȝeynes þe sonne shynyng.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)13 : Þei wil gladly sitt aȝeinst þe beme of þe sonne.
- a1500(?c1414) ?Brampton PPs.(1) (Sln 1853)p.30 : I am smetyn down and begynne to welwe, As heyȝ that lythe aȝens the sunne.
- a1456(1429) Lydg.Mum.Mercers (Trin-C R.3.20)24 : Þe ryver Of ryche Thagus..gyveþe a light agens þe sonne cleer.
- a1475(a1456) Shirley Death Jas.(Add 5467)23 : To hong thare harnysshid bowes to drie ayanst the sunne.
4.
(a) In opposition to, against; gon ~, turn out unfavorably for (sb.), go against; haven ~, have (a grievance) against (sb.); helpen ~, be helpful against (a disease); recoveren ~, recover (damages) from (sb.); suen ~, bring suit against; yemen ~, guard against; (b) with mai: prevail against; (c) in a direction opposite to, against the force of; ~ the wind; (d) contrary to, incompatible with; ~ kind, ~ nature, contrary to nature; ~ right, against right (or law); ~ lawe, ~ resoun, ~ the pes, ~ hest, ~ will, etc.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1160 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1140 : Þe eorl heold Lincol agænes þe king.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)16223 : Ne mihten þer na cniht aȝeines þe fure makien fiht.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)4b : Þe feorðe dale is of fleschliche fondunges..& comfort aȝeines ham.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)2153 : Here king..was hem wone Wel to yeme..Ageynes uten-laddes.
- a1350 Iesu suete is (Hrl 2253)106 : Ofte ych habbe misdon aȝeynes þe.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2797 : Helden oȝaines þe No wil y neuer wiþ riȝt.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)115 : He let his domesman ayens him.
- (1357) Gaytr.LFCatech.(Yk-Borth R.I.11)86/436 : Saffely for to stand ogaynes our faes.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3519 : Agayns [vr. aȝeinst] hir foos she faught.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.5.23 : Ȝif thou..shalt bythenke, that thi brother hath sum what aȝeins thee.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)3.249 : A dede..don hedde his eldren Aȝeynes Israel.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)266a/a : His lyuere helpeþ aȝeins þe fallyng yuele.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)21.264 : To bete adoun al þat ben agayns hym.
- (1413-9) Doc.in Bk.Lond.E.227/66 : For dyuerse writtes þat rennyth a-yens hym yn the Cheker for the same Maner of Banstede.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.862 : His leges gan to feynen a querele Ageyns hym.
- a1425(a1396) Maidstone PPs. (Wht)207 : I drede thy dome aȝeins me goth.
- (1437) RParl.4.509b : It was awarded that the same Thomas Norton shulde recovere the said somme..ayenst the seid Thomas Stamford.
- c1440 Degrev.(Thrn)560 : I shall faythfully fyghte..with knyghte, Þat agaynes [Cmb: Ayenese] the will stryfe.
- (c1443) Contract in OSSLH 4194 : Your saide besecher suede agens the saide John Bussy.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)40 : We sall assent..Ogans þe fend, our fa, to fyght.
- (1464) Lin.DDoc.130/21 : That they..cesse of calling of eny issues..ayenst youre saide Oratours.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)30/23 : Bellias of Flaundres helde stronge medle agaynste six kynges.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)130 : The Erlis of Lecestir and Glocestre..rose ayenest thair kynge.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)421 : Crist seiþ þat who so is not wiþ hym he mut nedis be aȝenus hym.
b
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)9226 : Ȝyf he wyl helpe, our Lord Ihesus, Who may þanne ageyns vs?
c
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)111b/a : Alle þe planetis meueþ..by here owne kynde mevinge of þe west in to þe est aȝens þe meuynge of þe firmament.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)292b/a : [The wolf] goþ aȝeins þe wynde for houndes schulde him nought smylle.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Deeds 27.15 : The schip was rauyschid, and myȝte not enforse aȝens [WB(1): into] the wynde.
d
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)87/19 : Aȝeanes mine wille.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1371 : Þar mide beoþ men acwalde Aȝeines [Jes-O: Ayeynes] riht.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)76 : Þer heo seruede gode Aȝenes þe paynes forbode.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)538 : Wapmen bigunnen quad mester..A ðefis kinde, a-genes lage.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)6 : He him uorzuerþ and deþ to ayans þise heste..uor he zuerþ ayens inwyt.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3754 : Agayns [vrr. Aȝeins, aȝeines] his heste no wight dorste trespace.
- (1386) RParl.FM (C&D)34 : John Northampton..thourgh debate & strenger partye ayeins the pees..was chosen Mair.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.746 : It bireueth hym the loue..and turneth it bakward agayns alle resoun.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.320 : Ayeins youre likyng, I wol no thyng.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)7420 : Be non of ȝou so hardye, Aȝeins couenaunt me to assaile.
