Middle English Dictionary Entry
letten v.
Entry Info
Forms | letten v. Also lette, let(e(n, leit, latte(n, (Cornwall) lettya, (error) lyt. Forms: sg.3 letteth, lettet, etc. & letteth, latted & let, lat, (early) læt; pl. letteth, etc. & lattes; p. lette, (early) lætte & let, lat, (error) leth & letted(e, latted; ppl. let, ilet, ilat & lette, lete, ilette, ilatte & letted(e, lettet, iletted. |
Etymology | OE lettan; sg.3 leteþ & let; p. lette; ppl. gelet. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To hinder (sb.), impede, delay, slow up; delay (sb.) in a journey; in tonge ben let, have an impediment in one's speech; (b) ~ of, to hinder or delay (sb.) in (an action or activity); ~ of accountes, hinder (sb.) in the examination of (his accounts); ~ of wei (journai, viage), delay or impede (sb.) in (his journey); (c) with inf.: to hinder or delay (sb. in doing sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1114 : On þæs ylcan tyme feorde se cyng toweard þone sæ & ofer wolde, ac wæder him lætte.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)1344 : Þa mereminnen heom to svommen on alchare sidan; swiða heo heom lætten [Otho: lette] mid luðere heora craften.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)11 : Alle þo þe leueð þat swilch þing hem muge furðrie oðer letten ben cursed of godes muðe.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)137/12 : He, ðe no mann ne mihte letten, fleih naðelas menn.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)81/8 : A þing þet let [Nero: letteð; Tit: lettes] him meast is beowiste.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)179/4 : Moni þing ham falleð to, hwer þurh ha beoð ilette [Cai: ilatte].
- c1300 SLeg.Brendan (LdMisc 108)587 : Þou wend fram him..and ne lete [Hrl: lette] us nouȝt.
- a1325 SLeg.Virg.to Devil (Corp-C 145)341 : We ne beoþ noȝt muche ilet; Vs nessel for mine abode spede bote þe bet.
- c1330 St.Greg.(Auch)137/759 : Sche bad..men schuld hir fett Hir lord..And þat noman schuld him lett.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.889 : The remenant of the tale is long ynough; I wol nat letten eek noon of this route.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)3.33 : Schal no lewednesse hem lette, þe lewedeste þat I loue, Þat he ne worþ avaunset.
- a1425 Christ.Belief (LoC 4)5/170 : He opend noght his mouthe .. wid word þham forto lett, þhoff he might þham a letted and onely wid his worde þham all haue fordone.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1775 : To Darrie ward he went blijf, Ac he was letted [LinI: y lat] by þe waye At many bataile.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)14.37,39 : The marchante mote nede be lette [vrr. I-lette, let] lengere þen þe messagere, For þe parcels of hus paper and oþer pryuey dettes Wol lette hym..the lengthe of a myle.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.4846 : For alle he passed..In whom Nature was no þing to wyte, Saue in his tonge he was let a lite.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.6170 : Þe wynde was good, þat þei wer nat let On her weye.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.917 : To letten hem homward in her weye.
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)817 : I schuld have be at home agayn; I have be let by þe wey.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)29/2 : In þat contree [Egypt] ben the gode astronomyeres, for þei fynde þere no cloudes to letten hem.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)177b/b : Þe prescens of þe escare letteþ þe surgene þat worcheþ.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)70/31 : This worþi brigge is wallid wiþ stoon, þat greet reyn schulde not lette þe wey-goers.
- (1425) Doc.in Bk.Lond.E.229/19 : Yif the seid William Addescomp be not letted nor taried in defaute of foundementz.
- (1426) Doc.in Collect.Topogr.4249 : And þe seide sir Humfrey shall haue þe seide John redy to be maryed to þe seide Anne..but if þe seide John, þe which is nowe..in þe parties of Fraunce, be letted and taryed by sekenes, emprisonement, oþer tempest of wedyr on þe see.
- (1426) Reg.Chichele in Cant.Yk.S.42 (Lamb 69)340 : On this condicion, that neither I ne non of my heires be let ne entangled with a wey or path that thei pretende to have in to my close crofte.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)5/25 : Hys enmy had envye at hys good dede & wold lett hym yf he mygth.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)473 : If any vnlawefull lede lette vs by þe waye..thy loosse es enpeyrede.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)28 : Þei letten vs anentis oure seid natural eende.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)171 : A man schal not be lettid bi presence of tho ymagis, but he schal the rather..be fortherid.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)12b : To lepynge also þey moste ben vsed, þat comyne diches ne heggis ne lette hem nouȝt in tyme of nede.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)147/2445 : Goddys seruyse, þat ledyth us to heuene hall, þis lordeyn, for to lettyn us, is lefe.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)52/17 : Þat oþer foly is þat þei charge hem wiþ ouermoche armure, þat harmeþ hem more & lettiþ in batayle aȝeyns þe fende þen forþer.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)4191 : For hem lettede neuer nomonere thynge, Snowe, forste, wynde, ny reynne.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)595/27 : 'Howbehit I was letted,' seyde sir Palomydes, 'that I myght nat holde my day.'
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)370/2 : The parte..shold pay..to the partie that is I-lette..C shillings.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.33.20a : And swilk many oþer lettende and tariende þe so, þat þou maiȝt neiþer fele sauour, ne reste, ne deuocion in þi seynge.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)174/33 : Cyrus, the kynge of Pers..was moche y-lettyd by an hugy ryuer rennynge by the Cite wallis.
- a1500 *Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)6/24 : The multitude of repreves and euil sayingis that she enforced hirself for to haue shewed owte..lette echon othir, lyke wise as a preese of people that make haste to go owte at a streight wiket.
b
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)71 : Ten þing ben, þe letten men of here scrifte.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)84/3 : Na nurð ne þrung of folc ne mahte letten him of his beoden.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)180/14 : Moni þing mei letten him of his Iurnee.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)878 : Ȝef ani sarazin wiþ eie Comeþ to lette me of mi weie, Selp me god & þis day, He sschal abugge.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)1729 : Let ous noȝt of oure vyage.
- c1390 Treat.Mass (Vrn)394 : A Prest miȝt be let of his mes.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Sh.(Manly-Rickert)B.1276 : And eek he nolde that no man sholde hym lette Of his acountes for the mene tyme.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)1007 : Þou ever ianglyst at messe..And lettyst men of here preyers.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)8054 : Man ne beste atte þai wiþ mette of þaire way atte ham miȝt lette [Trin-C: let].
- (1422) EEWills50/2 : Þat he be good frend to my executours and þat he lete hem note off ministracion.
- c1425 Castle Love(2) (Eg 927)98 : Tak kepe her that on halyday marchandyse Lettes man oft of Goddes seruise.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)114/87 : Þai..sayd here prayers vndeuoutly And let oþer men of mas hereng.
