Middle English Dictionary Entry
penī wort n.
Entry Info
| Forms | penī wort n. Also -wert, -wourte, -wurte, -wit, peniewritte, paniuert & (error) benigwrt. |
| Etymology | From penī n. & wort n.(1). |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
= penigras; also, medicine made from this plant.
Associated quotations
- ?a1350 Recipe Painting(1) in Archaeol.J.1 (Hrl 2253)65 : For gaudegrene, Tac peniwort other gladene, whether thu wolte of the two erbes, ant tempre thi verdigres.
- a1400 Alphita (SeldArch B.35)41 : Cimbalaria, colitidos uel colitidon uel scolidos, statimcelli, cimbalion, umbilicus ueneris, idem. angl. penigres uel penywyt [vr. penywert].
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)55/7 : Putte to þis medicyn þe ius of sum cold erbe, as morel, penywort [L vmbilici veneris], virge pastoris.
- ?a1400 Adv.18.5.16 Gloss.(Adv 18.5.16)159 : Benigwrt [?read: Penigwrt], umbilicus Veneris: paniuert.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)159a/b : Þer ben oþer repercussiues..as..peny wurte, popie, muske, [etc.].
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)583/22 : Soche a medecyne is cleped ingrossatyf..as is sendegrene..peny worte [L vmbilicus veneris], [etc.].
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)630/19 : Vmbelicus veneris, peny wort, is an herbe, colde and moyste in þe þridde degree.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)139/23, 140/25 : Crassula maior..haȝt lewys [like] to penywort..and þe flourres are noȝt fully so rond as is þe leef of penywort.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)147/27 : Cimbaria is an herbe þat men clepe penywourte; þis herbe haȝt lewys lyk a peny..and it haȝt a ȝelwflour, and it growith on wallis and stonys.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)118b/a : If þou hast not watir of rose, take þe iuys of morel, or of endiue..penywort, purcelane..or ellis sum oþir colde herbe þat is of þe same kynde.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)123b/a : Seþe it wiþ þe iuys of penywort, stoon croppe, & purcelane.
- 1591(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hnt HM 2)126/28 : Here be more herbes..fynter, fanter, and fetterfowe, and alsoe penyewrytte.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1300 Add.15236 Recipes(1) (Add 15236)228.32 : Contra tussim: Recipe de peniwrt m. i et m. 2 de watercars et simul terantur et extrahatur succus cum panno lineo et coquatur cum butiro proportionabili toti succo.
Note: Antedates word.