Middle English Dictionary Entry
middes n.
Entry Info
Forms | middes n. Also mids & mid(d)est, midst. |
Etymology | OE midde n., reshaped in ME phrases like in middes by analogy with adverbs in -e)s; also cp. OE on middan, tōmiddes. Forms in -e)st are prob. due to influence of superlatives. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. in middes.
1.
(a) The middle part of something; the core of a fruit; also, the midpoint, center [PConsc. quot.]; fro the ~ up, from the midpoint to the top; (b) bi the ~, ?from or about the middle; in (the) ~, situated in the middle, in the midst; to the ~, up to the middle, half full; (c) atte ~, at the midpoint, in the middle part; in the ~, at the middle; to the ~, to the mid-line, half buried; (d) at the ~ of, in (the) ~ of, in ~, in the middle of (sth.), at the center of (sth.); bi ~ of, from the middle of (the spine); thurgh ~, through the center of (sth.); (e) fro ~, from within (sth.); in ~, in the middle of (sth.), inside (a furnace), surrounded by (fire); in (the) ~ of, inside of (sth.), at the center of; near the midpoint between the surface and the bottom of (a stream); (f) the middle of a book or a chapter; in the ~; (g) the middle of a human body or of a garment for the whole body, the waist; also, the middle of a pig; in (the) ~, at the waist.
Associated quotations
a
- c1400 Daniel *Herbal (Arun 42)f.33v : Pomum citrinum is of 3 manere of kynde: þe rynde, þe skyn, þe parure is hot & drye; þe pulpe, þe mete, is cold & drye; & þe myddes [cp. at 70v: myd] þe[r]of, þat is þe core & þe pypyn, þe kernel, is cold & moyst.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)5192 : Crist sal sytte..Onence þe myddes of erth.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)58a/b : If it be in þe lower partiez, [it is] of þe spondilez; If it be in menez [Ch.(2): myddel parties]..it is in the myddez [Ch.(2): þe myddel].
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)337 : Myddys, or the myd part of a thynge: Medium.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1548 : The walle..of marbill was most fro þe myddes vp.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)29 : The ryalls full richely raughten frome the myddes.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)87 : Than the nombles anone name I thereaftire, Rent vp fro the rygge reghte to the myddis.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(1) (Med-L 136)252/811 : Take þe myddist of the rote and stamp it wt barowȝ grese.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)80b : Þe Myddys: Medietas, medius.
b
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)2.42 : In middes on a Mountayne at Midmorwe tyde Was piht vp a Pauilon.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)17.184 : Ac who is herte in þe hande, euene in þe myddes, He may receyue riȝt nouȝte.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1388 : And uch a syde upon soyle helde seven myle, And þe saudans sete sette in þe myddes.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.732 : And þoruȝ þis toun..In þe myddes a large riuer went.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Judg.15.4 : He ȝede and took thre hundrid foxis and ioynede the tailis of hem to tailis and boond brondis in the myddis.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3944 : In myddis shall I make a tour.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)31/31 : Ȝee schull fynden in the myddes the figure of the holy cros.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)168a/a : Fille þe potte to þe myddes wiþ oile and water.
- (1447) Acc.St.Mary Thame in BBOAJ 11118 : Itm., an Autr clothe steyned wt an ymage of the Trynyte yn the mydds, ymages of Seynt Clement & Seynt Laurans beyng in the sydes.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)130/15 : It hath a merke of þe mone in þe myddys.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5396 : He saȝe a dym cloude..and stiȝtild in þe myddest A grete, grysely god on a gay trone.
- c1452 Capgr.Aug.Orders (Add 36704)146/13,14 : The second child of þis Iacob he hite Ruben, and þis Ruben is referred on-to chanones seculer swech as be in cathedral cherchis; For Ruben is as mech to sey as seing in þe myddis, or seing be þe myddis.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)206/23 : The Emperoures pavylyon was in the myddys, with an egle displayed on loffte.
- (a1500) Instrum.Pax in Antiq.33212 : [One pax was of] tre plated wt coper over gilded wt a crucifix in the midst..[the second]..the ton syde wt a plate of syluer ouer gylded, wt a crystalle stone in the myddis.
- ?a1525(?a1475) Play Sacr.(Dub 652)480 : In þe myddys yt shalbe sene!
c
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.38/26 : One grete schippe..stode to the myddis yn the sande.
- (1449) Proc.Chanc.in Cal.PCEliz.2.p.lv : The beames shullen be in brede atte myddes xij inches.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)988/33 : He ran to the swerde, and..than he shooke hit, and therewith hit brake in the myddys.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)88a/b : In þis cause it is deedly and, namely, if þe boon be broken in þe middis or fer from þe ioynct.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)4.78 : Thanne þe maste in þe myddis..Bowis for brestynge.
d
- (c1392) ?Westwyk EPlanets (Peterh 75)24/30 : In middes of this nayl þt fastnyth the barre & the label to gidere, ther mot be a smal prikke.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1314 : In middes [Trin-C: Amydde] þe land he sagh a spring.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)2.40 : In myddis a mounteyne..Was piȝt vp a pauyloun.