- (1413-9) Doc.in Bk.Lond.E.227 : Sir Richard and his officers, agayns the tenure of hire holdyng..makis hem Bedelles.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)13/9 : For þi sal ye be of pacience..of þing þat es o-ganis yure fleis.
- c1430(c1395) Chaucer LGW Prol.(2) (Benson-Robinson)256 : That is an heresye ageyns my lawe.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)6.26 : Is this a creature..transffoormyd ageyns nature?
- a1450(a1425) Mirk IPP (Cld A.2:Peacock)223 : Of synne aȝeynes kynde.
- (1459) LRed Bk.Bristol1.248 : Complaynyng of a wrongfull distres takyn..ayenst the forme of a Composicion of olde tyme.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)428/18 : Ye bydde me do a thynge that is ayenste knyghthode.
- c1475 Why Nun (Vsp D.9)348 : Sche was defowled aȝenst her wylle.
- a1500(1396) Indent.Francisc.in RS 4.1 (Vit F.12)525 : That they shall make no wyndos ne opynyngs in the sayd walls..aȝens the forme and ordinans abouesayd.
5.
With regard to, in respect to, in relation to, toward; maken pes ~, make (one's) peace with (sb.); feith ~, humilite ~, treu ~, wroth ~, etc.
Associated quotations
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)89/13 : Ðat tu bie rihtwis aȝeanes gode and aȝenes alle mannen.
- (1258) Procl.Hen.III in PST (1868)21 : Þæt æhc oþer helpe..aȝenes alle men.
- c1330 Body & S.(5) (Auch)p.44 : Niþe and ond and envie Oȝaines [Ld: to] god and alle hise.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)35/983 : Þe clenner þert a-ȝens god, And of þe more þryfte.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)6.375 : He schulde love God..and be merciable aȝenst [vr. aȝenus; Higd.(2): to] pore men.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.99 : He forsoþe swore þat he schulde be to hem trewe lorde aȝenst God and þe world [L secundum Deum et saeculum].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1617 : His wiþerwins al forto spil, Ogains [Göt: Againes; Trin-C: Aȝeynes] wam he was sa wrath.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.1/21 : For he was richid yn puryte of conscience Ayenste god by deuocyoun, Ayenste his brethryne by humylite.
- ?a1450(?c1400) Wycl.LFCatech.(Lamb 408)87/1286 : To be fals in oure feyþ aȝenst almyȝty god.
- (1458) Let.Sou.in Sou.RS 22 (Sou SC.2/9/2)12 : The frenshe men been redye..to execute thare malice ayens this land.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)29/9 : In mysrewle we myth lythly fall Aȝens hevyn kynge.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)64 : She was right a gode lady..and right trewe a-geins hir lorde.
- a1500 St.Greg.(RwlPoet 225)23/178 : Aȝens god þi pes þu make.
6.
(a) In return for, in exchange for, in place of; don god ~ ivel, return good for evil; (b) in reply to, in response to; (c) amenden ~, make amends to (sb.); forfeiten ~, forfeit (sth.) to (sb.), pay a fine to (sb.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8837 : Aȝenes uuel ich wulle don god.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)8/83 : Þu..schalt..Aȝeines an licunge habben twa of þunchunge.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.154 : They so vnkyndely agayns his gentilesse quyten hym so vileynsly.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.187 : Agayns honour han they in helle shame and confusioun.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)6085 : Þe kynges fon Loren ten aȝeins on.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)10.199 : Do good aȝeines yuel.
- a1425(a1396) Maidstone PPs. (Wht)204 : I haue lyued as the is lothe, Vnkynde aȝeins thy kyndenesse.
- a1450(a1425) Mirk IPP (Cld A.2:Peacock)55 : Euere do gode aȝeynes euele.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)625/19 : Sir Elyas had gyvyn hym twenty strokes ayenste one.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)216/23 : This holy martyr schewyth aȝeynys malice mekenes.
b
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1972 : He fond þere burde no barn..þat he couþe to carp him a ȝens.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1661 : He nolde not for his nurture nurne hir aȝaynez.
- a1425 NHom.(3) Pass.(Hrl 4196)81/788 : It es no bote Ogains so many forto mote.
- c1430(c1395) Chaucer LGW Prol.(2) (Benson-Robinson)320 : He can replye Ageyns these poynts that ye han to hym meved.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)388/280 : Full even agaynste þe [I] will begynne.
c
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1988 : Þat þou wende sone to is sone..For-to amendi aȝeinest him þat þov hast is fader idon amis.
- (1384) Procl.Brembre in Bk.Lond.E.(Gldh LetBk H)32 : Vpon peyne of enpresonement..and forfaiture of al that he may forfaite ayens oure lord the kyng.
- (1384) Procl.Brembre in Bk.Lond.E.(Gldh LetBk H)33 : Vpon peyne of al that hij mowe forfaite ayens oure lord the kyng and ayens the Citee, in body or in godes.
- (1386) RParl.FM (C&D)35 : Who reproued such an officer..he forfaited ayeins hym.
7.
(a) Over against, balanced against, set against; (b) in comparison with; (c) in contrast with, contrary to, unlike.
