Middle English Dictionary Entry
nōbles(se n.
Entry Info
Forms | nōbles(se n. Also noblesce, nobeles(se. |
Etymology | OF noblece, noblesse, noblesce & ME nōble adj. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) High rank or birth, nobility; also personified; ~ of kinrede, high birth; also, as coll. ~ of the reaume, noblemen of the kingdom; (b) majesty, greatness, dignity; royal or kingly nature, mind, or conduct; of ~, because of majesty or noble nature [quots.: c1390 & (?a1430)]; kepen ~, to maintain the condition that befits a kingdom; (c) in honorific modes of address or description: highness, excellency, majesty; -- also pl.; your (excellent, heigh, etc.) ~; his renomed (excellent) ~.
Associated quotations
a
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)87/19 : Þe feorðe reisun is preoue of noblesce [Roy: nobylnes] & of largesce. Noble men & gentile ne beoreð nanes packes.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)89/5 : Þo þet makeþ ham zuo quaynte of þe ilke poure noblesse þet hi habbeþ of hare moder þe erþe þet berþ and norysseþ azewel þe hogges.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)100/25 : More gratter noblesse [Vices & V.(2): nobleie; F noblesce] ne may ich habbe þanne to by zone to ane zuo greate emperur þet is god.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.1167 : Thenketh how noble..Was thilke Tullius Hostillius, That out of pouerte roos to heigh noblesse.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.468 : Grisilde..I yow took out of youre poure array And putte yow in estat of heigh noblesse.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.4.90 : Som man is renomyd of noblesse of kynrede [L nobilitas].
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)191/19 : Þey ne chesen him nought for no noblesse ne for no ricchess but such on as is of gode maneres.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)5/142 : For gentille must be wonne with gentiles..The more that they ben sett as in nobles, The more assure thee in thi gouernaunce Tyme to speke.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)149 : It is an neewe manere that noblesse seecheth thus his bred.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)667 : A lady of ful gret ffayrnesse And gret noblesse..Wher-off I hadde Ioye..ffor she..Was douhter of som Emperour, Somme myghty kyng or gouernour, Or off that lord that guyeth al.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)141/15 : The name of noblesse is but a veyn thyng but it be illumyned with vertue.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)142/11 : They ought to be ashamed and confoundid and haue litle cause to be proude for the noblesse of their kynne, whiche is defoyled in their owyn personis.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)145/10 : It seemyd well that she was fallen from higher noblesse and honeure [CQ(2): a gretter worschip] that than her estate shewyd outewarde.
- a1500 Chartier Quad.(2) (Rwl A.338)190/12 : Thei..doubte full litle to put in aventure withowte reason and ordre all the noblesse of the realme [CQ(1): the nobles and the reame].
b
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.248 : I sholde tellen al the purueiaunce That themperour of his grete noblesse Hath shapen for his doghter dame Custaunce.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.2820 : His pacience and his simplesse Hath set him into hih noblesse; Thus was he Pope canonized.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.7648 : Liberalite..Stant and governeth his noblesse.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.2074 : In signe of his noblesse..Of fin gold and of riche stones A corone on his hed he bar.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1055 : Ȝiff noblesse wer of his allye, And fredam..So as longeth to honour of a kyng, He schulde haue chargid..His worthi liges..To haue schewed þe comfort.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.5362 : Desyre of hauynge in a gredy þouȝt To hiȝe noblesse sothly longeth nouȝt.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)196/1 : But for to kepe nobless [F noblesse garder] & for to schewe þat wee ben obeyssant, wee haue a kyng.
- (?a1430) Hoccl.MG (Hnt HM 111)130 : God..of his noblesse Conioyned hath yow..As modir and sone.
- ?1435(1432) Lydg.Hen.VI Entry (Jul B.2)293 : Thanne stoode also affore the seyde kyng Twoo iuges with ffull hyh noblesse.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)3.86 : Releued be the goodliheed, And thoruh the noblesse off this most knyghtli man.
- (1439) Proc.Privy C.5.357 : That were gret pitee consideryng the noblesse and puissence of hem.
- c1450(a1449) Lydg.SSecr.(Sln 2464)145 : That lond..Ther noblesse for to magneffye.
- c1450(a1449) Lydg.SSecr.(Sln 2464)892 : And he that wyl be famous in largesse..lat hym Conceyve Aforn in his noblesse The discertys of hih and lowe degre.
