Middle English Dictionary Entry
hǒnī n.
Entry Info
Forms | hǒnī n. Also honie, huni(e, hunni, uni, hwni, hunige, huniȝ(e & hǒnẹ̄. |
Etymology | OE hunig |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Honey; milk and ~; -- said of the richness or abundance of a land or country; (b) ~ of the feld, wild honey; ~ of roses, a preparation of honey and roses; comb of ~, a honeycomb; whit ~, ?honey made by bees before swarming; wilde ~, honey made by wild bees; (c) nectar of flowers; (d) a honey-like preparation used medicinally; (e) fig. that which is agreeable, gratifying, or spiritually beneficial; (f) in proverbs and sayings; (g) as a term of endearment; ~ dere (swete).
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B:Berberich)112.86/4 : Wid innoþes sor, nim þisses wyrte seawes anne scenc, & hunies tweȝen.
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.MQuad.(Hrl 6258B)4/26 : Seoðe þanne his sceallan on hyrnende wille-wætera & on huniȝe.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)11/5 : Meng piper þarto and sum dal huniȝes.
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)506 : He lette senden in cartes..Cloþes of skarlet & of sabelin, Of honi & of corn.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2788 : Nu am ic ligt to fren hem ðeden [read: ðeðen], And milche and hunige lond hem queðen.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3340 : To dust he it grunden and maden bread, ðat huni and olies ðef he bead.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)1013 : Hony & milc þer is muche, Muche folc & bold, Þis is þe stat of yrlonde.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)118.103 : Ful swete ben þi wordes to mi cheke, more þan hi mi [read: huni] to my mouþe.
- c1390 Psalt.Mariae(1) (Vrn)647 : Heil whos sone..of þe ston hony flowyng ffulled vs at mete.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)182b/b : Iewes trowed þat þis londe [Judea] was y-hote to here forme fadres and þat it wellid melk and hony.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)316b/b : Alle hony is swete, but in Sardinia hony is bitter for þer Inne is ful moche wermode.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)317a/a : Hony..prikkeþ..þe guttes and moeueþ hem to putten out drastes and drytte.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5793 : I sal þam bring..In-till a land..rinnand bath honi and milk.
- a1400 Monk Sees Virg.(Eg 2810)20 : His lufe wase swettur þen hony of byke.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.m.7.5 : Aftir that the be hath sched his agreable honyes, he fleeth awey.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)188a/a : Hony is knowen hote and drye in þe secounde degree in clensynge.
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)185 : These ben the custumys longyng to the ferme of the kyng of the toun of Gippeswych to takyn..Of every tunne or pipe of hony or of oyle, or of such maner merchaundyse, ij d.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)83/37 : Ȝe [Greeks] offere..To Cereris floure, To Mercury hony.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)35 : Take..a lytil claryfyid hony.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)398 : They bere the golde oute of thys londe..As the waffore saukethe honye fro the bee.
- c1450 Burg.Practica (Rwl D.251)207/4 : Put the powder off cummyng þer-to with pured hony.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)117/2 : Ysaie..makiþ mensioun how þat crist schulde ete buttir and hony.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)247/19 : The body makyth fat, moiste, and wel disposyd..hote drynke makyd wyth Hoony.
- a1500 Platearius CInstans (Cmb Ee.1.13)3/12 : For þe colory in the stomake, take a greyn of aloe wyth hunny.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)9225 : Hiss mete was gresshoppe, & itt wass huniȝ off þe feld, Giff þatt he mihhte itt findenn.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)127 : Weste was his wunienge..wilde hunie and languste his mete.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 24.42 : Thei offriden to him a part of a fysch roostid and a coomb of hony [WB(2): an hony combe].
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)137/1 : Þe medicyn þat is maad of hony of rosis [L melle rosarum] & oile of rosis.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)29 : Do þer-to hwyte Hony or Sugre.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)128a/a : Putte j li. of good white hony wel and fynely clarified.
c
- c1450(a1449) Lydg.SSecr.(Sln 2464)1366 : Been at mydsoomyr bryng hoony to ther hyvys.
- a1500 When nettuls (BodPoet e.1)p.269 : When..kyskys gyfe of hony superfluens, Than put women in trust and confydens.
d
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)85a/b : If þe vlcer be colde..þai wasshe it with wyne and hony of decoccioun [L melle decoctionis] of absynthij, marrubij, [etc.].
