Middle English Dictionary Entry
parlement(e n.
Entry Info
Forms | parlement(e n. Also parlament(e, parli-, perlement, perlament & parliament(e, parlea-, perlia- & parlment & (errors) parlemen, paralament. |
Etymology | From OF parlement & ML parliamentum. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Discourse, communication, conversation; holden ~, to speak, carry on a conversation; setten ~, determine (one's) speech, plan a remark; holden ~ with, have a conversation with (sb.); maken ~ of, discuss (sb.); (b) a parley; (c) a decree.
Associated quotations
a
- c1390 Treat.Mass (Vrn)278 : I bidde ȝou takeþ good tent Þat ȝe holde no parlyment Wiþ no cristen mon Whon ȝe come þe Churche with-Inne And ȝe seo þe prest bi-ginne.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.484 : Thanne he set his parlement To speke it whan he comth to bedde.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.104 : Of Roberd is no speyre to mak of parlement.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)74/265 : Hold no parlement With no leuyng mon, Fro tyme þe cherche ȝe ben within.
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)75/4 : Two bodyes..iangled at anes as ȝif thay had haldene a parliamente with grete besynes.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)25 : Ye maden..many oothere remeevinges of which were to longe to holde parlement.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)3977 : Thys parlement was do, As ye han herd, atwen hem two.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)10250 : For a gret while..I haue holde a parlement Wyth the, & her-to ben thy guyde.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)311 : The Mayden and Merlin helde this Parlement.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)521 : Thus ended the parlement be-twene the fader and the sone.
b
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.147 : Þe Kyng of France & he..Held a parlement [F parlement], gode sikernes to make.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)2130 : Membrice for trewes to Malyn sent In pes to holde a Parlement.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)7844 : Þorow trist of trues, of on assent, Þey sette a day of Parlement, Opon þe Playne of Salesbury.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)16226 : Til Cadwalyn his sonde he sent Þat he wolde com til parlement.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)3231 : Þe Sarezynes myȝte nouȝt endour; þey ffledde into þe heyȝe tour And cryede trewes and parlement.
c
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1306 : O cruel goddes that gouerne This world with byndyng of youre word eterne And writen in the table atthamaunt, Youre parlement [vrr. parlemen, parlament] and youre eterne graunt.
2.
(a) Consultation; a formal conference, an assembly; holden (maken, setten) ~, nimen ~, to hold a consultation, convene a conference; taken a ~, arrange a consultation, hold a conference; holden ~ of, hold a consultation about (sb. or sth.); (b) a conference of the secular and/or ecclesiastical aristocracy summoned by their monarch, a representative assembly [sometimes difficult to distinguish from 3. (a) and (b), to which some of the following quots. may belong]; a council of nobles sitting as court of law; also fig.; callen (gaderen, holden, nimen, etc.) ~, to convene such an assembly; setten ~ on, convene an assembly to discuss or judge (sb.); commun (ful, general, open, plein) ~, etc., an open or broadly attended assembly; prive ~, the private council of a monarch; (c) the decision reached by a conference or consultation.
Associated quotations
a
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)3519 : Þere he huld is parlement, wat were best to done.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)9238 : Þe erchebissop of kanterburi, & oþer bissopes al so..At winchestre a parlement hii hulde of þis þinge.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)11573 : To þe erl ek of gloucetre þe lettres sone come So þat priue parlement bituene hom hii nome, Hou þat hii best miȝte sir simond to grounde bringe.
- c1390(c1350) NHom.(2) Corp.Chr.(Vrn)171/67 : Alle on eorþe þat þoleþ deþ Schul ben at a parlement.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)897 : Þe fend..Þe world, my flesch..Gret parlement..habbeþ inome.
- (a1400) Chaucer CT.Rt.(Manly-Rickert)I.1086 : I reuoke..The book of Seint Valentynes day of the parlement [vr. parliment] of briddes.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.90 : Þe folk that ascaped on Malcolme side..mad parlement & toke þam to rede.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)7356 : Fals-Semblant and Abstynaunce..heelde her parlement Whether it to done were To maken hem be knowen there.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)24921 : Erels, dukes, kinges and princes..To gider þai gadrede..in to legecestres cite; Þar in þai helde aparlement.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)head. : Here begyneth the Parlement of Foules.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)1727 : Þer parlement, þys was þe ende: Euerylkon to schip schold wende & drawe þer vitaille to þe se & weyue al þat ilk contre.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)7691 : Þe Bretons..At Londone..sette a Parlement.
- ?a1450 MLChrist (Add 39996)1769 : Þai went togeder by oon assent And helden þere her parlement.
- c1450(c1386) Chaucer LGW Prol.(1) (Benson-Robinson)419 : He made the book that hight the Hous of Fame..And the Parlement of Foules.
