Middle English Dictionary Entry
artērie n.
Entry Info
| Forms | artērie n. Also (pl.) arters. |
| Etymology | L artēria, from Gr. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A blood vessel of the arterial system. [According to Galen, whose views were generally accepted in the Middle Ages, the blood circulated in two separate systems, the venous and the arterial. The latter included the left ventricle of the heart (the seat of the 'vital spirit'), the arteries, the pulmonary vein, and the respiratory system. See Charles Singer, The Evolution of Anatomy, 58-60.] (b) arterie veine, artery; ~ aborchi (abhorti), the aorta; ~ venal, the pulmonary vein.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)33b/b : Some kynde liche blood is in þe arteries, & somme in þe veynus. Þe blood þat is in þe arteries is more hot, more sotile, more red, more clere, & more swete..but..more scharp in sauour þan þat oþir blood. It is more hote for it is n[i]ȝe þe herte & spiritis more sotile.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)37a/b : Þe arteries takeþ þe spirit of þe herte & beriþ forþ to make þe puls.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)64b/a : Veynes bringiþ out of þe lyuour..artaries..out of þe herte, & þe synowys out of þe brayne..þe artaries..fongiþ spiritis & kepiþ & saueþ hem.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)64b/b : Þis arterie comeþ vp from þe herte and is departid in tweyne & þe on partye comeþ vpward and bringiþ blood þat is I pured to þe spirit of lif & to þe brayne.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)25/10-26/12 : Arteries ben hoote nouȝt of her owne kynde, but for þe hoot blood & lijf þat goiþ in hem from þe herte..þere bigynnen two arteries; oon goiþ to þe lunge..and sprat in þe same lunge, & þere endiþ, & bringiþ blood to þe lunge..& spirit of lijf; and þat he myȝte brynge from þe lunge eir to þe herte for to entempre þe fumosite of hete of þe herte..þis arterie is y-clepid venales; & it is a maner veyne, for as myche as he ne haþ but oon coote..þat þe blood þat norischiþ þe lungis myȝte liȝtly swete out of þis arterie. Þe toþer arterie þat comeþ out of þe liftside of þe herte haþ two cootis, bi cause þat oon myȝt not aȝenstonde þe strenkþe of þe spiritis..Þer ben þre helpingis of þe arteries: oon is þat cold eir myȝte bi hem be drawe & I-brouȝt to þe herte whanne þe arterie is drawe abrod; þe secunde is, þat þe fumosite myȝte be cast out whanne he is constreyned; þe þridde is, þat þe spirit of lijf myȝte be brouȝt bi hem to al þe bodi. Þese arteries ben deuydid many weies, whos dyuysiouns man mai nouȝt conseyue bi his witt.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)162/20 : Arterijs makiþ alle a mannis lymes to haue lijf & spiritis.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)9b/b : Al veynez & arteriez after þe entension of G[alen]..bene different as to þair bigynnyngz, For veynez springeþ of þe lyuer and arteriez of þe hert. And in som place þe veyne is seperate fro þe arterie, as in opne shewyng of þe armez And in rethi mirabili. Neþerlez none arterie is founden with out a veyne..What is a veyne, forsoþ, bot a place of blode nutrimentale? What, forsoþ, an arterie bot a place of blode spirituale?
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)11a/b : Under þe pannicle is sette rethe mirabile, contexed wyþ arteriez alone comyng fro þe hert, in which bi elaboracioun of þe spirit uitale is made þe animale.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)15a/a : In þe middes [of þe hert] a pitte, as seiþ G[alen] in þe which þe grosse nutrimentale blode comyng fro þe lyuer is digest & made subtile & spirituale, which is sent bi þe arteriez to alle þe body.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)43a/a : This maner of passion [aneurisma]..beteþ as an arterie.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)116a/b : Fatte men..haue streyte arteriez & veynez, and þerfor þai haue al maner waiez litel blode and spirite.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)154b/b : Albucasis partieþ in 3 þe maner of kuttyng or inscisioun..comon veynez by lengthe, Perticuler veynez by transuerse..Arteriez bi ligature & cauterie.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)13b/a : Of pia mater norisshynge is ȝit in þe brayne, and veynes and arteries comeþ to ham wiþ ynneforthe by the holes of þe ynner bones.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)21b/a : Þe berers ben veynes and an arterie, þe whiche ben sayde to springe of þe veynes kyli & aborchi.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.Mutability MN (Hrl 2255)19 : Hayr in his arters..Fir in his herte..Complexionat of sondryfold colours..How shuld man than be stedfast of lyvyng?
b
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)162/17 : Of þe lift ventricle þere wexiþ out ij..oon..hath a maner coote, & þerfore of summen it is clepid arteria venalis. & þis arterie beriþ sutil blood to þe lungis & norischiþ þe lungis.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)300/33 : Basilica..sittiþ ful nyȝ þe gret arterie & þerfore a man mote be wel war þat he touche not þe arterie veyne.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)15a/a : Fro þe lefte hole goþ out a veyne pulsatile i. betyng, Of þe which one parte goþ to þe pulmon, which is seid arterie venal, bering þe caprinose vapoures to þe pulmon And bringyng yn aier to the selfe herte to be refresshed.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)15a/b : Bihynde þe pulmon..passeþ þe arterie aborchi [*Ch.(2): veyne abhorti] ascendyng fro þe hert, And al þise with trachea makeþ a stok replete vn to þe gulet.
2.
The windpipe; ?also, the pharynx; trache arterie.
Associated quotations
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)48a/a : Þe Instrumentis of þe voys ben meny..þe longen, strengis, þe þrote & arteries, þe mouþ [etc.].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)239b/b : Fruyt of palme is good in medicyn and smetheþ þe rowenesse of arteries and clereþ þe voice.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)12b/b : Farynge, or trachee arterie þat is þe same.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)52a/a : Wondez of trachee arterie [*Ch.(2): trache i. þe propul].
- a1450(c1400-25) Legat Serm.PD (Wor F.10)16/220 : Cherubin, seraphin & trones..sin þei be nauth componid ex materia & forma..hit is gret wundur how þei synge..with-oute ani pype or arteri material.
- c1450(?c1425) St.Mary Oign.(Dc 114)178/42 : Oure lordes aungel..didde aweye alle hosenesse fro hir þrote..and so hir artery-veynes repareld and voys renewed.
- a1500 Discip.Cler.(Wor F.172)54 : Speke thow nat while thow holdist anythyng in thi mowth, neither any thyng entre in to the throte in thyn inward arterie that myght be cause of thi deth.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. arter.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. artery.