Middle English Dictionary Entry
lǒnge n.
Entry Info
| Forms | lǒnge n. Also long(en, lunge, lounge(n, lunche. Pl. lǒnges, etc. & longen(e, -in(e, -on(e, -oun, lungen, -ane, loungen & (early) lungum. |
| Etymology | OE lungen, pl. lungena. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) The human or animal lung or lungs; (b) cane of the longes [see also cane 3. (b)]; hengeles of the longes [see hengel]; pipe of the ~, the windpipe; pipes of the longe(s, the windpipe and the bronchial tubes; water of the ~, liquid expressed from an animal lung; longen adle [OE lungen-ādl], lung disease; longes wo, a disease of the lungs; (c) livere and longe(s, longe(s and livere, livere ~ and herte, the inner organs, inwards, entrails.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.MQuad.(Hrl 6258B)10/6 : Wið miltan sare, foxes lungane on hæte aesca ȝebræde.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)31/16 : Micel spatel on ceola wyxeþ and syhþ adun on þara lungane.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)49/18 : Þæt blod utwylþ..hwylum of þare lungone.
- a1325 Gloss.Bibbesw.(Cmb Gg.1.1)157 : Foy e pomoun [glossed:] livre, longen.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.183 : In manis body semeþ..ayer in þe longen [vr. lungen; Higd.(2): longes; L pulmone].
- c1390(?a1325) LChart.Chr.A (Vrn)140 : With þe spere of stel myn herte þei stongen, þorw myn herte and þorw my longen [vrr. longon, longyne].
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.471 : The lunge yifth him weie of speche.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)54a/a : The longen [L pulmo] is þe blower of þe herte; in þe longen [L pulmone] is a spirit þat..meueth, alwey drawynge ayer and puttinge out.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)133b/a : Eire I-drawe by þe longen to þe herte and by þe herte to al þe body ȝeueþ temprament þerto.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)260a/a : Þe longes beþ nedeful for breþinge.
- a1400 Alphita (SeldArch B.35)151/12 : Pulmo, i. lounge.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)4710 : Men hem þrew wiþ drytt and dunge, Wiþ foule ayren, wiþ roþeres lunge.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)9.189 : Lame men he lechede wit longen [vr. loungen] of bestes.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)3 Kings 22.34 : A maner man bente a boowe..and bi hap he smoot the kyng of Irael bytwixe the lunge and the stomak.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)53b/b : Pulmo: a loungen of a man.
- c1465(?1373) *Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)7b : Drynke him wiþ wyne i stampid; hit clensiþ rede colour and..helpiþ evill humers of þe longgs.
- c1465(?1373) *Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)24a : [Fennel]..helpiþ for the attributs and for þe longoun and the gisser.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)58a/a : Þe lunges floteren aboue þe herte forto colen him off.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)160b/a : Haly Abbas..comaundeth to lay þerto..þe longe [*Ch.(1): longez] of a schepe or of a swyne ibrente and powdred.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)317 : Lunge [vr. lunche]: Pulmo.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)144/22 : Costus..þis herbe..wele hele seknesse of þe brest and of þe lungge.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)37/26 : He tuke a grete sachell..& bande it vnto his side agayns his long.
- c1450 Trin-C.LEDict.(Trin-C O.5.4)606/7 : Pulmo: the longon.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)222/18 : Lechis..founde nother lyvir nor lungys nother bowelles that were attamed.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)43a/a : Euery beest þat haþ blood or a greet long haþ also bladdre.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)120a/b : Þe cause þat þe loungis moun not be heelid ys greet moistnesse and contynuel meuynge.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)76a : Lungys: pulmo.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)3 : He hath y-schotte him selfe in þe lungen and lyeth ded.
- a1500 Mayer Nominale (Mayer)678/12 : Hic pulmo: the lownges.
b
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B:Berberich)73.15/3 : Wið lungen-adle..ðe on ðan innoþe dereð.
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B:Berberich)121.104/7 : Wið lungum-adle, nim þa sylfan wyrt.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2752 : The pipes of his longes gan to swelle.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)54a/b : Reunatik [read: reumatik] humour comynge to þe pypis of þe longe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)54b/a : Somwhat of þe mete falliþ in to þe holouȝnes and pipe of þe longe [L in canalem pulmonis], and þanne þe beest kowheþ and somtyme I-strangled & I-choked.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)149/4 : Þe foorme of þe canne of þe lungis [L canne pulmonis] is as it were þe foorme of a cane.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)117b/a : Þe canne of þe lunges þe whiche is cleped trachea arteria.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)133a/a : And for to amende soche a lokynge aside, Iesus prayseth þe water of þe longe layde in the eyȝe.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.50 : The longis woo [vr. longes woo] comth ofte of yvel eire.
c
- a1275 Þene latemeste dai (Trin-C B.14.39)34 : Nu sal firrotien..al þat is wid-inhen þe: þi liuerre & þi longe [vr. lunge].
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)6499 : Þat deor..for-bot him þe breost, þat þe longene and þe liure folle to þan grunde.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2723 : He..Smyt hym þorouȝ armes, lunge and lyuer.
- a1425-a1500(?c1350) Libeaus (Kaluza)647 : Þe blak he smitte smert Þorȝ liver, longe and herte.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2168 : With a launce..he thirllez his sydez, That the lyuer and þe lunggez on þe launce lengez.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)171/71 : Thurwe levyr and lunge we xal hem stynge.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)35/399 : My hert ryfis, both levyr and long, To se sich stryfis.
- a1500 Bevis (Cmb Ff.2.38)40/824 : With hys swyrde þe bore he stronge Thorow þe lyuyr & þe longe.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1484 Treat.7 Lib.Arts (Trin-C R.14.52)1039/60 : We shuln vndirstonde the nature of our lettris, and firste of the v vowels the whiche han divers placis and dyvers maners of their generacioun. The placis..bien v: the lunges, the throte, the palate, the teeth, and the lippis.
Note: Additional quot., ?sense (a), or poss. ?new sense 'human lung or lungs as an organ for speech' (cf. palat(e n.)
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. lung.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc. (sense (b)), see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. water of the lung.