Middle English Dictionary Entry
ispēken v.
Entry Info
Forms | ispēken v. Also (early) ȝespeken, ispæcken. Forms: p. (early) ispac; pl. (early) ispēken, ispecken, ?ispẹ̄ken; ppl. ispōke(n & (chiefly early) ispēke, (early) ispēken, ispæken, ȝespēken, gespecan. |
Etymology | LOE gespecan, p. gespæc, ppl. gespecen, vars. of OE gesprecan p. gespræc, pl. gesprǣcon, -sprēcon, ppl. gesprecen. The p.ppl. ispōke(n (by analogy with bōren, brōken, etc.) begins to replace ispēke(n early in the 14th century, displacing the older ppl. completely in the 15th century. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. speken v.
1a.
To make or deliver a speech, speak, ~ of, speak about (sb. or sth.).
Associated quotations
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.Nicod.(Vsp D.14)85/33 : Þa Dauid þuss gespecan hæfde, þa þær to becom se wulderfulle King on mannes gelicnysse.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3136 : Feor haueden liðende men ispeken [Otho: ispeke] of þan mæidene.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)18894 : Þus heo þa ispecken.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1292 : Þe hule swo ispeke hadde, An hire speche swo iladde.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (Hrl 2277)p.46 : Whan princes habbe..aȝe me ispeke..myn help thu beo!
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)887 : We habbez i-speke faste of þusse þinge.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)1196 : Ich habbe..al open and aperteliche Y-speke in þe temple and ytauȝt.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)6327 : Me adde þoru al cristendom yspeke [vr. yspoke] of hom tueye.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)69/3 : Raþre uor þet hi habbeþ yspeke, hi doþ þe more bleþelaker þe contrarye.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.123 : He hadde proudeliche i-spoke.
- c1400 Bible SNT(1) (Selw 108 L.1)2 Pet.1.21 : Holy men han y-spoke as þe Holy Spiryt of God hath enspyred hem.
- a1425 KAlex.(LinI 150)3078 : Þow hast wel y spoke, Dalmadas.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)15.619 : And whanne he to me hadde longe I-spoke..Thanne schewed he me þe knoweng of þe trenite.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)26 : Whan nature hadde thus y spoke, Grace..answerde hire in this manere.
1b.
(a) To carry on a conversation, converse; (b) to express (oneself) in conversation.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)13643 : Ich habbe..ispæken hin [?read: him] wið & iluued hine swa mi lif.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)30832 : Þa heo to-gadere hafden ispeken, sone heo gunen to-delen.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)4752 : Leteþ hom vinde mete ynou..Vor te ich abbe wiþ hom yspeke [vr. yspoke] & wite wat hii wolleþ do.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.1108 : I have with hire yspoke, and longe ybe, So as acorded was bitwixe us tweye.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)2335 : Whanne Blayse with Merlyn thus hadde j-spoken, Thanne was his herte jn joye be-loken.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)19504 : Þus him ispac [Otho: Þus spac] Octa wið his iuere Ebissa.
1c.
To say (sth.) in spoken words, utter (a word, speech, etc.), express (righteousness).
Associated quotations
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)11/23 : Ic habbe beswiken min emcristen mid faire wordes ðe ic to him habbe ȝespeken.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)25193 : Þat ilke þat Howel haf ispeken [Otho: ispeke], ne scal hit na man awreken.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)26868 : Þis wes al þus ispeken.
- a1200 PMor.(Trin-C B.14.52)9 : Fele idel word ich habbe ispeken seðen ich speken cuðe.
- a1250 Orison Lord (Lamb 487)189 : Þe ilke fif wallen..wasche mine fif wittes..of all þet ich abbe..mid muþ ispekin.