- c1450(c1400) ?Clanvowe Cuckoo & N.(Frf 16)275 : This mater asketh good avysement..therfore we wol haue a parlement.
- c1450 Royal SSecr.(Roy 18.A.7)11/7 : A kyng..shalle haue parlement and wys counselle oft tymes.
- c1450 Whanne marye was greet (Lamb 853)4 : Alle þe deuelis of þe eir, of erþe, & of helle, helden þer paralament of þat maide mylde.
- a1456(a1402) *Trev.Nicod.(Add 16165)104a : Þe prynces of þe preostes made a gret parllement.
- (1467) Ordin.Wor.399 : The Tyler of the cite sett no parliament amonge them to make eny of them to be as a maister and alle other tylers to be as his seruant.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)56/33 : The maistirs of the lawe of Iuwes cam into the hous of Caiphas..& held theire parliament & theire counseil hou thei might put to deth Iesu Crist.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)82/14 : The parlement of hefne sone xal ȝe se, and how goddys sone comman.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)54/8 : Marchauntis and othre estatis..haue no shame to holde their parlamentis of their worldly matiers.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)787 : A parlement, a parlement! Cum forth..A cownsell belyue!
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)1.10.6b : Than herd I with inne the curteyne a long parliament.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)145 : At the monthes ende thei toke a parlement in a contre that is be-twene the reame of Gorre and Scotlonde.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)254 : The hethen kynges helde a gret parliament how thei sholde take the town of vandesbiry that was so stronge.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)556 : I haue take a parliament with the kynge Clarion of Northumbirlonde and the kynge de Cent Chiualers at Arestuell and with the kynge Arthur hym-self at the feste of seint Mary day in Septembre.
- a1500 Alex.-Cassamus (Cmb Ff.1.6)381 : In the chamber of Venus ful of swetnesse..Holde hir parlement these lusty folkys alle.
b
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)531 : Þo heo comen to þe parlement, þe king axede heom a-non ȝweþur heo wolden holde þe lawes ase heore Auncestres heolden.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1006 : Alle þat liues were In englond þanne wer þere..To ben þer at þe parlement.
- a1325 SLeg.(Corp-C 145)6/46 : Leon þe pope..þerof is conseil nom To make a comun parlement to alegge Cristendom.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8862 : King henry..In a witesonetid a gret parlement he nom At westmunstre.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)2762-3 : After his enterement Þai gan make a parlement, To whiche parlement was yfet Al þat hadde power gret Of þis lond al about.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)1714 : Þar was comin parlement; Erles, kinges, lasse & more..wer samned þore.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)5633 : Y-comen þai ben to þe parlement For to here þat iugement.
- c1330 Len puet (Auch)8 : Nostre prince de engleterre..At Westminster after þe feire maden a gret perlement.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)20/216 : Make ȝou þan a parlement & chese ȝou a newe king.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)310 : Hit ys ordeynt be parlyment among ous to ben yholde, þat wat be rewarded be tweyre assent þe þridde assenty sholde.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2970 : Ther was a parlement At Atthenes..Among the whiche pointes yspoken was To haue with certeyn contrees alliaunce.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)8.329 : Roger Mortymer..was itake..and i-sent to Londoun, and þere by dome of parlement [Higd.(2): parliamente; L parliamenti] he was an honged.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)8.333 : Kyng Edward, in ful parlement, at Londoun made a ducherie of þe erldom.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.1549 : A parlement..Thei setten unto this entente, To puten Rome in full espeir That Moris was apparant heir.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5497 : Þar ras an vncut king Þat..gedir[d] him a parlement [Frf: lete cry a parlement; Göt: made..ane parlement].
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)29/349 : Sethe he made a parlement [vr. parlymente] And after al his kyngdom sent.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.143 : Þe kyng of France was went to Saynt Denys to holde His priue parlement.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)181/2 : Þe secunde ȝere after þat Kyng Edward was cronede, he helde a general parlament at Westminster.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.4439 : Alle echon, in open parlement..wer acordid ful by on assent To be gouerned as Agamenoun List to ordeyne.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.1297 : My goyng graunted is by parlement.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)174 : Aftyr all hys gretest he sent Wythout tarying to hald parlment.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)146 : I sall tak concell at kynges enoyntede, Off dukes & duspers and doctours noble, Offe peres of þe parlement, prelates & oþer, Off þe richeste renkys of þe rounde table.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.MRose (Hrl 2255)33 : The roial lioun leete calle a parlement [vr. perlement].
- a1450(a1400) Athelston (Cai 175/96)266 : Þat we mowe wete be comoun sent In þe playne parlement.
