Middle English Dictionary Entry
glā̆den v.
Entry Info
Forms | glā̆den v. Also glad, gladden, gladi, gladien & gleden, gledien, gleadien, (early) glædien. |
Etymology | OE gladian, Merc. gleadian. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1a.
(a) To gladden (persons or creatures); make joyful, fill with joy or bliss; also, cheer (sb.), encourage, comfort; ben gladed of, be cheered by (sth.); (b) in pious asserverations and exclamations; (c) to relieve (sb. of distress).
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)2180 : Ȝho [Mary] cneow himm [Gabriel] wel, forr he wass ær Wel wunedd offte & lome To cumenn dun wiþþ Goddess word To gladenn hire & frofrenn.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)16947 : Þe king..gon liðe in to Lundene to gladien þat burh-folc.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)16/13 : Glede me, godd, wið þi gleo.
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)26/238 : Godd..sende me to gleadien [vrr. gledien, gladen] ow.
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)432,434 : A child þer is at hom For to gladen oure fader..Ne miȝte him seþþe gladien his child no his wif.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)266/1 : Onderuongeþ hym, be cas he ous ssel gledye.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)600 : Whan melior..herd alisaundrines wordes, sche was gretly gladed of hire gode bihest.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2837 : No man myghte gladen [vrr. glade, glad] Theseus Sauyng his olde fader Egeus.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2767 : Whanne I wot hire good astat..Thus am I gladed in this wise.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.1107 : Walter hir gladeth and hir sorwe slaketh.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)126a/a : Presence of þe day comfortiþ and gladiþ briddis & foules of fliȝt, for in springinge of þe day þe briddis ben ioyful and singiþ.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3795 : Wel was he gladed o [Göt: gladid of] þis sight.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)7.111 : But ȝe rise þe raþere..Shal no greyn þat here growiþ glade [vrr. glad, gladen, gladden] ȝow at nede.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)499 : Þen Godez glam to hem glod þat gladed hem alle.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)171 : Suche gladande glory con to me glace.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1817 : Medea..was..in hir port [so] wommanly certeyn, Þat hir comyng gladeth al þe halle.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.173 : Hire goodly lokyng gladed al the prees.
- a1425 Methodius(1) (Hrl 1900)112/2 : Juste men, soþly, for euermore schul lyue, and wiþ þe kyng of heuene schule be glorifyed or gladed [Meth.(2): sal ioy].
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.5.66 : Right so ben we gladed somtyme of the face of the see whan it es cleer.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2852 : All with glorious gle he gladdis his knyghtes.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)1797 : Sum seruice sal hir want ȝit Of mete or drynk þat myght hir glade [rime: mayde].
- c1450(a1400) Orolog.Sap.(Dc 114)379/3 : I haue no more spirite, but alle-to-gedir failynge in my-selfe, I am greetly reioyced & gladdid in the.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)966 : Bot ȝit it gladis me..to ga þus to deth.
- c1450(c1400) ?Clanvowe Cuckoo & N.(Frf 16)18 : He can glade and greve who him lyketh.
- (1451) Capgr.St.Gilb.(Add 36704)70/3 : At mete was he myri..and with solacious countenauns wold he glade his gestis.
- a1475 Rev.St.Bridget(3) (Gar 145)34/13 : Marie oweth to yeve his gestes medecyn; þat is, glad and comforth hem with Goddis wordis.
- a1500 Lychefelde Comp.G.(Cai 174/95)p.508 : What thyng the myȝt helpe or glade, What the nedyth, schulde not be souȝt.
b
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)6.25 : 'Nay, so God glad me!' seide þe gome þenne.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.822 : The heighe god take I for my witnesse, And also wisly he my soule glade, I neuere heeld me lady ne maistresse.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)16/53 : Þe gude Erle of Glowceter, God mot him glade.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.1655 : Troilus..seyde, 'Now God, to whom ther nys no cause ywrye, Me glade.'
- c1475(a1400) Amadace (Tay 9)p.56 : Jhesu Criste in Trinite, Blesse and glade this cumpany.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)199/1522i : It was grete dole, so god me glade, To se the weymentyng that he made.