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)93a/a : Wasshe ham [the ulcers] wiþ wyne & wiþ hony of þe sethinge of camomylle, of honysokel, of watercressen.
e
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)60/11 : Þe blonderes byeþ þe dyeules noriches..Hy smerieþ þane way of helle mid hony.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3537 : Fortune hath in hire hony galle.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2605 : Vnder the hony of the goodes of the body is hyd the venym that sleeth the soule.
- a1400(c1340) Rolle Psalter (Hat 12)5/17 : Þis shinand boke es a chosen sange bifor God, als laumpe lyghtenand oure lyf..huny til a bitter saule.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.516 : Iason..nouȝt aduerteth þe menyng fraudelent..Nor how to galle with hony he was lured.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.51 : To somme sugre and hony sche [Fortune] distilleth; And of somme sche þe botel filleth With bitter galle, myrre, and aloes.
- c1440(a1349) Rolle Bee (Thrn)55/22 : Swa sulde we do agaynes devells þat afforces tham to reve fra us þe hony of poure lyfe and of grace.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)p.515 : Huny of the stane is the lare of ihu crist.
f
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)8/95 : Ha lickið honi [Tit: huni] of þornes; he buggeð al þet swete wið twa dale of bittre.
- a1250 Orison Lord (Nero A.14)200 : Nis no blisse soðes iþinge ðet is wtewið ðet ne beo to bitter abowt ðet tet uni [vr. huni] ðer-inne ne beo ilicked of þornes.
- a1300 Worldes blis ne last (Rwl G.18)35 : Þu likest huni of þorn iwis, Þat seest þi loue on worldes blis, for ful of bitternis hit is.
- ?a1300(c1250) Prov.Hend.(Dgb 86)st.22 : Al to dere is bouht honi [vr. honni], þat mon shal liken of þornes.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2606 : If thow hast founden hony, ete of it that suffiseth, for if thow ete of it out of mesure thow shalt spewe.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.928 : I licke hony on the thorn, And as who seith, upon the bridel I chiewe so that al is ydel As in effect the fode I have.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)15.56 : Þe man þat moche hony eteth his mawe it engleymeth.
- c1450 Dc.Prov.(Dc 52)p.50 : Hit is harde to lykke hony fro the thorne.
- c1450 Dc.Prov.(Dc 52)p.51 : Dere is þe hony bouȝt, Þat on thornes is souȝt.
g
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1655 : Mi hony, mi hert, al hol þou me makest.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3617 : Hym thynketh verrailiche that he may se Noes flood come walwyng as the see To drenchen Alison, his hony deere.
- c1440 Ihesu cryste saynte (Thrn)69 : Ihesu, Ihesu, my hony swete, My herte, my comforthynge.
2.
In cpds. and combs.: (a) ~ be, a honeybee; ~ bike, a honeycomb; ~ brid, honey-bird, a bee; -- as an epithet for Christ; ~ comb, q.v.; ~ douce, a dish made of almond milk and rice; ~ drope, a drop of honey; ~ onfake, a confection made of juice of unripe grapes and honey; ~ pot (vessel), a receptacle for storing honey; ~ souke, ~ soukel, q.v.; ~ strem (flod), flow of honey; -- also fig.; ~ sugre, ?crystallized or candied honey; ~ ter [OE hunig-tēar], a drop of honey, honey dripping from the comb; -- also as an epithet for Christ; ~ tre, ?a plant of the genus melianthus; (b) ~ lif, sweet life; -- epithet for Christ; ~ love, sweet love, tender love; ~ mouth, honeyed mouth, Homer's mouth; ~ swete, sweet honey; fig. pleasing language, sugared words; -- also adj., q.v.; ~ thikke, thick as honey; ~ wordes, flattering words.
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(OE) Vsp.A.Hom.Init.Creat.(Vsp A.22)217 : Þenche ȝie ælc word of him [God] swete al swa an huni tiar felle upe ȝiure hierte.
- a1250 Wooing Lord (Tit D.18)269 : Ihesu swete ihesu..mi huniter.
- a1250 Orison Lord (Lamb 487)183 : Ihesu, mi leof..Min huniter.
- a1350(?c1280) SLeg.Prol.CV (Ashm 43)4 : Jhesu kyng of alle kynges, þe swete hony drope.