- c1450 Lond.Chron.Cleo.(Cleo C.4)119 : Ȝondere mayne þenk to lette vs of owre way.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)1015 : Hast þowe outȝ els to do but let me of my game?
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)1752 : Be cause I will not lette yow of your waye, Whanne euer ye will ye may take your viage.
c
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Rom.15.22 : I was lettid [L impediebar; Paul.Epist.: I was lett] ful moche for to come to ȝou.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)40/4 : Þat þei may al þe bettir holde alle here fyue wittis fro manklyng of þe world & here fantasye, þat al to manye haþ lettid for to do wel.
- (?1462) Paston (Gairdner)4.56 : Thei trobill and lette your seid besecher to take the profitez of the seid maners.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)211 : The erl..killid v hundred men that letted him to make the brigge ageyn.
- a1475 Form Excom.(2) (Rwl B.408)2/15 : Alle þo þat lettith..partyes þat ben wrothe..to be made at oone, ben acursed.
- a1500(c1386) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)165 : Þen lettes hit hym ful litelle to louse wyt a fynger Þat alle þe hondes under heven halde myȝt never.
2.
(a) To hinder (an action, a process); make (prayer) ineffectual; postpone (one's voyage); ~ of, hinder (prayers); (b) to oppose (an action), speak out against; contradict (an opinion); (c) to hinder (truth, friendship, the spirit of prayer, etc.); postpone (the kingdom of God); -- also with inf.
Associated quotations
a
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)123 : Þat doð ech man þenne he pater noster singeð, bute his liðere liflode his bede lette.
- a1250 Ancr.(Tit D.18)48/26 : He, as ha-li writ seis þat na noise..mihte letten of hise bones.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)76/22 : Me ne sið nawiht..þet lette þe bone.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)211/27 : Hit walde letten oðerhwile heouenliche þohtes.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4274 : He wook and tolde his felawe what he mette, And preyde hym his viage to lette [vr. lete].
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1949 : This worthi kniht..Hath undertake the viage And wol noght his knyhthode lette [rime: sette].
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.839 : Thow lettest oure disport in this manere.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)35/20 : Be war þat noon oile..ne no þing ellis þat lettiþ [vr. lattyd] consolidacioun falle bitwene þe lippis of þe wounde.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)322/9 : Þei ne schulde lette þe meuynge of þe heed.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)80a/b : Þat makeþ & augmenteþ þe vlcere & letteþ þe consolding.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)160 : And so þe seid alleggeaunce lettiþ not þe proof of þis present trouþe, but rather helpith it.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)990 : I lette Goddis seruyse, þe soþe may be sene.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)6/33 : Ȝee schul spede of ȝoure preier but if ȝoure yuel lijf it lette.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)33/38 : Here hertis aren aȝeyns me..& lettiþ þe comyng of þe rewme.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)192/1 : Prayer is lettede two maners, that no man may geten that he askez.
- (1467) in Rymer's Foedera (1709-10)11.579 : Ministration of Justice in no wyse shull be letted or delayed.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)63a/b : Be war þat noon vnctuosite ne oile ne noon oþir þing þat lettiþ consolidacioun falle bitwene þe brerdis of þe wounde.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)117b/b : If þat greet multitude of blood lette þe helþe, þanne maist þou knowe it by fulle replecioun of þe veynys of al þe body.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)227/11 : That sche schuld lette prayȝyngis to be made in the chirche with hire chaterynge.
b
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)139 : Bi þo dages luuede herodes..his broðer wif and bi-nam hire him, and Seint Iohan hit wið seide and lettede hit bi his mihte.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1164 : Sho was adrad..And durste nouth þe spusing lette.
- (1384) Appeal Usk in Bk.Lond.E.27/133 : John More ferst was ther-to assented, & afterward he letted it, so that it nas noght execut.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1573 : I seye it is a cursed man..That letteth matrymoigne sikerly.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.10.168 : By the participacioun of dyvinite, ther ne let [vr. letteþ] ne distourbeth nothyng that ther ne ben many goddis.
c
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)3.146 : She..leiþ aȝen þe lawe & lettiþ [vrr. lettes, lettyt] þe treuþe.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)177 : By oure ceessyng we letten þe seid freendschip or preier to worche.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)33/40 : Þei fordon it [the kingdom] wiþ here synful werkis & letten it for to come.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)86/5 : Þat it lette nat ne stawnche nat þe spirit of preyere.
3.
(a) To obstruct (a stream, water, light, the breath); hinder the movement of (a plow, a body); impede (a nerve, the tongue); slow (the growth of a plant); ~ of, drive (a river) from (its course); (b) to block (the view of sth.), hide (sth.); ~ from, block (sth.) from the view of (sb.), hide (sth.) from (sb.); (c) ~ wei, to bar the way to (sb. or sth.), block (someone's) path; ~ gate(s, bar the way to (sb.); also, lock the gate(s against (sb.); ~ passage, hold back (sb.) from crossing; ~ out, shut (sb.) out.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)14117 : Þe waterr erneþþ forþ Ȝiff þatt itt nohht ne letteþþ.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)18095 : Se waterrstræm Aȝȝ fleteþþ forþ..Towarrd te sæ..Ȝiff þatt itt nohht ne letteþþ.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.133 : Isidre seiþ..þat Nilus is i-dreue aȝe and i-lette of his cours wiþ þe norþern wynde.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)50a/b : Þe synewis ben I-greued and I-lette in here affecte & doynge.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)1050 : Þurȝ woȝe and won my lokyng ȝede, For sotyle cler noȝt lette no lyȝt.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ex.4.10 : Sithen thou hast spokun to thi seruaunt, Y am of more lettid [L impeditioris] and slowere tunge.
- c1465(?1373) *Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)35b : When he is of grete age, he havith prikkys as hit were forse, and þen comenly he will lett þe plowe.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)46b/a : Þei schulde be lette in her wirchinge be cause off to grete viscosite and hardnesse.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)129a/b : Be cause of inpulcioun to þe members within..a mannes breþe is ennoied oþer letted.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)390/2 : Wherefore he wil not þat þerby þeir liȝt were lette, wiþ þe which liȝt þei wynne þe liȝt of kunnyng þe betire & þe moore parfiȝtly.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)2.39 : Snaylis rather latte [vr. lette] hem for to growe.
- c1450 Capgr.Rome (Bod 423)163 : Be twix þe resurrexion and þe ascencioun..crist appered in his uery body glorificat, whech body myth entre þorw wall and bord, & no þing lette it.
- c1450 Lydg.SSecr.Ctn.(Sln 2464)1706 : Toknys foure to the shal it expresse: Tounge lettyd, mouth salt, [etc.].