- (c1422) Hoccl.JWife (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)634 : In middes of the See been we now.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)11/12 : Sche hadde be born in middis of Ierusalem.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)9b/a : Þer be 7 pair of neruez which inmediatly springeþ of þe brayn, And 30 which be middes of nucha.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)11b/b : Of þe 3 humours, þe first is cristalline sette, in þe middes of þe eie.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)89a/b : Take þe þrid sticche euen in þe middes of þe wounde.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)4427 : He smot Philomene with his launce Ryght euen In-myddis his scheld.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)30/30 : A geaunt..had but oon yȝe in the myddes of his forhede.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)295 : He myȝte not walke euenly in þe myddis of þe cawcee.
- (1447) Acc.St.Mary Thame in BBOAJ 858 : Of hew Grene for the lampe in ye myddes of ye Chyrch.
- (1449) Will York in Sur.Soc.30147 : And as for my body, to be buriede in the chirch in Hautenprice, with in the quere, in the mydds of the chauncell.
- a1450 *Mandev.Defect. (Add 37049)3b : Þis oure lord before þe warld has wroght heele in myds of þe erthe [L in medio terre].
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)714 : Hir paleys stant..Ryght even in myddes of the weye Betwixen hevene, erthe, and see.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1601 : Thurgh myddis þe mekill toune meuyt a water.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)12676 : Yt fell in þe myddes of þe flud.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)455/23 : When he was at þe myddest of þe brygg..þer he keste in his ryng.
- a1450 I have a newe gardyn (Sln 2593)5 : In þe myddis of my gardyn is a peryr set.
- a1475(a1456) Shirley Death Jas.(Add 5467)11 : Yn the myddis of the way, thare arose a woman of Yreland, that clepid herselfe as a suthsayer.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)142/22 : Aythir smote other in the myddis of the shelde.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)721/3 : Sir Palomydes..smote his horse traveyse in myddys the syde.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)28a/a : The ij bonys of þe neþere chekis ben ioyned togideris in myddis þe chyn.
- a1500 Henley Husb.(Sln 686)44 : It is to wite þat iij barley cornys þat is in þe mydiste off þe eyre makithe a enche, and xii enchis makithe a foote.
- a1500 Merch.& S.(Cmb Ff.2.38)211 : As Wyllyam walkyd thorow a towne, in myddys of the strete, An olde man..sone there can he mete.
- 1607(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hrl 2124)99/349 : In myddes the sea cast was I.
e
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.7.16 : He ȝaf trumpis in þe handis of hem, & voyde wynpottis, & lawmpis in þe myddis [L in medio] of þe pottis.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.39.9 : & þi lawe in myddes [WB(2): in the myddis] of myn herte.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)124/29 : Whanne am I in þe myddis of ȝou? In sooþ whanne I reste in þe myddis of ȝoure soulis by grace.
- c1425 Castle Love(2) (Eg 927)384 : Four fair stremes in hit out of a welle springes; Fro myddes the hegh tour thai fille the dykinges.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)18/28,31 : Þei walkid in myddis þe fier, louynge here Lord..He seide he sawȝ oon in myddis þe furneyce wiþ þoo þre.
- c1450 Treat.Fish.(Yale 171)159/21 : For all maner of fyche þat fedyt by the grownde, ye schall angle to hym in the myddes of the watur.
f
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)142 : It is take..for a graued God; For whi Leuit. xvje. cap., in the bigynnyng..Reg. ve. cap., aboute the myddis..Isaie xxxe. cap. in the middis, [etc.].
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)11 : Swylke myȝt vnto me send thys boke ryȝt to aray, Begynnyng, myddes, and end.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)81/36 : He wroot and seid of him silf..from þe myddis into þe eende of þilk chapitre.
g
- (a1399) Form Cury (Add 5016)p.79 : Take a pigg and hilde hym fro þe myddes dounward.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)18887 : He brast in middes [Trin-C: in two] quen he hang.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ex.28.33 : Bynethe at the feet of the same coote..thou schalt make as piyn applis..while smale bellis ben medlid in the myddis.
- a1425 Glo.Chron.B (Pep 2014)8962 : Myddes [A: þis gode mold..gurde aboute hire middel a uair linne ssete].
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2206 : The medill of þat myghtty..He merkes thurghe the maylez the myddes in sondyre.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)13273 : Syrens..ffro the navell netherward noght but a fisshe, And made as a maidon fro þe myddes vp.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)138 : The seconde segge..satte at his ese..In a golyone of graye girde in the myddes.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)70/25 : Then Ponthus with his sworde clove hym in the myddys in twoo peces.
2.
(a) Midst; in (the) ~ of, on ~ of, in ~, in the midst of (a group of people or things), among; bi the ~ of, through (a crowd); bitwix ~, among, between; fro(m the ~ of, from among; in the ~, in the midst, among them; (b) that which is between two persons or places; in (the) ~, in the middle, between them.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Kings 16.13 : Samuel tooc an horn of oyle & enoyntide hym in þe myddes of þe breþeren of hym.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)3 Kings 14.7 : I haue enhaunsid þee fro þe myddes [L de medio] of þe puple.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.103 : One of the knyȝtes rose up in myddes of þe ostes.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)16076 : Vp þar stert tua panteners in middes þat consile.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)67.14 : If ye slepe bitwix middes clerkes.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)81.1 : In middes sothlike goddes demes he þa.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.5855 : How fil þou so, o þou morwe sterre, From þe myddis of þe stonys briȝt?