- a1450 7 Sages(3) (Cmb Dd.1.17)3214 : Over alle hys lond hys bref was sente To aselen a comuyn parlyment.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)213 : Whan the kynge anone had takene hede, He in his herte set a jugemente Wythoute callynge of ony parlemente Or grete tary to take longe avyse.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2095 : Priam by purpos a perlament assignet And gedrit all þe grete in his grym yre.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)9379 : Palomydon a perlement puruait anon, And the grete of the grekes gedrit he somyn.
- a1475(a1456) Shirley Death Jas.(Add 5467)10 : Nocht long after this the Kyng lete so ordeyne his parliament yn due forme at Edenbourghe.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1204/27 : Whan he had stabelysshed all those contreyes, he shortly called a parlement.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)147 : The spirituell juges in the courte off parliment off Parys taken but cc ffrankes by þe yere, where as þe temporell juges..taken..ccc ffrankes.
- a1500(?c1400) EToulouse (Cmb Ff.2.38)878 : On hur they sett a perlyament Be all the comyn rede.
- a1500(?a1410) Lydg.CB (Lnsd 699)19 : Roial eglis & leones bi assent Sent out writtis to hold a parlement.
- a1500 Bevis (Chet 8009)202/4041 : Sir Beues, yf ought be mysdone, Hit shall be mendid in parlament By erlis and barouns assent.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)522 : Anoon þei alle forth wente And made a ful greet parlemente [vr. kepte a grete perliamente].
c
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)145 : The parlement [F parlemens] was this, that eche of hem sholde sende after all hys kyn and frendes and so go vpon the kynge Arthur and bereve hym his londe.
3.
(a) The Parliament of England or Ireland; members of Parliament; heigh) court of ~, Parliament, esp. when sitting as a court to try cases of treason; prive ~, a closed or packed Parliament; privilege of ~, the right to immunity from arrest granted to members of Parliament; putten into ~, to introduce (a bill) in Parliament; clerk of the ~, act of ~; (b) the English or Irish Parliament as constituted for a specific time or occasion, a session of Parliament; in time of ~, during a session of Parliament.
Associated quotations
a
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)2307 : Vortiger..to vore al þe parlement to londone he gan him bringe.
- c1390 Þe man þt luste (Vrn)58 : Þis pore prechour þei wolen apeche At counseyl and at parliment.
- (1414) RParl.4.57b : The Peticions afore rehersed..ȝeve in charge to the Clerke of the Parlement, that I may have a Copye of the same.
- (1428) Doc.in Sur.Soc.8510 : John of Bolton, alderman, at his first commyng fra ye parlement, delyvered a lettre fra ye quene to ye Mair.
- ?c1430(?1383) Wycl.Curse (Corp-C 296)329 : Þes worldly prelatis..sitten in Perlement and conseilen þat oure gentelmen schullen goo out of oure lond to werre wiþ Cristene men.
- (1450) Paston (Gairdner)2.126 : We, your seid Comens, accuse and empeche the seid William de la Pole..and pray that this be enacte in this your High Courte of Parlement and theroppon to procede in this, your High Courte of Parlement, as the mater and caas aforseid requireth.
- (1454) RParl.5.239b : The said Thomas shuld be relessed by Privelegge of Parlement.
- (1455) Paston2.117 : It is thought right necessarie..þat my lord haue at this tyme in the parlement suche persones as longe vnto him.
- (c1455) Paston2.124 : It is seyde..ye..shuld haue do oon Ser John Tartyssale..to put in to the parlement a bille of diuers tresons don be my lord of Norwich.
- (1456) Paston2.132 : The most spedyest and seurest wey were to have it doon by act of Parlement.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)113 : Þe Frenche kynge..sette neuer tayles or oþer imposicion vppon the peple of þat lande with owt the assent of þe iij estates wich whan thai bith assembled bith like to the courte of the parlement in Ingelonde.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)4.25 : Þey..cast it be colis, with her conceill at euene To haue preuy parlement for propffitt of hem-self..And sente side sondis to schreuys abouȝte To chese swiche cheualleris as þe charge wold To schewe for þe schire in company with þe grete.
b
- (1411) RParl.3.650a : Lord the Roos, at the last Parlement of oure sayd liege Lord..compleyneth hym by a Bille.
- (1414) RParl.4.58b : He wole..ordeyne at this tyme, or ȝe departen hennes fro this present Parlement..remedie.
- (c1426) Paston (Gairdner)2.17 : The seyd Walter, be billes in the too last parlementz holden at Westminster and at Leycestre..hath noysed..the seyd William.
- (1431) Plea Sharpe in RS 28.5 pt.1 (Hrl 3775)453 : To alle the Lordys of the reme of this present Parlement, we besechyn mekely alle the comuns to ben herd of hem.
- (1431) Plea Sharpe in RS 28.5 pt.1 (Hrl 3775)453 : Ordeyne that eche town..kepe hys owne beggeres..after the Statut made atte the Parlement of Caumbrygge.
