Middle English Dictionary Entry
manā̆cen v.
Entry Info
Forms | manā̆cen v. Also manace, manas(e, manasse, manascen, manece, manes(se, manice, maunasen, menace & manaunce; p. manacede, etc. & mancede, mansed, manashed, maneshed, manished & manast(e, manest & mananced, manaunsed; ppl. manaced, etc. & manast, imanased, manaunzed. |
Etymology | OF menacier, manacier, manecier, manascier, manechier, menaschier. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1a.
To threaten (sb., an animal) with suffering of present or future danger or harm: (a) simply; (b) with inf. or that clause; (c) with of, to, or with phrase.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1425(?c1350) NHom.(3) Pass.(RwlPoet 175)1459 : Þe fende..fful hydusly he manast me.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mark 8.33 : The which..manaside Petre, seiynge, 'Go aftir me, Sathanas.'
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.119 : Antiochus..manassed þe Iewes.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2694 : Whan men cursed hym [Christ], he cursed hem noght; and whan men betten hym, he manaced hem noght.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)3681 : Ȝyf þou any man manasse [F auez manace] Þurgh force or power þat þou hasse, Hyt ys grete pryde.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1311 : Somme þere dar Darrye manace, Ac nouȝth ysen hym in any place.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)7.155 : Wastour..manacide [vrr. manaced, Manasede, mancede, mansed, manyshyd] hym & his men.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)422 : When I hade worded quat-so-euer I cowþe To manace alle þise mody men þat in þis mote dowellez.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)193/12 : Þe Walshemen euery day ham ascriede & manacede, & dede al þe despite þat þai myght.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)3586 : They shuld..Compas the toune..her foomen to manace.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)2 Par.26.19 : Ozie was wrooth..and manaasside [WB(1): thratt to] the preestis.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)5/1 : Þe toþer hand he haldes lift vppe..in taken for to menace mysdoers.
- ?1435 Lond.Chron.Jul.(Jul B.2)25 : The same Kyng..hem compellyd and manacyd by manas and dyuers thretynges.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)48/17 : Leomedon..sent boistous messangeris..to manace [vr. manyce] them gretely, if thei voide not in hast.
- a1456(a1449) Lydg.BC (Trin-C R.3.20)p.437 : Þanne shal þere be pourtrayhed affter Chichevache an olde man with a baston on his bakke, manassing þe beest for þe rescowing of his wyff.
- a1450 Parton.(1) (UC C.188)6378 : Many one..manessed hym full ryght dyspeteously.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12260 : Thus Thelamon..manast hom mightily as his mayn fos.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)17858 : Þen was þe fend full fell of ire and manast hym with all his mayn.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)5/4 : The knyght..manasshed theym sore.
- a1456(a1402) *Trev.Nicod.(Add 16165)110b : Nowe noon Worshipeþe vs of al mankynde, but þey manasseþ [Sal: manassuþ] vs strongely.
- (c1462) Stonor1.56 : Thomas Baron, [etc.]..mauneseth me dayly, and put me in suche fere of my lyffe..that I dere not go to cherche ne to chepyng.
- (1472-3) RParl.6.54a : The said Thomas Trethewy and Elizabeth his wyfe..have thretted and manassed the Tenauntes of your said Suppliauntes.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)110 : Therfore God, manassynge hem, made them to be ferde bi thondres and oþer gasteful thynges from the hevene.
- c1475 Guy(4) (Cai 107/176)7708 : Traytoure..Hast thow me manessid here nowe?
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)7.13 : He has bent his bow, that is, he manaunce [vr. manasces] ȝow with haly writt.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)54.13 : If he that hatid me apertly..had proudly heghid him self abouen me & manaunzid me all that he myght.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)479 : For sothe it is no coward knight That thou arte of I-manased here.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)26 : Thow manasest vs as thow wilte.
- a1500 *Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)146/10 : Yet thei..gatte..the power ouir them that proudely ded manace þem.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)61 : Thys traytour Eolus..dayly me manaces.
b
- c1390(?c1350) SVrn.Leg.Barlaam (Vrn)754 : Þe deuel..wiþ a naked swerd He manaced him to beo a ferd.