- c1450(a1449) Lydg.SSecr.(Sln 2464)1096 : Kynges ar wont in ther magnificence, To shewe ther noblesse and ther hihe Renoun, Ther lordshippe and domynacyoun.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)971 : O God..Moche ys thy myght and thy noblesse [vr. nobles].
- c1475 St.Anne(2) (Trin-C R.3.21)271 : They were myghty and puissaunt in nobles, Of erthely thynges so gret influence Passyng all other ferre in excellence.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)1062 : To kyng arthur and all his knightis..Men shold nowhere fynd your make, All noblisse to fynd that myght be sought.
c
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2956 : We..been redy to come what day that it like vn to youre noblesse [vr. noblenesse].
- (?c1410) Hoccl.Chancellor (Hnt HM 111)4 : My lord the Chanceller..I..Byseche vn-to your excellent noblesse.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.3776 : We praye to ȝoure hyȝe noblesse To oure purpos for to condescende.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.4994 : Doth ȝour deuer..to se To his knyȝthod..For to restreyne his renomed noblesse, Þilke day to handle spere nor shelde.
- (1425) RParl.4.271a : Ye protestation made by Sire Wauter Beauchamp, ynne my Lordes name of Warrewyk, and by your Noblesses amitted and y graunted.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)209/17 : I beseche ȝoure worthi and excellent noblesse.
- c1450(a1449) Lydg.SSecr.(Sln 2464)443 : This book..was brought to your sight..your noblesse to delyte.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)1849 : Compleyne vnto his excellent noblesse.
- c1450(?c1408) Lydg.RS (Frf 16)2318 : My lady..I thanke vnto your high noblesse.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)207/21 : The best wordys that therin benne I shall here-to youre nobellese writte.
2.
(a) Elevation of character, nature, or behavior (supposed to accompany highness of station), nobility; soth ~, true nobility of nature and conduct; wommanli ~, female nobleness of character; ~ of god condiciounes, nobility of habits, manners, or attitudes; ~ of herte (corage), nobility of nature; (b) honor, renown, fame; worthiness; praiseworthiness; pl. dignities; ~ of renoun, great fame; (c) noble conduct in battle, valor; (d) magnificence, splendor; glory; magnificent objects; for ~, to give a magnificent appearance befitting majesty; out of a sense of the splendid.
Associated quotations
a
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)87/16-18 : Þe zoþe noblesse [Vices & V.(2): nobleie; F noblesce] comþ of þe gentyle herte. Vorzoþe non herte ne is gentyl bote he louie god; þanne þer ne is non noblesse bote to serui god an louye.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)88/20-22 : Þe zoþe noblesse þanne of man begynþ hyer be grace and be uirtue and is uolueld ine blysse. Þise noblesse makeþ þe holy gost ine herte þet he clenzeþ ine clennesse and alyȝt ine zoþnesse and uoluelþ ine charite.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)32/19 : He that ioyneth to his gentilnes nobles [vr. nobilnesse] of good condicions is to prayse.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)59/16 : To loue with good corage, it cometh of noblesse of herte.
- a1456(a1407) Scogan MB (Ashm 59)73 : Vertuous noblesse Comþe not to yowe of youre Auncestrye, But it comþe thorugh leofful besynesse Of honeste lyff.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)141/11 : That they be armed with vertues, whiche, for to seye propyrly, is the moste noblesse, for withoute vertue nothyng is noble.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)223/14 : Nobles of corage causeth him to doute for to sey nay to his own men.
- a1500(c1380) Chaucer Bal.Ch.(Benson-Robinson)24 : Wommanly noblesse Shulde nat desire for to do the outrance Ther as she fyndeth non unbuxumnesse.
b
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.61 : By þe erþe stiryng bitokneþ þe grete noblesse þat þe prechours shullen han.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.185 : Thise marchauntz han hym told of dame Custaunce So greet noblesse.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.1540 : Knyȝthod, noblesses, and in armys victorie -- Alle þese can Loue leyn a-syde.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.2.42 : It semeth to some other folk that noblesse of renoun [L claritas] be the sovereyn good and hasten hem to geten hem gloryous name.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.10.205 : Thilke same blisfulnesse..is sovereyn power, sovereyn reverence, sovereyn clernesse or noblesse, and sovereyn delyt.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)242 : This same thing mowen we thinken..of noblesse [L claritudine].