- (1442) Doc.Ireland in RS 69286 : If I hadde hade knowleche þereof atte begynnyng of the said Parliament, I wolde not have assentede to have admittede ham.
- a1450(1401) For drede (Dgb 102)97 : To wete ȝif parlement be wys, Þe comoun profit wel it preues.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)179 : Here brynge I in a storye to me lente, That a goode squyere in tyme of parlemente Toke unto me well wrytene in a scrowe.
- (c1450) Let.Oxf.in OHS 35293 : To the worshipfull commyners off þis present noble parlament.
- (1454) Paston2.107 : I here no sewere tydingez of a parlement.
- (1459) RParl.5.372b : By th'advyce of his Lords Spirituell and Temporell, and by you his Commons in this his presente Parleamente assemblyd, [etc.].
- (1460) Paston2.210 : And my good Lord Warwik, wyth my lord hise broþer Chauncelere..woldyn opposyn, as dede Danyel, Forteskv..of the writyng made be hem at Couyntre Parlement, they schuld answere wers than sub cino or sub prino.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)303 : In the ȝere folowand he held a Parlement at London, in whech Parliment he asked no subsidy of no man.
- a1500 When Sonday (Dub 516)6 : Ye schal haue a new king At a new parlement.
4.
(a) A parliament, governing body; (b) the Roman senate.
Associated quotations
a
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)310 : Hit ys ordeynt be parlyment..Þat wat be rewarded be tweyre assent, þe þridde assenty sholde.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)4.34 : Þanne com pes into þe parlement & putte vp a bille How wrong, aȝen his wil, hadde his wyf take.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)5.185 : Reson..þow shalt nat ryden hennes Bote be my chyf chaunceler in chekyr and in parlement.
- (c1425) *Oath Bk.King's Lynn5a : Ȝe shal wel & truli leie þe fiftene of oure lord þe king, & expensis for þe burgeysis of þe parlement of þis town.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.1604 : The tresoun of Cateline..and the covine Of hem that were of his assent Was knowe and spoke in parlement.
- 1591(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hnt HM 2)108/302 : From all Rome..Thy men..have..iment..And to that poynct we be assent, poore and ryche in parleament.
5.
In cpds. and combs.: (a) ~ chaumbre (hous), the chamber (building) in which Parliament or a parliament or council meets; ~ robe, a robe worn in Parliament or in council; ~ rolle, the record of Parliament; ~ speche, a Parliamentary address; ~ time, the period during which a Parliament is in session; (b) ~ tre, error for permain tre [see permain].
Associated quotations
a
- (1410) in Löfvenberg Contrib.Lex.95 : [At] Lambhethe [in a great chamber then called the] Parlement Chambre, [etc.].
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)384 : Parlement howse [Win: Parlemente hows]: Concionabulum.
- (1442) Doc.Ireland in RS 69286 : I hade noo knowleche þerof at þe Parliament tyme be cause of mynn newe comyng into youer seide lande.
- (1444) RParl.5.73a : More pleynly it may appere be an Acte therof made in this Parlement Rolle.
- (1450) RParl.5.182a : The seid Duke..come afore the Kynges presence, and all the Lordes Spirituelx and Temporelx in the Parlement Chambre.
- (1450) RParl.5.183b : They besought the Kyng, that this their saiyng myght be enacted in the Parlement Rolle.
- (1453) Will York in Sur.Soc.30192 : I will yat Thomas, my son, have my parlement robe.
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)107/26 : In lijk maner it is with hem whiche maken long parliament spechis so curiose as now a daies ben wonyd to be maad bifore þe kyng and þe lordis.
- (1460-61) Doc.in Welch Hist.Pewterers Lond.28 : Itm, payde for makynge of a byll to Cobbe for to pute yn the parlemente howse for the welle of all the ffelechype, iiij s.
- (1461) RParl.5.488a : All Lordes beyng at this present Parlement have promitted openly bifore the Kyng in the Parlement Chambre..to applie theym to th'observance and kepyng of all the Articles above reherced.
- (1472-3) Doc.in Welch Hist.Pewterers Lond.36 : Itm, spente amonge the felauship at the gray freris in the parlament tyme, xvj d.
- (1473) Paston1.589 : I prey God send yow the Holy Gost amonge yow in the parlement howse.
- (a1500) Collect.Anglo-Premonst.in RHS ser.3.6264 : Item, a perlement robe of quite, furyd with lettese.
- a1600(1472) Rec.Bluemantle (Jul C.6)382 : About x of the cloke afore none the King come into the parlement chamber in his parlement robes.
- c1600(?c1395) PPl.Creed (Trin-C R.3.15)202 : Þanne was þe chaptire-hous..As a Parlement-hous y-peynted aboute.
b
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)92b : A parlement tre.
6.
As surname.
Associated quotations
- (1366) List Names in LCRS 31.2117 : Beton Parlement.