- c1390 Whon Men beoþ (Vrn)145 : Ȝif þi neiȝebor þe Manas Oþur to culle or to bete, I knowe me siker..Þat þou wolt drede þi neiȝebores þrete.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.1533 : Mi Sone, tell me..Which is that mortiel enemy That thou manacest to be ded.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1752 : In his herte he gan hir to manace That he that nyght in armes wolde hir streyne Harder than euere Parys dide Eleyne.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.298 : Pirrus..Makynge a vowe..To be vengid..vp-on Vlixes hed, Hym manascinge þat he shal be ded.
- (1429) RParl.4.345b : Grete multitude of peple..hem maneshud to bee dede if they made any resistence.
- (1433) RParl.4.458a : The Commons of the Forest of Galtres..manassyng contumely [read: continuely] the said Abbot and Covent, to breke doun the closyr of the said Parke and Close.
- (1436) RParl.4.498a : Ye said William manassed hir that she sholde be dede.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)118/6 : Sum of the payens..toke hym and manaced hym to stone hym vnto deth.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)7.9 : Elsinus..see an ymage of blissede Odo to rebuke hym and manassenge hym to dye.
- a1500 *Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)120/20 : He..manaced all suche that louet not the worlde that thei shulde haue the peynes of hell for their rewarde.
c
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2345 : Fyrst I mansed þe muryly with a mynt one.
- (a1402) Trev.DCur.(Hrl 1900)81/27 : And who þat holdeþ nouȝt þis heeste is manassed with peyne withoute ende.
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)163 : Ȝif ony in the forseyd toun manasse other of lyff, or off membre, or of betyng of his body, or of brennyng of his housys..thanne be the same manasour attachyd by good meinprise.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)3.337 : He was..y-mummyd on þe mouthe and manaced to þe deth.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)17.10 : God manaunsid thaim with hell for thaire synn.
1b.
(a) To warn or order (sb. that he do, or not do, sth.); (b) to try by threats to force (sb. to do sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mark 3.12 : Gretely he manasside [L comminabatur] hem, that thei shulden nat make hym opyn, or knowen.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)111b/a : If he fynde þat with disposicioun to lepre he haþ som signez equiuoca diminute, he is to be manassed [Ch.(2): warned; L comminandus est] homely & pryuely þat he stonde in good gouernaunce.
b
- (1472) Plea & Mem.R.Lond.Gildh.59 : John Lambard saith that..Alexandre manased hym to flee.
2.
(a) To make a threat of (sth. to sb.); (b) to pose a threat to (sth.), endanger; (c) to threaten (that sth. will take place).
Associated quotations
a
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.83 : By þe reyn of heuene bitokneþ þe manace þat he manaceþ þe wicked proude.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.97 : He manassed brennynge to þe citeseyns.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.1525 : Bot yit him stant of me no fere For noght that evere I can manace.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ezek.20.21 : Y manaasside [WB(1): thretenede] to hem, that Y wolde schede out my stronge veniaunce on hem.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Judith 13.28 : Holofernes..dispiside God of Israel, and manaaside [WB(1): thratte] deth to thee.
- a1500 *Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)62/10 : Thei shulde fere the grette myschief that God hath manaced them.
b
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)70 : Many brygaunt the weye doth manace.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)11812 : Yiff thylke werm..Be nat the rather kut away..The tre so sore he wyl manace, Vp to the crop fro the roote, That affterward ther ys no bote.
c
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.9 : Þe schap of seynt Odo..manassed þat he schulde deie.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.1680 : Bot they with proude wordes grete Begunne to manace and threte, Bot he go fro the gate faste, Thei wolde him take and sette faste.
3.
(a) To make a threat or threats; ~ and threten; (b) to threaten (to do sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)1 Pet.2.23 : Whan he suffride, he manaside not.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.646 : He that ofte manaceth [vrr. manaseþ, manasseþ], he threteth moore than he may perfourne ful ofte tyme.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)29 : The boor..whan he renneth vpon þe men þan he manesseth, strongly gronyng.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3161 : So gan he threte and manace, And thurgh the haye he dide me chace.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.m.2.5 : Thise proude kynges that thow seest sitten an hy in here chayeres..manasyng with cruel mowth, blowynge by woodnesse of herte.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1383 : Thane sir Feltemour..Was mouede on his manere and manacede full faste.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.Look TM (Hrl 2255)91 : O man is meeke, anothir doth manace.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)8853 : So longe he manased & þret.