- c1450(a1375) Octav.(2) (Clg A.2)3 : Jesu..Glady both old and yonnge With wytte honest!
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)181/1 : Mightfull god, thou vs glad!
c
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)702 : I..bethenke me..how ther leveth no gladnesse May glade me of my distresse.
1b.
(a) To cheer or comfort (the heart, soul, spirits, etc.); alleviate (sorrow); -- also without obj.; (b) of a medicine: to invigorate or revive (a part of the body); glading medicine; -- also without obj.; (c) ?to inspire (a song) with joy.
Associated quotations
a
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)25/702 : For bred strengeþ þe herte of man, And wyn hys herte gledeþ.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Job 31.27 : Myn herte is gladid in hid thing.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ps.42.4 : I shal go in to the auter of God, to God that gladeth [L lætificat] my ȝouthe.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.4259 : Forto gladen his corage, He schal beholde the visage Of wommen.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.968 : I wiste it myghte youre herte glade.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)48b/b : A swete voys & ordynat gladeþ & sturieþ to loue.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)313b/a : Swete sauour..passeþ alle oþere sauours..for þe kynde þer of is nyȝ to blood and gladeþ þerfore.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)23.171 : Lif..gaf hym gold..þat gladede here hertes.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.5739 : Bachus..Whos licour is moste precious and fyn To recomfort hertis and to glade.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)1 Kings 2.1 : Gladid out is [L exultavit] myn herte in the Lord.
- c1430(a1410) Love Mirror (Brsn e.9)38 : My soule magnifieth our lord, and my spirit is gladded and reioysed in god my saueour.
- a1450(a1400) Athelston (Cai 175/96)234 : Myn herte is gladyd welle.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)25.436 : Wel gladed hire herte was Certeinlye.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)563 : No man may my sorwe glade.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)42.4 : I sall inga til the autere of god, til god that gladis [L letificat] my ȝouthhede.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)69/30 : Þe vertu of þy shynynge lyf shal be comfortyd and gladyd þerby.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)7/29 : Mych hit gladdyd his herte..that he myght in fayre weddyr haue somdel Syght of his lond.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)91a/a : He schal vse..hote poudres þat comfortiþ..and he schal vse medicines þat gladiþ [L letificatiuis], as diacene, diaborago.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)115b/a : The secounde wiþ Galiens gladynge medecyne [L leticia].
- a1475 Bk.Quint.(Sln 73)18/10 : Þese medicyns..gladith and clense þe brayn and alle hise myȝtis.
c
- a1300 When y se blosmes (Roy 2.F.8)7 : A swete longinge..þat is of luue newe..gladiet al my þong [?read: song].
2.
(a) To please (sb.) with entertainment; entertain, amuse; glading tale, an entertaining story; (b) to please or placate (God); esp. please (by specific action); (c) to congratulate (sb.) on his good fortune.
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)69/19 : Ac gleues and skentinges, and hundes and hauekes, and alle ðo þing ðe ȝeu hier gladien mai, þat ȝe willen bliðeliche isien and ȝehieren.
- ?a1300 Maximian (Dgb 86)104 : Ne gladieþ me no song, Ne gomen of haueke ne of hounde.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1192 : Heo..fondede in alle manere..to gladien wel þene frere.
- c1330(?a1300) Guy(2) (Auch)p.396 : Þer was..Minstrels of mouþe..To glade þo bernes bliþe.
- c1390 St.Greg.(Vrn)174/1312 : Þo heo hedden i-souped euerichon, And gladet weren in þat niht.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.598 : Kan he oght telle a myrie tale or tweye, With whiche he glade may this compaignye?
- a1400 Floris (Eg 2862)72/107 : Ne myȝt him glade game ne gle.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)10.43 : Þei conne namore mynstralcye ne musyke, men to glade.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)989 : For to glade sir Gawayn with gommez in halle þat nyȝt.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.455 : His herte pietous Ful bisyly Criseyde..soughte..so faste ymagenynge That glade, iwis, kan hym no festeyinge.
- a1500(a1450) St.Robt.Knares.(Eg 3143)36 : Vhenn frendes fared well at a fest And glewmen gladdes þaim wyth gest.
