Middle English Dictionary Entry
auctoritẹ̄ n.
Entry Info
Forms | auctoritẹ̄ n. Also autorite, -ity. |
Etymology | OF au(c)torité |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) The right to rule or command, legal power; position of authority, official position; of (one's) owen ~, without any outside sanction or authorization, independently; (b) the power to convince or influence people, capacity for inspiring belief or trust.
Associated quotations
a
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)147 : He chasteþ and diȝt þe foles be þe autorite þet he heþ.
- (c1380) Chaucer CT.SN.(Manly-Rickert)G.471 : Han noght oure myghty princes to me yeuen, Ye bothe power and auctoritee, To maken folk to dyen or to lyuen?
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.387 : And I assoille hym by the auctoritee Which that by bulle ygraunted was to me.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.2925 : The Pope..Of his Papal Autorite Hath mad and yove the decre.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1597 : He..chees hire of his owene auctoritee.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)4522 : Ac for his gret auctorite [vr. autorite], He nolde quyk ȝiue ansuere.
- (1415) Hoccl.Oldcastle (Hnt HM 111)291 : Auctoritee of Preest excedith alle Eerthely powers.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.1.87 : Y ne myghte noght knowen what that womman was of so imperial auctorite.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)18/22 : Þe sowdan es of als grete auctoritee amanges þaim as þe kyng es here amanges vs.
- (1428) Doc.in Sur.Soc.855 : Ye Mayr and ye Counsell..tuke hym to yair grace in all poyntes yat pertiend to yair power and auctoryte.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)506 : I wol of myn owene autorite..take on the charge now.
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)129 : No burgeys of the toun shal distreyne an othyr burgeys of the same, toun of his owne authoritee for trespas which he has maad aȝeyns hym.
- (1440) Visit.Alnwick176 : Wyllyam, by the grace of God, bysshope of Lincolne..Now late visityng by our auctoryte ordinarye yowe and your saide priorye.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)2/10 : And it longeth to hem that been ordeynede ther-to, the whych haue iurediccion and auctorite, and to noon othyr.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)2027 : Wee have no Iuge here of Autorite.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)579/28 : Yf the bisshop of lyncolne wold conferme hit with his episcopall auctorite.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)145 : The kyngis counsell was wonned to be chosen off grete princes..and also off oþer men that were in grete auctorite and offices.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)6b : To put owt of Auctorite: Exautorare.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)21 : By vertu of the auctorite that he hath of the chirche.
b
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2355 : Grete thynges ne ben nat ay acompliced..but by good conseil, by auctoritee of persones, and by science.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4165 : Men may..rede Of many a man moore of auctoritee Than euere Catoun was.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2628 : Thei that writen the scripture Of Grek, Arabe and of Caldee, Thei were of such Auctorite, That [etc.].
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)2804 : A man..most acceptid of auctorite, First be resoun of his high estat, And ek for he was so fortunat..and was also secre with the goddys.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.65 : In the town ther was Dwellynge a lord of gret auctorite..That in science so expert was.
- a1425 Nicod.(1) (Add 32578)330 : Whethire was it saide þe soo, Or of þin awen outorytye?
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)179 : Þo synnys..ben not greet synnys. as schal appere sumwhere ellis in my writyngis bi auctorite of seynt dynys and of þe apostlis.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)43/26 : With gretter auctorite and more feruent loue, he prechid þe word of God.
- a1475(a1447) Bokenham MAngl.(Hrl 4011)11/41 : Y dar boldly by auctoryte of experyence addyne her-to.
2.
(a) Official consent or approval, sanction, authorization; the act of authorizing; (b) bi ~ of, with the approval of, by power delegated from; withouten ~, without official sanction, without the approval or consent (of sb.).
Associated quotations
a
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)3335 : Lat hem fette be myn auctorite Vitayle ynoh.
- a1425 Wycl.MCh.(Bod 788)400 : Alle þes writeris of Goddis lawe hadden autorite of God to be scribis of Goddis word.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.10/12 : He..grauntid to the peticioner his kyngly fauore, benyngly yeuynge auctorite to execute his purpos.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)40/838 : Fore God haþ grauntyd of His grace be His aunctorete..Ȝoure soulys may he saue.
- (1430) Let.Scrope in EHR 54425 : Then pleset you to certifie us, by auctorite under your lettre and seal, of your wylle and entent.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.FCLife (Corp-C 296)189 : Sche was a womman þat hadde not auctorite of goddis lawe to teche.
- (1461) Paston (Gairdner)3.266 : If they had no auctorite from the Kyng to do so.
- a1475(a1447) Bokenham MAngl.(Hrl 4011)27 : Þe vse of þe palle secyd..tylle Egbert..recvryd hit ageyne by þe popis auctoryte.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)166/23 : He strengthid hit with the auttorite of his writinge & þe surete of his seele.
b
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.283 : He was i-made kyng..by auctorite [L auctoritate] of pope Steuene.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.4845 : I ne durst..Haue sent Paris..Wiþoute avis and auctorite of Eneas.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.56 : Crist..reprovede him sharpli bi autorite of God.