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.1013 : To þe erþe anon he bare hym doun In myddis of his mortal foon.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Gen.35.2 : Caste ȝe a wei alien goddis, that ben in the myddis of ȝou.
- a1425(a1400) Paul.Epist.(Corp-C 32)1 Cor.5.2 : Þat he be don awey fro þe myddes of ȝou þat has don þat deede.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.75 : On myddis of hem stood þat þei knewen not.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)75/34 : Ihesus, forsothe, passynge be the myddes of hem, he wente.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)27a/b : Tiriacle..is in middes of þe naturez [L in medio naturarum] of þe pacientz bodiez & of þe hurtyngez þam.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)122/16 : Whanne two or þre ben gaderid togyderis in my name, I am in þe myddis of hem.
- (1440) *Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)2906 : Thus in þe myddis of a froward nacyoun Was þis man sette.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)48.33 : Iesus his Sene Made Among his disciples..and In the Middes Sat he there.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)69 : I schal..scater him fro þe middis of my peple.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)217/20 : Scipion..drwe out his swerd in the myddes of the counsaill.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)111/3 : Ordeyne..in þe myddes of þi folk, hem þat sendys out brennand brandouns.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)103/2 : Delbora..rose on hyght owt of dispeyre in myddis of the people of Ysraell.
b
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)2.184 : Thus fals and fauel fareth forth togideres, And Mede in þe myddes.
- c1440 Bonav.Medit.(3) (Thrn)211 : Owre lady helde vp his heued, & Maudeleyne his fete, & þe toþer went in-myddis, berynge vp his body.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)80b : Myddys betwix two places: jntercapedo.
3.
(a) The midpoint of a period of time; also, the middle part of it; in ~ of yeres, in the midst of the years, in the middle of the time allotted; to the ~ of an houre, for half an hour; in (the) ~ of, at the midpoint of (the day, a month, etc.); also, during the middle portion of (a month, etc.); (b) the middle of an action, a course of action, medical treatment, etc.; in ~, in the midst of (one's work); in (the) ~ of, in the midst of (an action, activity, a course of action, ritual), also, in the midst of (events, troubles, a situation).
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)125a/b : Þe sonne in þe myddis of august comeþ in to þe signe þat hatte virgo.
- c1400 *Chaucer Astr.(Brussels 4869)[2.13] 87b : To knowe the altitude of the sunne in myddes of the Day.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.2384 : Niȝe þe myddes of þe moneþ of Ivn.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)141a/b : Be it holde vpon vuulam to þe middez of an houre vnto it be alterate.
- (1444) RParl.5.112b : That the said Servaunt..atte myddes of the seid terme..warn the Maister.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)115b : But also in-to þe myddes of may hit is perilous..to asaye þe see.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)18/20 : Aboute the myddes of the day, ther come furth a knyght.
- c1452 Capgr.Aug.Orders (Add 36704)146/14 : What schal we calle bettir þe myddis þan þis present lif?
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)p.507 : Lord, thi werk, in myddis of ȝeris [L in medio annorum] qwykyn it.
b
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.93 : He..deied in þe myddes of þe drynkynge.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)19.4 : In myddes of þe masse, þo men ȝede to offrynge.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.2234,2250 : I rede..Or ȝe be-gynne..consyderen in ȝour herte Al, only nat þe gynnyng but þe ende And þe myddes..For a gynnyng with grace is wel fortunyd Whan ende and myddes aliche ben contunyd.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)146/4 : Repercussyues in þe bygynnynge..fulfillen þe þridde þing..and resolutifes in þe ende, and medled..in þe myddes.
- (1445) ?Bokenham Claudian CS (Add 11814)265/95 : The reuerence yit of thi souereyns high..Evir clene was savid within thi breste..In myddis of tho grete discoursis [L mediis discursibus] in themperours halle late reysed.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2242 : Ouer lokes all lures to the last ende, What wull falle of þe first furthe to þe middis..And loke to þe last end.
- c1460 Chaucer TC (Hrl 1239)4.1404 : I shal fonde Distourben hym and plucke hym by the sleue In myddys hys werk.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)215/17 : The wytte restyth amonge the grete doutes and the constaunce in the myddys of the terrible aduentures.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)73/18 : Wherefor in the myddis of theire wretchidnesse endid their dayes.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)107/10 : Let vs reste in the certayne hoope of suche as..in the myddis of their myscheffis, hooped to see prosperite and reste com amonge them.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1450 Treat.Perf.(Add 37790)252/9 : Bot the state of thame þat be blyssed is litle and glorious, and þerfore, the myddes remeuyd [L remoto medio], thay þat resayfe glorious clerenesse.
Note: ?sense