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)76/2 : Venyal synne lettez the lyght of a man, and dedly synne makez hym al derke.
- (1475) Plea & Mem.R.Lond.Gildh.92 : The same water shal not be letted by us nor by oure Successours..to be conveid by the said pipes from Ludgate to Newgate.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)21b/b : Whi it [brain] is menely viscous Js for hise senewis schulden be strong menely and touȝ and þat þei schulden not be lettid in her worchinge þoruȝ his ouer myche viscosite or hardnes.
b
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5335 : It shal..take eclips, right as the moone Whanne she is from us lett Thurgh erthe.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)61a/a : Þe guttes lette þe siȝte of oþere members.
c
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2097 : Ther was no ston..Which mihte letten hem the weie.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)3.155 : She..lith aȝein þe lawe and letteth [vr. let] hym þe gate.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)31/18-9 : None es at home to let hym þe way; None letes him þe way to wende whore he will.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)554 : Þat ilk narow strete With thornes and with breres set, Þat mens way might lightli let.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)40b/a : Sqinancie is apostem of þe throte..lettyng þe aier way [*Ch.(2): lettynge þe way of þe ayre].
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)3.2314 : Foure thousand men he took To lette the weies and comyng off Xerses.
- c1440 Degrev.(Thrn)1599 : A gret enbuschment þay sett..Þay thoght Sir Degreuant to lett [vr. lette] Þe gatis [vr. wayes] so grene.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)4160 : It helpes ȝow nouȝt ȝoure ȝates to schette, Hym and hys men out ffor to lette.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)1214 : Schal no ward on ȝour wal vs þe way lette.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)2457 : He saw an angell stand The way hym for to lett.
- (1451) Capgr.St.Gilb.(Add 36704)110/32 : Sathanas wold a letted her wey.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)301/31 : And there was a grete ryver and but one passage, and there were redy two knyghtes on the farther syde to lette the passage.
4.
To be a hindrance, be obstructive.
Associated quotations
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)929 : Rimenhild ne dorste Leten [vrr. Lette, latten] in none wise.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Heb.12.15 : That no man fayle to the grace of God, that no roote of bitternesse vpward burionynge lette [L impediat], and bi it foulid be many men.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)3.152 : Heo lihþ aȝeyn þe lawe and letteþ so faste Þat Feiþ may not han his forþ.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.94 : He doth al that he mai to lette.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2436 : And al þe god he wit him ledd; to leitt [Göt: To lett him] ful strait-lic [he] for bedd.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)340/1 : Þei wolen lette þat þe fleisch mai not wexe.
- a1425(a1400) Paul.Epist.(Corp-C 32)1 Cor.16.9 : Þer ben many mennys hertys redy to heryn, and þer ben manye aduersaryes, þe whyche castyn to lette.
- a1425(?a1400) Cloud (Hrl 674)4/17 : In þe tyme of þis werk, þe minde of þe holiest creature þat euer God maad letteþ more þen it profiteþ.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)370/1 : He willed..that the parte lettyng shold pay.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)87/17 : Alle þingis which ben ȝouun to vs..schulen turne into oure goostli good..if we so wole, and not lette bi oure inpacience and oure aȝens grucching.
- c1475 Brm.Abraham (Brm)246 : I must bynd thy hands too..That thow schuldyst not let, my chyld.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)46/192 : That may not let.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)26/27 : Blisfull is he þat may putte awey euery letting distraccion and bringe himself to þe onehed of holy compunccion.
- a1550 *Norton OAlch.(BodeMus 63)2951 : Fortune your assendent with his lorde also, kepinge aspectes of shrewis them fro, and yf they muste let, or nedly infecte, cause to loke with a tryne aspecte.
5.
(a) To prevent (sb.) from doing something; restrain (sb.), stop; (b) ~ fro (from, of), to keep (sb.) from (doing sth.), stop, prevent; ~ of, thwart (sb.) in (his purpose), prevent (sb.) from telling (a tale); ~ of (on) wei, stop (sb.) in (his) journey, put a stop to (someone's) journey; (c) with inf.: to prevent (sb.) from (doing sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)16/35 : Ic wearð yfele ilet þurh ænne haliȝe munuc..Ic ne mihte na faren forð on þin ærende.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)17 : Gif þu hine iseȝe þet he wulle asottie to þes deofles hond..þet þu hine lettest and wiðstewest.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)39/413 : We beoð ȝetten bisiliche ham abuten & mare þer þen elles hwer to letten ham ȝef we mahen.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)36/3 : Ȝef ha þus ne letteð me..ich leade ham..in-to se deop dunge þet ha druncnið þerin.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)86/23 : He iþoht þa, ȝef godd nefde ilet [Tit: lettet] him, meiðhad toforleosen.
- a1250 Cristes milde moder (Nero A.14)56 : Al heo doð þet ham likeð, so þet no þing ham ne let.
- c1300 Horn (LdMisc 108)1243 : Knyf to hyre herte hye sette, And horn hire gan lette.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)526 : Ich hote þat ȝe beon þare ech-one, þat non oþur ne lette [Hrl: that nothing ȝou ne lette].
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7804 : He..robbede & destruede; him ne miȝte noþing lette.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)560 : He dede aspie bi day & niȝt, What þing hem lett miȝt.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)67/1911 : Ȝet scholdy nauȝt Honestete so ȝwene..For sclaunder me schal lette.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3306 : He was so strong that no man myghte hym lette.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)4135 : Þan þay þoȝte to-gadre han set, ne hauede Fyrumbras hymen y-let, þat hymen wente betwene.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Thes.2.18 : We wolden come to ȝou..but Sathanas lettide vs.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.51 : Antiochus..wolde have i-wonne Egipt, ne hadde he be i-lette by an oost.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.287 : He toke þe knyf and wolde have stiked hym self, but oon of his cosyns lette hym.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.38 : Ther is no myht which him may lette.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)3217 : Þere hij weren stoutely lette [LinI: ylet] -- Þe gates weren aȝein hem shett.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2142 : & þe lyst lese þy lyf, þe lette I ne kepe.
- (a1402) Trev.DCur.(Hrl 1900)76/4 : Þat lawe þat þe pope dispenseþ wiþ letteþ hym nouȝt.
- (1419) Let.Bk.in Bk.Lond.E.(Gldh LetBk I & K)101/21 : Þe same William..wold have put..oþer poudres þer-in, yef he had noght þe more warly be let by certein officers.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.613 : And þoruȝ þe wal, her fomen for to lette, At euery tourn wer grete gunnys sette.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.8076 : Þe hardy Troyans..descende To lette Grekis, þat þei nat ascende.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Gal.5.7 : Who lettide ȝou that ȝe obeyede not to treuthe?
