Middle English Dictionary Entry
overgōn v.
Entry Info
Forms | overgōn v. Also ofergan & (error) auergan. Forms: sg.2 overgōst, ouregod, & (error) vergoste; p.ppl. overgōn, etc. & ofergān. |
Etymology | OE ofergān |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To rise above (sth.); also fig.; (b) to cover the surface of (sth.), spread over; ppl. overgon, covered (with flames, with vermin).
Associated quotations
a
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)37.4 : Myn wickednesse ben ouergon [L supergressæ sunt] myn heued.
- (?1387) Wimbledon Serm.(Corp-C 357)63/35 : For but ȝif þe vine be kut, he schal wexe wilde; but ȝif she be rayled, she shal be ouergoo wiþ netles and wedis.
- (a1460) Vegetius(2) (Pmb-C 243)2505 : And otherwise is doun, the wal tarise, And ouer go the touris altitude.
b
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)11820 : In his heued he has þe scall; Þe scab ouergas [Göt: ouer-gaes; Trin-C: ouergooþ] his bodi all.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)6759 : If fire be kindeled and ouer-go felde or corne or medow..he þat kindeled hit..agh þe harmes for to ȝilde.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.7.41 : Thow haddest..abated in thy thought fro thilke ferthe partie as moche space as the see and the mareys contene and overgoon, and as moche space as the regioun of drowghte overstreccheth.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)2.301 : Dryue in..a flynt stoon So do that hym the barke may ouergoon.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.15 Tokens (Hrl 2255)29 : Brennyng as Coolys with flawmys ovir goon..This Firy flood shal ovir sprede anoon.
- a1475 *Hrl.Diseases Hawk A (Hrl 2340)29a : Þi hawke..yf sche be ouyr gon with vermyn..wyll be pore.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)23a : Abowe þe wounde of the fell lay a mundificatiue..that it over go þo wounde an vnche.
2.
(a) To go across or through (a land, sea, etc.), traverse; cross (a river); -- also without obj.; ben overgon, be across [quot.: SLeg.Corp.Chr.]; (b) to go over (sth. in one's mind), study, ponder.
Associated quotations
a
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)519 : Þes sondesomon..þa he hefde al þet lond ouergan & þurhsoht, com & brohte wið him fifti scolmeistres.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)1777 : Mani lond he hadde ouergo To seche his lord.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.13.17 : Aryse þann, & ouergo [WB(2): passe thorou; L perambula] þe erþ in leyngþe & in his breed, for I am to ȝeuing it to þe.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)22132 : Ouer al þere crist was wont to go, He [Antichrist] shal ouer gone hem also.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Deut.27.3 : Thow shalt arere greet stonus..that thow mowe wryte in hem alle the wordis of this lawe, Jordan ouergoon [WB(2): whanne Jordan is passid; L transmisso].
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3487 : For I durst not over goo Unto the Rose I loved soo.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)66b : Transgredior: to ouergo..Transuado: to ouergo.
- a1450(a1400) SLeg.Corp.Chr.(Bod 779)169 : Þo þe folk of iesrael were alle ouer-gon, þe se wente to-gedire.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)63a : Bot & þat ryuer be so depe þat it mowe not be ouergoon on horse ne on fote..kutte out oþer digge depe diches and longe and brode ny to þe principal ryuer and lette oute þe water vnto þilke diches til þe ryuer be abated.
b
- c1430(a1410) Love Mirror (Brsn e.9)10 : The holy virgyne Cecile..bare alwey the gospell of crist hyd in hir breste..And whan sche had so fully al the manere of his lyf ouer gone, sche bygan aȝeyne.
- c1450(a1400) Orolog.Sap.(Dc 114)378/44 : I bigynne to ouergo alle these and brynge to my mynde þe, þat arte souereyn god.
3.
(a) To go beyond (sth.) in space, pass by, step over; ~ bed, fig. commit adultery; (b) to pass over (sth.), overlook, disregard; omit (sth.) in a narrative; leten ~, disregard (a command, an offense), repudiate (an oath); ppl. overgon, not done, undone; (c) to go past (a term of years), live through.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3490 : God bad hem ðat merke ouer-gon.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ex.12.23 : Þe lord..schall passe-forþ, smytyng þe Egipciens, & whenn he seeþ þe blode in þe þreschwald & in eyþer post, he schall ouergo [Corp-O: ouer goo; WB(2): passe; L transcendet] þe dore of þe house.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ecclus.23.25 : Eche man þat ouergoþ [WB(2): passith; L transgreditur] his bed dispisinge in to his soule & seiynge, 'who seeþ me?'