- c1450(?c1408) Lydg.RS (Frf 16)3365 : Venus..wyth myschef dooth manace.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)21 : Wan he was punischid, he manest not aȝen.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.A.2802 : But and thow make a vowe..to slee a man..As theise galantis doith..That in hir pride woll manace and threte.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)13.6 : Thaire mouth is ay redy to myssay and reproue and to manaunce.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)21.6 : Thai wagid the heued, laghand and manasand and sayand.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)652 : Tutillius..seide that Bretouns coude well manece, but at the dedes thei were but esy.
b
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Abp.& N.(Phys-E)p.88 : Sum mananced his durs to brek.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.3402 : Mars shal no more manace..for to shede blood A-twene þe folkes of þis rewmys tweyne.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Gen.27.42 : Esau, thi brothir, manaasith [WB(1): thretith] to sle thee.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)4.448 : Thei gan manace the prisoun for to breke.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)2623 : Behold hou þine handmayde vrban doth manace To-morwe to sleyn þrogh his cruel wreche.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)5508 : He was ay aboute to waste, And, mare þan he moght do, manaste harme forto do eft.
- 1451-1500 Tundale (Wagner)1227 : Þai brandist hym and manast fast To Satanas þe soule to caste.
4.
Of abstractions, objects, personifications, etc.: to threaten or endanger (sb. or sth.), pose a threat of danger or harm.
Associated quotations
- c1390 Whon Men beoþ (Vrn)158 : Wel þou wost..Þat deþ haþ manast þe to dye.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.122 : Deth manaceth euery age.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)33a/a : In hem þe humours & þe spiritis ben I-wastid to swithe, & þerfore eft deþ manasseþ [L comminatur].
- a1400(c1340) Rolle Psalter (Hat 12)5/27 : Þis shinand boke..now hyghtand ioy til rightwys menne, now manassand helle tille wicked.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)13.6 : Moche þouȝt I hadde..how þat elde manaced [vr. mansed] me.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)16.49 : Þe fende and þe flesshe forth with þe worlde Manasen byhynde me my fruit for to fecche.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.613 : Þe se..Roringe & rowȝe, & froward to manace, And passingly perlous by to passe.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)805 : Therfor I rede euery man take hede..That he war teschewe such weddyng, Er that the swerde of vengeaunce hym manace.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)3427 : Nor kyng is non..That may hym shroude ageyn þe fatal shour Of cruel deth whan hym list manace To marke a man with his mortal mace.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)4694 : And Martys swerd shal no more manace.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)93 : Na mare manes me þi flyt Þan it war a flies byt.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3373 : Daunger..is feers of his cheer, At prime temps, Love to manace.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.m.4.5 : What maner man..wole despise the see manasynge with flodes.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.2889 : How that Fortune gan eek to manace This proude duk.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)5292 : Fraunce..Thi self manaseth þi self for to dye.
- c1450(?a1422) Lydg.LOL (Dur-U Cosin V.2.16)4.335 : And or they [read: thy] swerde of vengeaunce vs manace, Lat reuthe afore thy rightful dome enbrace.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)65 : This swerd justice..manaseth, that ther be noon that mis do.
- a1456 Warwick Vir.(Add 16165)51 : Whyles þat I haue lyves space, Owt of myn hert to arrace Þe descomfort þat me manasse Depe in my thought.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)7860 : Thys swerd..Alle wrongys doth manace.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)42/24 : His conscience accusid hym..and outward by the grete wode tempest manassynge to perische hym of his lyve.
- c1500(?a1437) ?Jas.I KQ (SeldArch B.24)st.96 : Noght suich sighis as hertis doith manace, Bot suich as dooth lufaris to be glad.
5.
Associated quotations
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)6.31 : Hir face seemyng cruel & terrible, And bi disdeyn manacyng of look.
- (1471) Stonor1.118 : My nevewe..had unto þe pore man manasyng wordes.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)59/9 : Þat kyng ys to be enheighed and loued þat holdes þe semblance of þe Egle, þat ys manisand & dred omange þe foulys.