- c1300 SLeg.Brendan (LdMisc 108)327 : Þare nas neuere a-mong us alle yspeke..Are þis tyme non oþur word bote ore louerdes seruise.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)113/413 : Þyse manere sennes seuene..al dedlyche hy beþ, Wanny hy y-þouȝt beþ, oþer y-speke, Oþer y-don in stat.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)1062 : Wenestou such foreward breke Þat was In Godes court I-speke?
- c1390 Psalt.Mariae(1) (Vrn)450 : Heil þou þat rihtwysnesse Hast i-spoken al-way.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.4892 : He hadde..Ful many worde ageyn þe kyng y-spoke.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)3399 : Þe wordes..That we thoghte haue I-spoken in good fay.
- a1450(a1425) Mirk IPP (Cld A.2:Peacock)659 : Þe nome þat ys þenne I-spoke Moste stonde ferme.
- c1450 Chaucer HF (Frf 16)766 : Euery spech that ys yspoken..In his substaunce ys but aire.
- c1450 Page SRouen (Glb E.8)416/7 : Sone in the toun it was yspoke that the trewis was tho broke.
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.Say Best (LdMisc 598)68 : A word, when hit is onys i-spooke, May not be callid ayen of new.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)212/18 : The wordes yspokyn ben as a body, but the wrytynge ys as couertoure of the worde.
2.
(a) To come to a spoken agreement, agree; (b) to agree upon (a stratagem, policy, etc.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3263 : Þus heo þa ispeken & eft hit to-breken.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3400 : Al heo ispedden ase heo ispeken hafden.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)17548 : Ȝif þu woldest to-ȝere beon þider min iuare, swa wit sculden ispæcken.
b
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)11549 : Þer was a gile yspeke [vr. yspoke], as þoru god aspie.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2972 : Ther was a parlement At Atthenes vpon a certeyn point and caas; Among the whiche pointes yspoken was To haue with certeyn contrees alliaunce And haue fully of Thebans obeisaunce.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)163 : Þere was no couenaunt made of sheding of blode; þere of was nothing I-spoke.
3.
(a) To make a declaration in written words; ~ umbe, ~ of, write about (sb. or sth.); (b) to mention or declare (sth.) in writing; (c) wel ispoken, of a book: well-expressed.
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)51 : Nu ȝe habbeð iherð of þis putte þe bitacninge þe ic habbe embe ispeken.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)69/22 : All ðis ȝe mihten hauen, ȝif ȝe godd luueden mare ðanne al ðis ðe we embe hauen ispeken.
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)38/362 : Al þis þet tu hauest ispeken of.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)59/6 : Nv ich habbe ispeken of ower fowr wittes.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)9245 : Þe bissop of salesbury deide sone þo, Of wan we abbeþ er ispeke.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)10700 : Þe gode olde lawes, of wan we abbeþ ispeke, He confermede vaste þo.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)44/5 : To þise zenne belongeþ þe zenne of ualse domesmen..of huam we habbeþ aboue y-speke.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)5.339 : Þey Gaufridus had nevere ispoke of Arthur, meny noble naciouns spekeþ of Arthur.
b
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)20/36 : Þis in [read: is] nu ðe uorme dole þet ich habbe ispeken hiderto of ower seruise.
- ?c1335 Þe grace of godde (Hrl 913)147 : Þench þos wordis her ispoke, Forȝite ham noȝt, ac þench apan.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.245 : Ȝif Hester hadde i-bee in his tyme, he wolde somwhat haue i-spoke of here.
- ?a1425 Const.Masonry(1) (Roy 17.A.1)481 : To mende the fautes that buth ther y-spoke.
- a1450 WBible(2) Prol.Ecclus (Cmb Dd.1.27)123 : Not oonli thei, but also the self lawe and the prophetis, and othre thingis of bokis, haueth not a litil difference whanne thei ben ispoken bitwixe hemself.
c
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)9/20 : What book he red, wer it neuyr so wys ne so wel i-spoke, wer it neuyr so trew, he was not fully plesed with it but if Cristis name wer þere.