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)1101 : We schul make þe oure kyng, And ȝif he come, the ouȝt to lette, I hope he schal be wel ymette.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)104b/b : And ȝif none of þes cases let þe, þu maie sauelie repercusse an hote enpostume.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.55/30 : I wolde..and purposid but, with dyuers bysynes I-lette, I myght nat come thidyr.
- (1428) Doc.in Sur.Soc.852 : He wald hafe sworn apon a buke..had noght Thomas Bracebrygg counseld hym nay and lettid hym.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)757 : Thow wikkede wal! Thorgh thyn envye thow us lettest al.
- a1450(c1433) Lydg.St.Edm.(Hrl 2278)408/659 : He list nat suffre that no-man sholde lette The seid tirant nor make no diffence.
- (1447-8) Shillingford83 : When the seide coroners cam to take the confessyon above seide, they were let by strenthe of one Sr John John.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)44/28 : On þat oþer halfe he sawȝ Goddis aungeles, þat hem lettyd.
- c1450(?a1400) Siege Milan (Add 31042)23 : And sythen to lumbardy he wane; Mighte to lett hym hade no man.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)10/265 : When plesaunce cometh vnto an hert lusty..To let his hert who hath ther then konnyng?
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)3315 : Þai were be slike tempest lett, Þai myght noȝt to þair mynster gett.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)2319 : Foly, I hauntid it evir; þere myȝt no man me let.
- (1461) Paston (Gairdner)3.266 : My brother is redy[n] to Yarmowth for to lette brybers that wold a robbed a ship.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)121 : He began to make a paleys, and the Romanes letted him.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)664/19 : And thus he lette her that she myght nat be maryed.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)113/150 : Good sere, lete me wepe my ffylle; Go forthe þi wey and lett me nowght.
- a1500(?c1400) Triam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)1379 : He hath hur socowre hett; Yf we may, we schall hym lett.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)53/7 : Thay folwid the dyscomfiture on euery halue tyll the nyght ham lette [Dub: leth].
- a1500 To the holy (Ashm 1378)4 : To the holy goste my goodes I bequeth..all theves for to lett.
b
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)2253 : O knes ful fayre he him sette; Mouthe noþing him þer-fro lette.
- a1325 SLeg.(Corp-C 145)43/176 : For al þat hure uader miȝte do, he ne miȝte hure þerof lette.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3788 : But of his purpos he was let [vr. lette] ful soone.
- (1384) Procl.Brembre in Bk.Lond.E.(Gldh LetBk H)32/3 : That vitaillers foreins..shulde be restrained and ylet of hire comyngge to the citee.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2116 : Why wiltow lette me Moore of my tale than another man?
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.2044 : The gates weren faste schet, And thei were of here entre let.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28247 : Ic for-soke oft to kyrk at ga And letted oþer men þere fra.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)5.303 : He lent ȝow of owre lordes good to lette ȝow fro synne.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1672 : Þe lorde hym letted of þat, to lenge hym resteyed.
- c1400 Wycl.Leaven Pharisees (Dub 244)3 : Þise newe ordinaunces..letten hem from þe better ocupacioun.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.3136 : Þat I nat ne lette Þi manly ȝouthe from swiche iupartie.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)81/16 : Þe bisynessis aboute richesse schulde not lette hem fro her studye.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)10630 : For al his fare, he scholde be met, And of his dedis he scholde be let.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.FCLife (Corp-C 296)188 : Bi þes foure þe fend lettiþ hem fro prechynge of þe gospel.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.FCLife (Corp-C 296)192 : Oure song lettiþ vs fro betre occupacion.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)119/14 : iij wokys sche was lettyd of hir jurney be þe Meyr.
- (1440) *Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)911 : There mytȝ no man fro his grete abstinens Him drawe ne lette.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)13.890 : He Sawgh kyng Eualach So faste Comenge, That he was let Of his purposinge.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)47.85 : The devel was Closed In his herte..and lette hym from Alle dedis goode.
- a1450 Parton.(1) (UC C.188)2970 : He wende to haue and Issue free, But of his purpose lette [vr. let] was he.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)28 : Þat onely a man vse his power in to ilk þing..and no forþer, and fro þat may no man lette him.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)2671 : They sawe comyng..A grete peopill..To lette hym and his felawes on the waye.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)6019 : Now is tyme to shewe that we be men, ffor yender folk will lette vs of our way.
- a1500 Trental St.Greg.(2) (Adv 19.3.1)62 : My swet son, þer schall no slowthe Lyt me þer fron [read: from].
c
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)22009 : What letteð [Otho: lette] þene fisc to uleoten to þan oðere.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)12/8 : Hwet bi nimeð us his luue & let us him to luuien.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)211/9 : Þet na þing ne lette hire to heren godes steuene.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)69/1963 : Þat oþer were so ilet To do þe flesches dette.
- (1357) Gaytr.LFCatech.(Yk-Borth R.I.11)94/532 : Anothir is a dulnesse..of hert That lettes [Wycl.: lettyþ] us for to luf our lord.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Gal.5.7 : Who lettide ȝou for to not obeische to treuthe?
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1892 : Whan a man was set on o degree, He letted [vrr. lettede, lette, letteth, lettit] noght his felawe for to see.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.5 : Schort lyf, dul witte..and ydel occupacioun letteþ [Higd.(2): lete; L impediunt] vs to knowe many þinges.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4030 : The goute lette [vrr. let, letted, letteth] hire no thyng for to daunce.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1904 : His squyers..Excused hym by cause of his siknesse, Which letted hym to doon his bisynesse.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)3946 : Ȝyf þou euer on any manere Lettydyst any man for to lere Crafte.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)17450 : Couaitis..lettes [Trin-C: letteþ] man þe soth to sai.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)15297 : Criste saide, 'pes & lete me noȝt to wesshe ȝour fete be-dene.'
- (1405) Doc.in Flasdieck Origurk.34 : Þe forsaid Baillies, Burgeys and Comuners ne shul not bene lettyd be hym..for to take here due custumez.
- (1420) Doc.in Sur.Soc.8517 : John Rumby had gart newe sette abouen the same stane walle at that hend towarde the stone house be taken away, so that yt lette noght William Selby to herber hys tymber apon the same walle.
- c1425 Bible SNT(1) (Cmb Dd.12.39)Deeds 8.36 : Who schal lette [L prohibet; WB(1): forbedith] me here to be baptised?
- c1425 PNoster R.Hermit (Dur-C A.4.22)159 : Þis fawcoun haþ lettid þee to come to me.
- c1430(c1395) Chaucer LGW Prol.(2) (Benson-Robinson)251 : Thow art my mortal fo..And lettest folk to han devocyoun To serven me.