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)39/17 : Now..the meris y-sette of thyn eldryn lond, vnryghtfully ouer-goste [Dub: uergoste].
b
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)314 : He let his oth al ouer-ga; Þerof ne yaf he nough a stra.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1903 : Hear haued moyses ouer-gon; Ðorfore he wended eft a-gon.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.3830 : Saul let it overgon And dede noght the goddes heste.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.220 : Þe erle ansuerd nouht; he lete þat word ouer go; No þing þer on he þouht, tille vengeance felle on þo.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.5325 : Ne we schal nat dissymulen..To lete slyde or liȝtly ouer-go Þe grete offencis þat were so late do.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.1009 : Wherfore myn auctour lihtli ouergoth, Makith off that age no special remembraunce, But passeth ouer from Adam to Nembroth.
- a1500(a1471) Ashby APP (Cmb Mm.4.42)498 : A peny spent bi wise prouision Auailith two in time seasonable, And in lyke wise..some thinges oons by tyme doon Ben worthe twyes other thing ouergoon.
c
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2640 : Quen he was born, abram had þan Sex and fourscor yeir ouergan.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4029 : Nine score yeir he had houergan, Oute o þis lijf wen he was tan.
4.
(a) To go away, depart; of a condition, an emotion etc.: pass away; of an action; cease; ppl. overgoinge, passing, transitory; (b) of time or a period of time: to pass; ppl. overgon, past, gone, having passed.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)8/30 : Ða bicom heom feringa on ane tid dæȝes þær heo stoden þet heoræ naðor nan word cwæðen ne mihte; þa ðæt eft ofer gan wæs, þa cwæð dauid to þam cnihte, [etc.].
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)1883 : Ne nawiht ne drede ich na deð þet ouergeað [vr. ouergað], for þet endelese lif, þet he haueð ileuet me ananriht þrefter.
- a1250 Mon may longe (Mdst A.13)45 : Uore [read: þar] fore let lust ouer-gon, man, and eft it sal þe liken.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)567 : An bo þi piping ouergo, Ne boþ on þe craftes namo.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)952 : Þe niȝtingale hi understod, An ouer gan [Jes-O: auer gan] lette hire mod.
- a1300 PMor.(Jes-O 29)15 : Mon let þi fol lust ouergo, and eft hit þe likeþ.
- ?a1300(c1250) Prov.Hend.(Dgb 86)st.36 : If þou havest þine oune won, Þenne is þe borewinge overgon [vr. agone], Al wiþouten kare.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1186 : His yuel fort was ouer-gon.
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)830 : Lete þi wretþe first ouergon, Y pray þe, par charite!
- ?a1425(?c1350) NHom.(3) Pass.(RwlPoet 175)2962 : Þe sonn-bemes full bright schane, Bot hastily it was ouer-gane; Mirk it wex with-outen lyght.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 37.21 : Feerli þe eir shal ben wroȝt togidere in to cloudis, & ouer goynge [Dc 369(1): ouergoende; WB(2): passynge; L transiens] wind shal dryuen hem.
- c1390 NHom.Narrat.(Vrn)16.266/434 : Allas, allas, ffor i seo þis world ouer gas; I seo þis world is so chaungable, þat nout þat is þer Inne is stable.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.3325 : The king..Was inly glad and so wel paid That al his wraththe is overgo.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)5085 : Mi wreche es me nou al ouer-gan.
- c1410 Chaucer CT.Kn.(Hrl 7334)A.1782 : And schortly whan his Ire is ouer gon, He gan to loke on hem with eyen blake and light.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.3940 : Lateth ouer go Al ȝour wepyng, þouȝt, and heuynes.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.846 : As hire joies moten overgon, So mote hire sorwes passen everechon.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.424 : The newe love, labour, or oother wo..Don olde affecciouns alle overgo [vr. ouere go].
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3784 : Who serveth Love, can telle of woo; The stoundemele joie mot overgoo.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)3606 : Alas, thi Ioye schal ouer-go!
- a1450(?1420) Lydg.TG (Tan 346)1183 : Woorde is but winde, þat shal sone ouergon.