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.425 : The noble book off this Iohn Bochas Was..Off gret noblesse and reputacioun.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)6.3000 : Bochas..afforced his corage To remembre thexcellent noblesse Of this oratour.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1424 : Saugh I..many a peler..they were mad for gret noblesse..And folk of digne reverence..Upon the piler saugh I stonde.
- c1450 De CMulieribus (Add 10304)1505 : Of all Latyne she is the firste fowndress; That was a dede of right grete nobless.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)171/26 : The hardy of few thynges hee hym entremyttyth, and takyth few nedys in hande, and they shall ben of grete nobelesse and of grete renoune.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)3/26 : In our tyme is fall the grette pryce and noblesse of Fraunce.
- a1500 Chartier Quad.(2) (Rwl A.338)232/2 : The olde awncientes with the travaile of their bodyes and iupardye of their lyves haue goten honours, noblesses, and suche as longith to their right.
c
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.483 : Hector..rood..Amongis his lordis & knyȝtes euerychon As he þat was rote of al noblesse, Of knyȝthod grounde, of strengþe & hardines Þe verray stok.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)10/16 : Haue thou neuyr the more hate To his vertu, strengthe, and nobles [vr. nobylnese], Which opened the yatis of wurthynes.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)349/23 : He, as the moste noblyst knyght of the worlde, worshypfully fought with hem bothe and helde them hote, that all men wondred of the nobles of sir Launcelot.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)526/16 : Sir Trystram, whan he behylde the nobles of thes twenty knyghtes, he mervayled of their good dedys.
- c1450(?a1400) Chestre Launfal (Clg A.2)615 : Þe tydyng com to Artoure..Of Syr Launfales noblesse.
d
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)4061 : Of gold, of siluer, and noblesse, Þai founden grete riches.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.782 : In gret noblesse [vrr. nobleye; noblenesse]..they ryden in her wey.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)780 : Fetys damyseles two..Hadde Myrthe doon, for his noblesse [F par noblesce], Amydde the karole for to daunce.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1108 : Upon the tresses of Richesse Was sette a cercle for noblesse Of brend gold.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)144/25 : Noman wolde beleve the noblesse, the ricchesse, ne the multytude of folk þat ben in his court.
- ?1435(1432) Lydg.Hen.VI Entry (Jul B.2)511 : Be gladde, O London..Citee of Citees, off noblesse precellyng.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)112/20 : Many Grekis wente to Troye to se þe noblesse of þe cite & of þe riche tierment.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)471 : Sawgh I never such noblesse Of ymages.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1114/30 : There were made grete festis unto kyngis and deukes, and revell, game, and play, and all maner of nobeles was used.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)79/3 : The taile of the which serpent upon the which it was sett betokend the highnesse and the noblesse of thempire.
3.
(a) Excellence of status or kind in the hierarchy of created beings; ~ of kinde, excellence of essential character; (b) excellence, perfection; praiseworthiness; (c) sign of nobility; kindeli ~, an inborn sign of nobility.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.5.169 : Swich is the condicioun of alle mankynde, that oonly whan it hath knowynge of itself, thanne passeth it in noblesse alle othere thynges.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)47/23 : Soule of man passiþ alle creatures þat þou may see in strengþe & in noblesse.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)90 : To thi noblesse [F noblece] may compare Heuene ne erthe, se ne brid, ne oother creature except the nature of aungeles.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)147/12 : As a man of al bestis that euer god makyd surmountyth in nobelesse of kynde, So he sholde ham surmounte in vertues.
b
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)22/15 : He..þe yelpere..yefþ ham of his..te grede hare noblesse [Vices & V.(2): nobeleies].
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.498 : Lich to god it hath a forme, Thurgh which figure and which liknesse The Soule hath many an hyh noblesse.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.287 : The pure wise of hir mevynge Shewed wel that men myght in hire gesse Honour, estat, and wommanly noblesse.
- c1450(a1449) Lydg.SSecr.(Sln 2464)966 : The noblesse [L summa & mera bonitas] of a famous Kyng, Vndirstondyng breffly to Conclude, Was perfeccioun vp lokkyd in sentence, Signed in a kyng.
c
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)207/11,15,16 : For the noblesse of þat contree is to haue longe nayles..þere ben manye..þat han hire nayles so longe þat þei envyroune all the hond, And þat is a gret noblesse [Man.(2): a grete noblay and a grete gentry; F noblesse]. And the nobless of the wommen is for to hauen smale feet & litill.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)181/23 : The kynge of bees Is wythowt a styngill; this is a kyndely nobelesse of the vnreysonabill creature.