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)99 : Ȝif ony man make a assaut ayenst the pees or yeve buffat or wounde to ony of the subballives of the foreseid toun or contrarie his arest and letteth hym to doon his offys.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)119/7 : He xulde not..lettyn hir to gon & comyn.
- (1444) Paston2.62 : He hath hadde a cyetica that hath letted hym a gret while to ride.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)245 : Tho feendis lettiden and bigileden thilk men forto labore ferther.
- a1450(?1409) Vision Staunton (Roy 17.B.43)62 : And my brother lettid vs to go togeder, ffor he said, and we didden, we shuld nothir haue ioye of other, and for þat cause we lefte hit.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)48/31 : Þat schal holde hym lowe & lette hym to clymbe into pride.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)48/1404 : For fresshe plesaunce hath made me a fortresse, That me to loue ne lett shalle his rigure.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)126/3769 : Yet for no thing thei kan do, verily, They shalle not lette me loue yow fer and nere.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.50/3 : Þat þabbot and Couent lette not þe saide tenauntes..to be contributours with þe communite of oxonforde to þe dyme.
- (1463) GRed Bk.Bristolpt.2.p.68 : That no Maister of Weueris crafte..fro henssze forthward enterupt, wearne, or lette eany of the seid crafte holders of Weuers to sette thair lombe..to hyre.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1229/34 : There myght no maner of knyght lette hym to lande.
- a1475 A dere god haue (Brog 2.1)12 : To loue yowe lelyly ȝe may not me lete!
- a1475 Form Excom.(2) (Rwl B.408)1/11 : Alle men of religion þat..ledith any man..to swere to be biried among hem..or, ȝif þei haue chose her birieng among hem, for to lette hem for to change hit, þey be acursed.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)410 : Þus it semyþ þat petre was mouyd to lette crist to die for men.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)12 : Gode lete me haue delyueraunce yef euer man, my witynge, hadde to do with me.
- a1500 *Chartier Quad.(2) (Rwl A.338)37/4 : It lettithe hem not to ley seegis.
6.
To prevent (an action), keep (sth.) from happening; put a stop to (an activity); ward off (a blow); forbid (music).
Associated quotations
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)75 : Ortrowe of godes milce letteð þe mannes shrift, þe haueð michel sineged and nele lete ne bete ne milce bidde.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)3/18 : On alle wise he fandeð hu he muȝe gode weorkes letten.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)95/11 : Þus is secnesse sawlene heale, Salue of hire wunden, Scheld þet ha ne kecche ma, as godd sið þet ha schulde ȝif secnesse hit ne lette.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)776 : God sente on him sekenesse & care And lettede al his lecher-fare.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1253 : Þou schalt deie, For alle þe men vpon mold ne mow it now lette.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ecclus.32.5 : And lette thou not [L non impedias] musik.
- (1384) Appeal Usk in Bk.Lond.E.28/169 : Thilk eleccion of Sir Nichol Brembre myght be letted.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.9 : Ydelnesse and sleuþe letteþ grete werkes þat men wolde worche.
- c1390 Ȝhit is god (Vrn)27 : Lordes mihte wondur weel Han let the rysing.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)83a/a : A crampe is a violent schrinkynge of synewis bynemynge ouþir lettynge wilful meuynge.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)27146 : Þeir ar þe pointes þat scriftes lattes [Frf: lettis] And mani saul to warlau gettes.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)20.319 : Piers þe plowman..hath powere ouer hem alle, And indulgence may do but if dette lette it.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)59a/b : It schulde not letten þe meuynge of þe superficiel parties aboue.
- a1456(1429) Lydg.Mum.Mercers (Trin-C R.3.20)60 : Fisshe was þer noon, for þe draught was lette.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)151 : Right as, betwixen adamauntes two Of evene myght, a pece of yren set Ne hath no myght to meve to ne fro -- For what that oon may hale, that other let.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)732 : And bothe in love ylyke sore they brente, That non of alle hyre frendes myght it lette.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.FCLife (Corp-C 296)192 : Þus trewe seruyce of god is lettid.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)11/9 : All þe haulle was troubbled, and the brydale letted.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)275 : Þat he entende, or at þe leest not lette, child bigeting.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)516 : Gretter synne is lettid bi the being and holding of tho religiouns than is al the synne bi hem comyng.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)11539 : Lytel letted þey nadde be slayn or hirt.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)501 : I wolde men shulde to geftes take no hede, That lettith oure thinge publique for to spede.
- ?c1450(?a1400) Wycl.Clergy HP (Lamb 551)369 : Þat þai will not suffre her couetise to be enpugnyd openly ne priuely, als ferr as þai may lett it.
- (1452) Paston2.272 : To put the seid gentilmen and yomen in feer and trobill that thei as wele as alle the contre shuld not be hardy to attempt, ne lette the purposyd malyce of the seid Cherche and his councellores.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)98/5 : Yf hit happened that..the forsaid seruyce of the forsaid preest be I-letted, they at Godestowe..shold fulfille the lak.
- c1475 *Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)38/5 : And all youre dedes shall be lettid [*CQ(2): be voydid away] and lest for euery litle occasion or particuler volunte.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)430 : Þus it were al oon to lette siche knowing of þe gospel.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)15/16 : The holy martire with a meruylouse constaunce stode..and nowther put arme, hande, ne clothe to lette the strokes of here cruelnes.
7.
(a) To stop (sth.); prevent (sth.) from striking or penetrating; prevent (harm, an abscess); stop (the voice); thwart (someone's will, purpose, desire); keep (a prophecy) from being fulfilled; (b) ~ fro, to keep (a plow) from (plowing well), keep (light) from shining on (sth.); ~ from, keep (knowledge, love) from (performing good works); (c) ~ fro, to prevent (the asking of sth.); (d) with inf.: to prevent (sth.) from (doing sth.), prevent (sth.) from (existing).
Associated quotations
a
- a1350(c1307) Death Edw.I (Hrl 2253)35 : Þou þe counsail woldest fonde to latte þe wille of kyng edward to wende to þe holy londe.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.1369 : Ther mai noman the pourpos lette.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)49a/a : It is I-seide toforehonde of þinges þat letten þe voys.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)8212 : His wille to lette haþ noon myȝt.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)1.156 : And portatyf and persant as þe poynt of a nedle, That myȝte non armure it lette ne none heiȝ walles.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.2749 : Drede..made hir sober & sad Liste hir desire troubled were or let.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)158b/a : Neuerþelatter in all þinges be þe aposteme I-letted [*Ch.(1): defended].
- a1450(c1433) Lydg.St.Edm.(Hrl 2278)403/333 : Pite nor praier myhte nat his swerd lette.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)139/1 : I wil not han my grace hyd..for þe mor besy þat þe pepil is to hyndryn it & lette it, þe mor schal I spredyn it a-brood.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)1465 : To lett this harme then ordand hee, All man kynd in þer byrth to qwell.