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)139/719 : And ȝif it so be þat suche a sore be of long tyme & þe colynge & þe strengþe of þe dolur be ouer-gon, & þe colour changiþ.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)231/277 : Ȝa nowe is my grete greffe ouere-gone.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)8281 : It may after bifalle so Þat þilke frendshipe may ouergoo And þi freend bicome þi foo.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.38.12 : Many ȝerez ouer gone [L Evolutis], dyede Sue þe wif of Iude.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.1962 : The time of yeres overgeth, That he was man of brede and lengthe.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)25003 : After þate, fone daies ouergane, A child forsoȝ had kyng cadwan.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)5.2062 : Whan wyntir..Was ouergon in thilke regioun, Hanybal gan his purpos holde.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.270 : Often-tyme it falleþ þat þei do Sum dede, þat when þe tyme is over-go, Hem-self þei demen in theire owne þoght Þat bettre had þat dede ben vnwroght.
- c1450 Whanne marye was greet (Lamb 853)320 : Þat tyme while þou in heuen were, Ful myche ioie haddist þou tho..But riȝt soone it was ouer-goo.
- 1543(1464) Hardyng Chron.B (Grafton)p.205 : William his sonne and heire..after hym was duke..When yeres many were passed and ouergone.
5.
(a) To overcome (sb.), conquer (a nation, people, etc.); overrun (a city, land), ravage; get the better of (sb.); (b) to overtake (sb.), catch; catch (sb. in a lie or in adultery); (c) of hunger, disease, old age, death, temptation, a vice, an emotion, etc.: to overcome (sb., the heart, mind); also, appease (hunger), overcome (sin, human frailty, a fit of sneezing); (d) to prevail, be victorious.
Associated quotations
a
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1070 : Þæt land folc..griðedon wið hine, wændon þæt he sceolde þet land ofer gan.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3845 : Whærd [?read: Whær] is þe ilke mon þat me ne mæi mid mede ouer-gan?
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3004 : Go ðu gund pharaon agen; Sei him, if min folc ne mote gon, Fleges kin sal hin ouer-gon.
- c1350 How GWife(1) (Em 106)162/73 : Gode wise men with ȝiftes men mai ouergon.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Thes.4.6 : This is the wille of God..that no man ouergo [L supergrediatur], nether disseyue his brother in cause.
- c1390 Cato(1) (Vrn)261 : Quaunt tu aueras pouer De autre sourmounter..þe mon þat þou maiȝt ouergo, Wiþ suffrance him ouercome.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)575 : God..Wiþ no manere creature may be Vndirgroped ny ouergone.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)5505 : Ioseph kin ouer-gas [Trin-C: ouer gooþ] alle, þat was wont to be thralle.
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (Bod 416)181/19 : Þis is..þe wil of God..þat..no man ouergo his broþer wiþ uiolence ne bigilinge in marchaundise.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6821 : The stronge the feble overgoth [F robe].
- c1440(c1350) Octav.(1) (Thrn)111/704 : The geaunte..badde þay solde send owte a knyghte Þat myghte hym fynde his fille of fyghte, Ore he þat londe wolde ouergoo.
- c1440(c1350) Octav.(1) (Thrn)113/730 : Alle this cete i wille ouer-go; Als dogges þane salle þay dy!
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)47.134 : I se wel..that my peple I may not Ouergo with-Owten strenkthe Of myn baronye.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)630 : Thanne cam jt jn hire mynde anon that the enemy hire hadde ouergon.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)642 : And I, Folye, Schal hyen hym hye Tyl sum enmye Hym ouyrgoo.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)22/26 : Ye schall delyuer vs and our countre frome our aduersaries that wold ouergoo vs.
b
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)3277 : Ȝif he þe may ouer-go, He wil þe bren oþer slo.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)8644 : Þou liest, wicke wommon, þou shal þerof be ouer goon; My quyke childe þou hast stolen to þe And þi dede childe leide by me.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)13700 : Þese phariseus..To þe chirche brouȝten a wif þat wiþ horedome was ouergon [Vsp: ouertan].
c
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)32/292 : Þe libbinde i flesche ouergað flesches lahe ant ouercumeð cunde.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)947 : For wraþþe meinþ þe horte blod Þat hit floþeþ [read: floweþ] so wilde flod, An al þe heorte ouergeþ.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2286 : Kinde luue gan him ouer-gon.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)34/5 : Zuo moche him ouergeþ þe ilke zorȝe.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)212/10 : Alsuo ssolle we grede aye þe foles of euele þenchinges þet ouerguoþ ofte þe herte.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.576 : I wolde..chyde with miselven so That al my wit is overgo.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.3191 : Wonder overgoth his wit.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.227 : Lothes wif was overgon And schape into the salte Ston.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)8572 : So holy man was neuer none Þat temptacyun ne hat hym ouergone.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4721 : Qualm has beistes al ouergan.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)8351 : Wiþ elde I am ouer-gane now.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)75/16 : Pride shal him ouergone.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)61/34 : I prey God þat þe Deuelys deth mote ouyr-go þe sone & raþe.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)29/24 : Þis anger ouergoþ hym.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)235/5 : Also scholde we crie harde to God aȝens þe fier of couetise or of lecherie, þat he ȝeue vs þe water of teeres for to quenche wiþ suche fier, þat it ouer-go not oure hertes.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)811 : Then Esau wyst no bettur wone..with honger so he was ouergone.