- 1381 Pegge Cook.Recipes (Dc 257)p.118 : For to make Hony Douse. Tak god mylk of Almandys and rys, [etc.].
- c1390 Off a trewe loue (Vrn)62 : No more is no þing to him I-lyche Þen Galle is to þe hony-streme.
- c1390 Talking LGod (Vrn)26/16 : Swete Ihesu heuene kyng..myn hony brid, my swetyng, myn hele & myn hony-ter.
- (a1399) Form Cury (Add 5016)p.37 : Take hony suger and clarifie it togydre and boile it.
- c1400 Femina (Trin-C B.14.40)77 : On by hym selffe syngerly An hony bee ys proprely.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)9.197 : De onfaco melle. For counfyt that is clept honyonfake, Six sester take of grapes Iuce half sour; Too sester hony myghtyly let brake Or stampe, and putte hit into this licour.
- a1450 As ofte (Tan 346)7 : As ofte as..hony-dropys oute of the combes still, So ofte, and ofter, I sygh for youre sake.
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)68.44 (v.2:p.17) : 'Ambrosium' is flowyng hony hevenly .. and .. it may nat be denyed That Ambrose was .. by inward contemplacioun An hevenly hony flode, by exposicioun of Holy Scripture, in which marveilously He haboundid.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)66a : A hwny pott or vessell: mellarium.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)49/4 : The smell of my son is lyke to a feld with flouris or hony bike.
- ?a1500 Henslow Recipes (Henslow)33/21 : Take the Ius of suete hony tre or an-ouþer suet tre.
b
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)206/26 : Loke hu ha ȝulden him, for piment of huni luue, eisil of sur nið & galle of bitter onde.
- c1390 Talking LGod (Vrn)26/16 : Swete Ihesu heuene kyng..Min hony lyf, Min halewy.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Co.(Manly-Rickert)A.4373 : He was as ful of loue and paramour As is the hyue ful of hony swete.
- (?1406) Hoccl.MR (Hnt HM 111)221 : His hony wordes, wrappid in errour, Blyndly conceyued been, the more harm is!
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)prol.277 : In his [Homer's] dites, þat wer so fresche & gay With sugred wordes vnder hony soote, His galle is hidde lowe by the rote.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.2794 : Þin hony mouþe þat doth with sugre flete.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.5219 : He was..as a be, þat stingeþ wiþ þe tonge Whan he haþ shad oute his hony sote.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.m.2.1 : Homer with the hony mouth (that is to seyn, Homer with the swete ditees) singeth that the sonne is cler by pure light.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)10.189 : Vpboile hit thenne and stere hit vntil honythicke it renne.
- c1450(a1449) Lydg.SSecr.(Sln 2464)378 : The Repoort goth Est, West, North, and South, Callyd Omerus with the hony mouth.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.74 : Full faire is þis to here Of rethoryk all full of hony swete.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.290 : The noble poete honymouth Omere.
3.
In surnames and place names [see Smith PNElem. 1.269].
Associated quotations
- (1208) EPNSoc.13 (War.)213 : Hunilege.
- (1230-40) Surnames in Disc.25 : Robert honiedewe.
- (1240) in Wallenberg PNKent481 : Hunichild'.
- (1270) Pleas Som.in Som.RS 36129 : John Honypin.
- (1275) EPNSoc.4 (Wor.)264 : Honiburne.
- (1296) in Thuresson ME Occup.Terms116 : Sim. Hunyman.
- (1310) Sub.R.Bdf.in Suf.GB 1888 : Humfridus Honiloue.
- (1313) Sub.R.Bristol(1) in BGAS 19227 : Johannes le Honymetere.
- (1317) Pat.R.Edw.II83 : John Hunypot.
- (1327) Sub.R.Som.in Som.RS 3198 : Willelmus Honilikkere.
- (1330) EPNSoc.3 (Bedf.& Hnt.)58 : Honydon.
- (1396) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)6.152 : [With another close called] Honyhull.
- (1435) Reg.Chichele in Cant.Yk.S.42 (Lamb 69)526 : Hony lane London.
- (1443-6) Acc.St.Edm.Sarum358 : Johanni Honythorne pro clapsis libris deseruiendis, vj s. viij d.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. honey.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc. (sense 1.(b)), see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. honey of roses.