- c1450 Whanne marye was greet (Lamb 853)209 : To lette þe prophesie soone y went.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)66 : And þus þei are..cause of þe mannis harme þat þei schuld leit, os þei are sworne to do.
b
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (Bod 416)107/14 : An untame, insolent cow mai greue alle his felawes and lette fro goode telþe al þe hole plow.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.6249 : Thi shadwe lettith his bemys fro my tonne.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)2 : Knowing and loue ben lettid from outward good werkis worchyng.
c
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)228/18 : These thynges letten fro dwe of wedloke to be askede.
d
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)246a/b : Þe woode þat hatte lucus is thikkenesse of trees and letteþ light to come to þe ground.
- (1419) Doc.in Sur.Soc.8514 : The foresayd pryves and rutes, wedys and erthe..hafes ben casten thar..the whilk lettys the water to hafe the ryght issue.
- a1425(?c1384) Wycl.Church (Bod 788)341 : Myche more ben þei dampnable þat letten Goddis lawe to shyne.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.5.37 : Who that leteth [vr. letteþ] the wil for to enhabyten there, he forleteth, [etc.].
- c1425 Castle Love(2) (Eg 927)1137 : Non ert[h]ly body may lette hit to passe, More then the sunne-beme is lettid be the glas.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)11.135 : This mone is malue ysowe, and to be longe The wynter lettith [vr. latteth; L reprimetur] hit, or gret to thryue.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)6/39 : Fyue þingis letten preier of God to be herd.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)520 : Þe lem of þe sonneliht þou lettest to schine.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.23 : The sonne is let to lem adoun hys light.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)27b/a : And þre causis þer beþ why þe lippis ben ordeyned..The þridde þat þei letten þe metis to goon out of þe mouþ vnto þei ben sufficiently yschowid.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)75/6 : Þat al waastful and vnprofitable parties..to þe hool comounte be lettid to be.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)444 : Þenking on þes godis lettiþ þe word of god to growe.
8.
To be preventing; of a medicine: be a preventive.
Associated quotations
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.16/27 : And, at the last, lettyng the Article of deith, that he wold had fulfillid, he myght nat.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)73b/a : And laye also aboue þo and above þe bone a pece of cloth dipped also in þe same mixture, þat it myghte lette [*Ch.(1): defende; L inhibeat] þat the quyttre felle not inward.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)87a/b : It is lettinge [*Ch.(1): defendyng; L prohibitiua] of þat that þe membre draweþ to hym.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)175b/b : Euery medecyne þat refreyneth and letteþ, coldeth and makeþ grete.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)2.3 : Me merueilith..Of ȝoure large leuerey..That ȝe so goodliche ȝaf but if gile letted.
9.
(a) To withhold (property); deny (sth. to sb.), deprive (sb. of sth.); (b) ~ of (fro, from), to deprive (sb.) of (sth.), rob (sb.) of (sth.), deny (sb. sth.); (c) ~ of, to refuse (sth.), deny; (d) ~ of, ?to protect (sb.) from (sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)567 : Þat holi churche ne scholde nouȝt þe chateus with strencþe lette, Ake þe king hem scholde..ase is howene fette.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)12418 : Þe folk soght..To sett iesu to werld lar..And ioseph þam it letted noght.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28253 : And haue i thoru mi frauwardnes Letted oþer men þaire mes.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)20/598 : The plegge..y holde and euyr shalle in oon, For ther nys wight kan lette me yt, mafay, Saue only this the verry deth aloon.
b
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)93 : He seȝ Charlys sitte & ete; þan þoȝte he as a stod, If he may let him of his mete, ys herte hit wold do gode.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.273 : His siȝt lette hym of his holy þouȝtes [Higd.(2): from meditacion interialle].
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1677 : In mariage ne neuere mo shal be That yow shal lette of youre saluacioun.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1803 : He watz corsed..of lykynges on lofte letted, I trowe.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.2012 : Þe whiche tweyn..þis maide lette Fro mete and drink.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.1900 : Þou so bolde were..To lettyn me of my riche praye At þe spoilynge of kyng Patroclus.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)108 : Now let ȝe us of oure solace.
- a1425 Cursor (Glb E.9)27691 : And þus þai let gude men of gude lose.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)115/30 : Þei loken neuere vpward..for drede to see ony thing..þat scholde lette hem of here deuocioun.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.FCLife (Corp-C 296)192 : Þei..letten oþere cristene men of here deuocion..& stiren hem to worldly vanyte.
- (?c1436) Duke Burgundy (Rome 1306)90 : To let Calais of rescow and vitaille, Þou didest abolge shippes with walles of bryke.
- c1440 Degrev.(Thrn)791 : Þou lett me noght of my rest.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)130 : We lette vs silf þer from by mys vse of oure liberte.
- a1450(?1348) Rolle FLiving (Cmb Dd.5.64)94/36 : To be solitary þai haue grete comforth, þat þai be noght lettyd of þat [vr. in þaire] devocyon.
- c1450(c1386) Chaucer LGW Prol.(1) (Benson-Robinson)325 : And thow my foo..lettest folk from hire devocioun To serve me.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)4418 : Ȝe lett men of þar libertes, at þam oure lord grauntid.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)348/35 : Whan a good knyght doth so well uppon som day, hit is no good knyghtes parte to lette hym of his worshyp.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)390/10 : So whan she was lette of hir evyll wyll, she ran to the kynge her husbonde.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)34/7 : That they be not greuid, ne let by the gryef of any man, in any tyme, of these burduns of thornys to be hadde.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)7.14 : Na thynge may lett thaim of thaire luf.
- a1500 Maysters that (BodAdd A.106)82 : The fyrst day of august -- Þat lettes many fro þe lust.
c
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)5300 : I salle him aske sum rescette; þer-of I wate he wil noȝt lette.
d
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)11 : Þat swilche þing him mai letten of þat þe god him haueð munt.
10.
(a) To mistreat (sb.), injure (sb. or sth.); also, frighten or trouble (sb. or sth.) [Psalter quots.]; (b) to impair (sth.); diminish (sth.); decrease (the sensitivity of a nerve); evade or nullify (a law); overturn in whole or in part (a will or testament); (c) to kill (sb.), destroy (sth.); do away with (a grammatical concord); (d) to ameliorate (pestilence, bad air); (e) to impair the influence of (a planet); (f) ~ from, to detract from (sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- a1126 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1124 : Ure Laford God ælmihtig..seoð þat man læt þat ærme folc mid ealle unrihte: ærost man hem be ræfoð her eahte, and siþðon man hem of slæð.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)161 : Hwile lat te deuel hem on fele wise and haremeð hem.