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)119/19 : And aȝeanes ða twa michele likinge and teiþinge, us comen twa michele ȝode.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)5665 : Þe fende had leyd yn balaunce Hys wykkede dedes and hys myschaunce; Þey leyd þe lofe aȝens hys dedys.
- c1405 Chaucer CT.Mil.(Elsm)A.3155 : Ther been ful goode wyues many oon, And euere a thousand goode ayeyns oon badde.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)9/94 : Þai fand þe galay men grete wane, A hundereth euer ogaynes ane.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)13.306 : Aȝens Eualache, On Man, hadden thei ten.
b
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)31/1 : Ne telþ hie namore ðarof ðanne of horewe aȝeanes ðare michele merhþe..on heuene riche.
- c1275 Þene latemeste dai (Clg A.9)110 : Þah al þat fur in þis world togedere were ibroht, Aȝeines þare hete nere hit al noht.
- a1350 Iesu suete is (Hrl 2253)4 : Al þat may wiþ eȝen se haueþ no suetnesse aȝeynes þe.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.6413 : Al that [prowess in arms] may noght amonte Ayeins o point..That he his fleissh hath overcome.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6875 : Hir paroch prest nys but a beest Ayens me and my companye.
c
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.131 : Egipte, aȝenst kynde of oþer londes, haþ plente of corn.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)146b/b : Whan sche schal dye..aȝenst þe vsage of oþir beestis..þe swan syngeþ.
8.
(a) In preparation for, in anticipation of; (b) shortly before, about or by the time of, toward; ~ dai, about daybreak; ~ night, near nightfall; etc.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 Assump.Virg.(1) (Cmb Gg.4.27)120 : To þe aungel..Haþ he set me any day Aȝenes þat ihc me greþi may.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1619 : Eche a strete was..strawed wiþ floures..& alle maner menstracie maked him aȝens.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)137b/a : In springinge tyme oystres openeþ hemsilf aȝaynes dewe & fongiþ dew.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)190 : Al þe toun byhonged was Aȝeins þe lefdy Olympyas.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.3088 : Þei schuld go..To make hem redy aȝens a certeyn day.
- (1423) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.173 : To an laborer for clensynge of oure halle..ageyns þe Feste of þe barbours.
- (1425) Grocer Lond.in Bk.Lond.E.203 : Clothyng aȝeynz Cristemasse.
- (1428-9) Acc.St.Michael Oxf.in OAST 7821 : For washing of surplices aȝeyns Whytsuntyd, viii d.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)10/14 : And agaynes þe day of Batelle, Alexander..gadird a grete Oste.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)4524 : Thy dyner dyȝt sall I a gayns þi home comyng.
- a1500(?c1400) Song Roland (Lnsd 388)43 : And mad redy yeftis againste his comyng, to Fest hym and his men.
- a1500 St.Greg.(RwlPoet 225)181/644 : Þin sete is now in rome set, A ȝens þe wel redely wrouȝt.
b
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)1971 : On a dai aȝenes þe eue, Of þe patriarke he tok is leue.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)221b/b : Namely aȝeins night he bloweþ and bereþ blossemes.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)227b/a : Leues..falleþ..aȝeins Wynter tyme.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)6087 : Þis bataile lasted..Forto it were aȝeins niȝth.
- (1408) Will in Bk.Lond.E.215 : My wyl ys thys, that John White..Margarete Herelowe, Wedue, have Aȝens the day of my terment gownes of russet.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.2668 : Esperus..Ageyns eve caste his stremys ferre.
- a1425(c1300) NHom.(1) Abbess (Cmb Gg.5.31)p.168 : The byschoppe agaynes the morne Somonde the wyfes hym beforne.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)342 : There was..The jelous swan, ayens his deth that syngeth.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.23.13 : Let A and F goo fare wel tyl ageynst the dawenyng a gret while.
- c1450(c1430) Brut-1430 (Glb E.8)438/34 : There he duellid alle the Lenton till it was ayens Palme Sonday.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)42/19 : The secunde arowe shall be redy ayenyst the secunde tuysday.
- (1458) Let.Sou.in Sou.RS 22 (Sou SC.2/9/2)18 : To warne the Steward..to make his booke redi a yenste my comynge hom.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)272/37 : Hym happynd ayenste nyght to come to a fayre courtelage.
- a1500 Eglam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)881 : A wynde rose ageynys day.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)1198 : Now has þe maiden done hir thoght: Sir Ywayne out of anger broght. Þe lady led him unto hall; Ogains him rase þe barons all, And al þai said ful sekerly: 'Þis knight sal wed þe lady.'
Note: Quot. needed for date in sense 1.(d).
- c1440(a1400) Eglam.(Thrn)924 : Þe lady whytte als wallis bone, He bade hir speke in Goddis name; Agaynes hym vp scho rase.
Note: Quot. needed for date in sense 3.(a).
Note: The list of variant spellings in the form section may be incomplete and / or may need revision to accord with standards of later volumes of the MED.--all notes per MLL