- c1450(1446) Nightingale (Clg A.2)3/47 : My herte with mony a thoght was ouer-go.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)113/22 : Þou shalt be fre in herte, and derknesses shul not ouergo [L conculcabunt] þe.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)3635 : If þe hete þe colde ouer go, And þe drie þe weet also, Þe body begynneþ forto quake.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)4686 : His hunger is wel ouer-gan Wiþ mete and drinke þat he gat.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)10556 : If þou wolte wiþholde fnesyng, Opene thi mouthe at þe byginning And drawe faste þin oonde to and fro And fnesing shal þe over-goo.
d
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)1838 : Perseueraunce..Betokeneth nomore but the contynuaunce Of vertuous lyuyng tyll dethe hath ouergoon.
6.
(a) To surpass (sb. or sth.), exceed; be exalted over (sth.); outrun (hounds); (b) to accomplish (sth.); fulfill (a prophetic vision); ~ journei, finish a journey.
Associated quotations
a
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)20/327 : Wedlac haueð frut þrittifald in heouene; widewehad, sixti fald; Meiðhad wið hundret fald ouergeað baþe.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)36/31 : Alre wundre meast, þet tu þe ane hauest ouergan þi feader & ti moder, meies & mehes ba, & al þe ende þet tu & heo habbeð in ieardet.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)200/5 : Fowr heaued luuen me ifind i þis world..þe luue þet iesu crist haueð to his deore leofmon ouergeað [Nero: ouergeð; Tit: ouergas] þeos fowre.
- a1250(?c1150) Prov.Alf.(Mdst A.13)92/193 : Wisdom alle wele ouergoþ [Trin-C: oure-god].
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)112/31 : Hit clepeþ ziker bread substanciel, þet is to zigge, þet paseþ and ouergeþ alle substances.
- (c1390) Chart.Abbey HG (LdMisc 210)351 : Pax domini exsuperat omnem sensum..Goddis pees ouergoþ [vr. ouurgeþ] eueriche maner wiit.
- a1400 Ancr.(Pep 2498:Pahlsson)154/15 : Set misericordia superexaltat judicium, Þat is þe mercy weiȝeþ euer more to vs ward & ouer goþ alle his juggementz.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)26 : He renneþ wondir fast, and some tyme at þe partyng for his leire he shal ouer goo a brace of good greye houndes.
- a1425(a1400) Paul.Epist.(Corp-C 32)Rom.3.9 : Quid igitur precellimus eos: Þerfor what schal we seye; ouergo we þem?
- a1450 Castle Love(1) (BodAdd B.107)1849 : We shull God, our savior, isyn; That ouergeþ alle oþer blyssis vchon.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)3/25 : Þis preier ouerstiȝeþ alle oþer & ouergoiþ in dignyte..it ouerweiȝeþ alle.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2534 : Þe grace of þe grekis ouire-gos [Dub: ouergose] þe barbers.
- a1550 *Ripley CAlch.(BodeMus 63)63b : The pecockes fethers in colors gaie ye rainebow..shall overgo.
b
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)5706 : Þe to þousand todriuen and slawe Þai hadden in a litel þrawe, So man wold in a mile-way Ouergon his iurnay.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.66 : Þis vision is ȝit to drede..I trowe it is ouergone þorgh William conqueroure; He com & slouh ilkone þo wikked men in stoure.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.284 : It is to drede..Lest of þi labour þat þou feynt and fayle, And for thy iourney þat is ouergone.
7.
To exceed (one's strength); ~ mesure, exceed a limit, be excessive.
Associated quotations
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)252/29 : Þe ilke ouergeþ mesure þet wyle zeche kendelich skele ine þan þet is aboue onderstondinge.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)45/14 : Yef sho ses þat þe charge of þe cumandement ouir-gase hir force, whit mekenes sal sho muster to þabbes hir sekenes, and noht with pride, na with gainsaȝe.