- a1275 On hire is al (Trin-C B.14.39)47 : Let me liue and amendi, þad fendes me ne letten [vr. drecche].
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)315 : He wullen on ðif foxes fel & ge it wel feleð; ligtlike ge lepeð up & letteð hem sone, gelt hem here billing.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)6.7 : Lete es fra wreth myn egh [L Turbatus est a furore oculus meus].
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)45.2 : For-þi sal we noght drede when land let be [L dum turbabitur terra].
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)67.5 : Fra his face sal letted been [L turbabuntur].
- a1425(?a1350) Nicod.(1) (Glb E.9)192 : Vnto þi lord þou tell he lett noght ihesus life.
- (1434) Misyn ML (Corp-O 236)124/32 : Non angwysche lettand, in god euer he Ioys.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)3785 : It stank so foule, þat it haþ I-lette Tho men, þat wery þei were of hir pray.
- a1500(c1380) Wycl.Papa (Ryl Eng 86)472 : Crist wolde wel þat his prestis hadden þe vse of worldly godis as myche as wolde do hem good, but not to myche to lette þer soule.
b
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)177 : Kinges..wurreð uppe chirches oðer wanieð hire rihtes oðer letteð.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.204 : Ȝif any lette [vrr. lesse, do aweye] þe wordes of þis book & of þis prophecie, god shal bynyme hem þe part of þe book of lijf & of þe holy Cite.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.308 : Wherof the feith is ofte let, Which is betaken hem to kepe.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)11980 : Þou hast my dedes let.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)29/12 : Þe felowschipe of þe ligament þat is incensible lettiþ [vr. lutliþ; L minuit] þe felynge of þe senewe.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.87 : Þus ȝour fader ȝow sette..His dede ne wille we lette.
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (LdMisc 210)11/9 : For Gods Sone seiþ: 'My delices were to be with mennes sones.' Sorowe to alle þat þese delices letteþ.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1460 : For in þis þing þer is a lawe set Be enchauntement, þat may nat be let Nor remedied, for fauour nor for mede.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)87/2 : Þai schuld see na thing þat schuld lette þaire deuocioun.
- c1425 PNoster R.Hermit (Sid 74)157 : Hyt letted þe gode loue þat was bytwene þe & me.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)325 : Lustis of þe peple whiche deuociouns and new findingis wolde lette and apeire þe more cleer, þe more pure and more sure leernyng and keping of þi law.
- (1444) Will York in Sur.Soc.30112 : Item, iij pair of good shetis..and ij of my best hors and Goddis blessing and myn, wt a condicion yat he lette not my last wille.
- (1446) Will York in Sur.Soc.30124 : None of thame schall make relesse..be ye whilk relesse..my will mowe be letted or hurt.
- a1450(1413) Glade in god call (Dgb 102)60 : A man myȝte be forborn..Wolde make a kyng to be forsworn, To lette þe lawe.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)23/21 : My trauayle were wele sette, Myght y hym so betraye, His likyng for to lette.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)170/40 : A barn is born..Wolde..lett my lordly lay.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)13b/b : For þe senewe bi him silf ne myȝte not suffre þe grete trauaile & meuynge, but þat þe felowschipe of þe ligament þat is vnsensible lettiþ his grete felynge & bringiþ him to profitable temperaunce.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)80/30 : But of wyn þat ys takyn abundanly..þes euelys folwyn..it lettys þe vnderstondynge.
- a1500 *Chartier Treat.Hope (Sion Arc. L.40.2/E.43)31/6 : Feith..list to serch oute the causes whi mannys vndrestondyng was lette.
c
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)768 : 'Aris,' quaþ roulond, '& tak þe bet; At this time þou art i-let.'
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)1570 : Wiþ carnifees he mette & wende Carnifees to lette.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.2240 : He him thurgh the bodi smette, And thus the false wiht he lette.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4487 : They han my joye fully let [MS lette] Sith Bialacoil they have bishet.
- c1450 Battlefield Gram.(Trin-C O.5.4)99 : The secunde acorde is by twene the adiectyf and the substantyf..In how many maners may they be lette? By foure: by particion, as my brother is on of creatours, ffrater meus est vna creaturarum, [etc.].
d
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)10.77 : Þat preyeres haue no power þe pestilence to lette.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)16.220 : Hus bulle myghte Letten þis luþer eir and lechin þe syke.
e
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.717 : And if ich hadde, O Venus..Aspectes badde of Mars or of Saturne, Or thow combust or let were in my birthe.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)178a/b : Also in excellente hote tyme ȝif þat þe mone be letted in enye maner, it is to eschewe to mynyster enye stronge corrosiues.
f
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)394 : It schal not lette from þe vss of eny oþer moral werk.
11.
(a) To refrain, forbear [sometimes hard to distinguish from leten v., sense 12.]; (b) with inf.: to refrain or forbear from (doing sth.); also, fail or neglect (to do sth.); (c) to delay, wait, hesitate; ~ of, delay in (sth.); (d) with inf.: delay in (doing sth.); hesitate (to do sth.); (e) to stop, pause [cp. leten v., sense 11.]; with inf.: cease (to do sth.); (f) to linger, stay; ~ from, remain away from (sb.); (g) to last, linger on, continue.
Associated quotations
a
- c1390 Ilke a wys (Vrn)46 : He lettes nouþer for skaþe ne skorn.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2591 : The cause final was for to sle thy doghter; it letted [vrr. lettede, latted, latt] nat in as muche as in hem was.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.2213 : What man that is of traiterie, Of moerdre or elles robberie Atteint, the jugge schal noght lette, Bot he schal slen of pure dette.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)4377 : He ne lette for no fals oth..Þat he ne made ofte dysheresun.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)13913 : And ȝe circumsise on hali dai, And noght ne lett ȝe [Trin-C: ȝe letten] for þe lai.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)2995 : 'Þarfore,' he said, 'I sal nght [read: noght] lett.'
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)2248 : That he byhoteþ, he wol holde, He nyl noȝt lette for hote ne colde.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1832 : Forth to gon myght I sette, And for the archer nolde I lette.
- c1440 Degrev.(Thrn)1612 : To speke with Mildor..He lettis for na drede.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)45/1 : For peyne ne sorew wolde I noȝt lette.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)934 : He laid on þat loodly -- lettyd he noght -- With dynttes full dregh.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)1516 : For no thing woll I let That I nyl do thy plesaunce.
- c1475 Brm.Abraham (Brm)313 : I wyll no lenger let for the.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)201 : 'Lady,' he sayd, 'thou moste lette..In Another stede myne hert is sette.'
- c1450(c1400) Emare (Clg A.2)618 : Ȝyf any-þyng be amys, Telle me what þat hyt ys, And lette not for me.