- a1425 Wycl.MCh.(Bod 788)402 : Crist..bad him for to do þus bi auctorite of Crist.
- (c1438) *Proc.Chanc.PRO ser.C 1 file 9no.301 : Ayens þe kyngs Corone, his lawe, and his dignitee, and with oute auctoritee.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)328 : Þey ben ordeyned wijsely..and bi þe hool autorite of alle hem whiche han riȝt and interes to helpe make þilke ordinauncis.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)1.912 : Thei made a gaderyng wyth-ovten autorite.
- (1452) Doc.in HMC Var.Col.4201 : That alle stewardes..doo areste..beggers begging oute of the hundred, wheras they duelle withoute the Kyng's auctorite or warante.
- (1472-3) RParl.6.21a : Please it your Highnes..by the advis and assent of the Lordes..and the Comens in this present Parlement assembled, and by auctorite of the same, to ordeyn [etc.].
- (1474) RParl.6.112a : The said Collectours..shuld have power, by auctorite of this present Parlement, to distreigne the said persone.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)143 : Wich thynge..mey not perfitly be done withowt a generall resumpcion, made be auctorite off parlement.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)8 : If he pronounce wiþ out autorite.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)61 : He came into Irland..wythout auctorite of heghyr Prince.
3.
(a) Legal validity, authenticity; of ~, officially approved, authentic, valid; (b) recognized worth, value, efficacy; quality of being approved, good reputation.
Associated quotations
a
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)168 : And þat may wel [i]preuyd be Wyþ a tale of auctoryte.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)3548 : A tale of an autoryte [OF vne cunte cunferme].
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)32/15 : Were it not þanne aȝens resoun..to maynten þat þe worde of God..schulde not be of autorite wiþouten autorysing of þis creature holi chirche?
- (1443) Will York in Sur.Soc.30134 : I wille that a speciall wille..be in registred and of as grete strength and auctorite as my present testament.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.283 : Youre noble exortacioun..Full digne it is of hye auctorite.
b
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)221 : Spoushod..is a stat of greate autorite, uor god hit made ine paradis terestre..erþan man hedde y-zeneȝed.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.800 : Ther was in the Cite A temple of such auctorite, To which..The noble wommen..a pelrinage Gon.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)205a/b : Þis stone was of gret auctorite in olde tyme.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)230b/b : Þis herbe, þough he be lite, was of gret auctorite amonge men in olde tyme.
- a1450 Dc.291 Lapid.(Dc 291)17 : He..spake to many perireres & to many wyse dyuinours, for to witte þe auctorite of stones.
4.
(a) An authoritative passage or statement, a passage quoted to prove or support a proposition, a text of Scripture; (b) an authoritative book or writing; authoritative doctrine (as opposed to reason or experience); also, an author whose opinions or statements are regarded as correct; maken ~, to quote as authoritative.
Associated quotations
a
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)20a : Ysaie..seið i þe ilke auctorite [Nero: autorite], þet i silence & in hope schal beon ure strengðe.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.3000 : Ther nedeth noon auctoritee to allege, For it is proued by experience.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2660 : Tho two auctoritees that ye han seyd aboue been oonly vnderstonden in the iuges.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1658 : And for he wolde his longe tale abregge, He wolde noon auctoritee allegge.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)106b/b : For auctorite of holi writte telliþ vs þat watris beþ I-set aboue heuenes.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.4.45 : Thou seidest eek by the mouth of the same Plato that it was a necessarie cause, wise men to..desire the governance..therfore I, folwynge thilke auctorite, desired to putten forth in execucion.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)2b/b : Þay deyned noȝt for to here but vsed þinges & proued by auctorite.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)2394 : By preve as wel as by autorite, That wiked fruit cometh of a wiked tre, That may ye fynde.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)167/37 : Tweyn good clerkys..strengthyng her skyllys be auctoriteys of Holy Scriptur.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)27.356 : Nethir be non devyn Awtorite the Contrarie proven.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)96 : It is veyn..to vse such þingis aȝen þus mani biddingis, autoritees, witnes, and counseilis.
b
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.1 : Experience, thogh noon auctoritee Were in this world, is right ynogh for me To speke of wo that is in mariage.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)1240 : Seynt poule þat sagh goddys pryuyte, he seyþ yn hys autoryte A feyre wurd vs for to saue.
- c1410 Chaucer CT.NP.(Hrl 7334)B.4174 : Oon of þe grettest auctorite þat men rede Saith þus.
- ?c1430(?1382) Wycl.Pet.Parl.(Corp-C 296)508 : Þe fewe articlis..seet wiþinne þis writing, and proved boþe by auctorite and resoun.
- c1430(c1395) Chaucer LGW Prol.(2) (Benson-Robinson)83 : Men shulde autoritees beleve, There as there lyth non other assay by preve.
- a1450 Dc.291 Lapid.(Dc 291)28 : Also þe auctorites seyn þat, who-so berith berill nere his flesche ayeins þe sonne, þt þe fire þat cometh oute cacheth þe flesche.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)6b : To mak Auctorite: Autorare, Autorizare, laudare.