- a1500(?c1400) Triam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)1302 : And in to hungary wende wyll hee; For no man wyll he lett.
- a1500 *Chartier Quad.(2) (Rwl A.338)149/13 : Hough many may we fynde that..come whenne þem liste and go whanne them liste and lette for no displesaunce?
b
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.97 : Þeiȝ þe fende be oo tyme ouercomen, he ne letteþ nouȝth to assailen anoþer tyme.
- c1390 Cato(1) (Vrn)24 : Hem to teche as hit was best, He letted for non eiȝe.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4279 : No dreem..may so myn herte agaste That I wol lette for to do my thynges.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)3476 : Also þat clerk ys moche to blame Þat letteþ to shaue hys krowne for shame.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)14532 : Ȝet walde þai lette for nane agh ihesus for til seche & dragh.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.80 : Chefe justise he satte..For lefe no loth to lette þe right lawe to guye.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.6821 : O deth, welcome! & no lenger lette Þi dredful dart to filen and to whette.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)131 : Þat þou let noght for his sawes At tel to me and þi felawes Al þi tale.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)1515 : 'Dame,' he sayd, 'I sal noght let To hald þe day þat þou has set.'
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)25231 : He wald noȝ lette Þe diademe on hiede to sette.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)418/21 : Þou, wisdom, lettist not for to speke to me þat am a fool.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)129b/a : But þerfore lette not þen þou do þi deuoire.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)439 : Ne nevere for no wo ne shal I lette To serven hire.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)160/2803 : Lette I wyl, for no mede, to smyte sadde & sore.
- c1450(c1385) Chaucer Mars (Benson-Robinson)186 : Ne truly, for my deth, I shal not lette To ben her truest servaunt.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2174 : Hit is lure of our lyues and we let sholde ffor to wreke vs of wrathe.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)prol.7 : Her love, her plesavns so sore is on the sette, To sewe the, lord, and folwe thei can not lette.
- c1455 Spec.Miser.(Tak 32)248 : I wolde nowght lette to booste & lye In veyn glorie and in ypocresye.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)2.86 : But ho-so had kunnynge..And lette for no lordsche[p] þe lawe to susteyne..He shuld haue a signe.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Pseudo-F.(Dub 245)313 : Crist lettede not for loue of petre to reproue hym.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)189/89 : Yit shuld thou lett her for to speke in large.
- a1500 Our shyp (Dub 516)31 : For ragged rokkes he woll not lette To sterre in ebbe and eke in tyde.
c
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)2.32 : I may no lengore lette [vrr. letyn; lende, dwelle]; vr lord Ich þe bi-kenne.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Sh.(Manly-Rickert)B.1440 : And with that word his countour dore he shette, And doun he goth -- no lenger wolde he lette.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4224 : And forth he gooth -- no lenger wolde he lette -- Vnto the westgate of the toun.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.795 : Sche seith, that if he lengere lette Of such a day as sche him sette, Sche scholde sterven.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1481 : How that a Maiden wolde lette, That sche hir time ne besette To haste unto that ilke feste.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.154 : An housbonde wol I haue -- I wol nat [vr. no lenger] lette.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.389 : This markys hath..to his paleys, er he lenger lette..Conveyed hire.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)2821 : Whenne þei seȝe loth be lettonde, þei him toke bi þe honde.
- a1400 Þo oure lord god (Mrg M 957)p.320 : Sche nolde lette for noþyng, raþe ne late.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)2.204 : Lette [A: lenge] may ich no lengere To lere þe wat loue ys.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.2477 : He ne list no lenger for to lette..al attonys vp-on hem he sette.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)154/2 : Þu lettyst & þu comyst not.
- c1440(a1400) Eglam.(Thrn)1052 : Þarfore schalle we nott lett, by þe rode! Do buske vs thedir swythe.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)468 : Ga to in goddes name, and noȝt lett.
- a1500(?c1400) EToulouse (Cmb Ff.2.38)238 : They lettyd noþyr for wynde nor wedur, But forthe þey wente bothe togedur.
- a1500(?c1400) Triam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)653 : A day of iustyng was ther sett; Halfe a yere; no lenger they lett.
d
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1186 : Lettes nouȝt for ȝour liues ȝour lord forto socoure.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)10.159 : I..com to Noe Anon And bad him not lette Swiþe to schapen A schup.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)4918 : It was nyght; þarfore he lett to fyght, bot bade day lyght.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)36/8 : He shold lette not to yelde ther rente.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)58/13 : And letteþ noȝt for youre synnes to make satisfaccion to God with penaunce and fastynge.
e
- a1400 Prov.Wisd.(Bod 9)50 : In þi most lust is good to lette.
- a1450(a1400) Athelston (Cai 175/96)227 : I wil nouȝt lette tyl i þere be Tomorwen, or it be noone.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)9664 : On the helme sore he him s[m]et, That the swerd wold not let; The helme it clefe on the right side.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)17/83 : Hym for to loue we schal not lette.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)2070 : And nat so sone departed nas Tho fro him, that he ne mette With the thridde; and or he lette Any stounde, he told him als.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)353/21 : He wolde nowder lett for crossyng nor strykyng with swerd.
- (1472) Paston (Gairdner)5.133 : I chargyd the tenaunts that they shold proced no ferther..and they lettyd for a seasen.
- a1500 12 PTrib.(2) (Rwl C.894)400 : So many messengers god hath sent to the, þat þou schuld haste to hym & not lett be the weye.
f
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)2167 : And in that yle half a day he lette, And seyde that on the lond he moste hym reste.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)653 : In Alemayne þe palmeres þre Letten, or þey myȝten goo.
- ?a1450(?1350-75) Origo Mundi in Norris Anc.Corn.Drama (Bod 791)470 : Caym, ny lettys saw vn lam ov kafus banneth ov mam.
- ?a1450(?1350-75) Origo Mundi in Norris Anc.Corn.Drama (Bod 791)722 : Ny vynnaf lettya pella.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)77 : But anoon with me he shal lette, and to questiouns he shal answere.
- a1500 Play Sacr.(Dub 652)159 : Lon[g] from hym haue I not lett.
g
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)17457 : Þouȝe hit lette [Vsp: haf lasted] neuer so longe, Alwey to wreche he doþ þe wronge.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1500 Hatton Informacio (Hat 58)p.111,l.42 : For when I haue a nown relatyff folowynge ij antecedentis of diuerse gender hauyng both reward to oone thynge, þe relatyff shall acorde wt þe latter and not wt þe fyrst antecedent, for to my nyxte substantyue schall myne adiectiue be bere and to myne nyxte antecedent schall my relatyff be referred, but yf the sentens lette hyt as in thys Latyn: Canis tuus occidit ouem meam, quem ego interficiam.
Note: Additional quote(s)