- c1600(?c1395) PPl.Creed (Trin-C R.3.15)515 : Now þe glose is so greit in gladding tales.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)1128 : Þa lakess mihhtenn clennsenn hemm Off sakess & of sinness, & gladenn Godd, ȝiff þatt he wass Hemm wraþþ forr heore gillte.
- c1350 Ayenb.App.(Arun 57)265/22 : Do we to worke godes nebsseft ine ssrif[t]e, and ine zalmes glede we hym.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)10.201 : Wydeweris & wydewis werchiþ riȝt also..glade [vrr. gladyn, gladden] ȝe god, þat al good sendiþ.
- a1500(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Dub 213)25/724* : Ȝha, son! als glad I my god, I gat þe my seluen.
c
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)48/33 : He that dyez in this tyme..es to be thanked and gladede [L congratulandus est] that he has ascapede fro so many perelles.
3.
(a) To become pleased or delighted; be gladdened, take pleasure; cheer up, be comforted; be glad, rejoice; ~ bi, ~ for, be glad on account of (sth.); ~ in, ~ on, take pleasure or rejoice in (sth.); ~ of, take pleasure from (sth.); ~ with, find enjoyment with (sb.); also, be glad (that sth. is so), be glad (to do sth.); (b) refl.; (c) impers.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)94/17 : Þeo sawle..hwilon..glædeþ on gode limpum.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4410 : Þa Brennes hauede ihirde his hirde-manne lare, þa gladede is mod.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)14328 : Hit beoð tiðende inne Sæxe-londe whær swa æi duȝeðe gladieð of drenche þat [etc.].
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)36/35 : Mare he gleadeð of godd wiðuten ei etlunge þen of his ahne gleadunge.
- a1250 Wooing Lord (Tit D.18)285 : Þat i wið him and wið þe muhe i min ariste o domes dai gladien.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)104a : Þis mong woreð swa þe ehnen of þe heorte þet ha ne mei cnawen godd ne gleadien [Nero: gledien; Ancr.Recl.: glady] of his sihðe.
- a1350 Maximian (Hrl 2253)245 : Þah y be men among, y gladie for no song of haueke ne of hounde.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)5368 : Þo king alfred hurde þis, is herte gladede þo.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)20.1 : Þe kyng shal gladen [L exsultabit] in þy vertu.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)351 : Þanne þat barn as biliue by-gan for to glade þat he so realy schuld ride.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ecclus.22.28 : Feith welde thou with a frend in the porenesse of hym, that and in the goodis of hym thou glade.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2738 : Whanne I wolde with hire glade, And of hire love songes make, Sche saide it was noght for hire sake.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.1211 : With every lust he was begon Wherof the bodi myhte glade.
- a1400(?a1325) Bonav.Medit.(1) (Hrl 1701)1100 : Certes y am sory for hys grete passyun, But truly y glade for soules saluacyun.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)125/107 : Al þe gestes bigane to glade Of þe gle þat þis maiden made.
- a1425 WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)John 8.56 : Gladide, or ful out ioyede [Dc 369(2): Abraham, ȝoure fader, ful out ioyede, that he schulde se my day; WB(2): Abraham..gladide to se my dai].
- a1450(1410) This holy tyme make (Dgb 102)9 : Wiþ soulis briȝt in god ȝe glade.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)37 : Pees..of whiche Paradise gladeth.
- a1475 Asneth (Hnt EL 26.A.13)348 : Now may þei glade on my myschief, & utterly me dispise.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)prol.40 : I wolde be gladde þat his gost myȝte glade be my wordis.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)3227 : In stronge sweyneys I haue bene stad, That glad I may not for no gamys gaye.
b
- ?a1300 Maximian (Dgb 86)179 : Þe wimmen þat I se, Þat gladieþ hem wiþ me, Hy brekeþ min herte a-two.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)81/14 : He is fol þet of uayrhede of bodie him gledeþ.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)238/27 : Þe dyeulen ham gledieþ [h]uanne hi moȝe ouercome..ane guodne man.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)258/29 : Ne glede þe naȝt ine uayr ssroud.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2532 : The king himself began to glade Withinne his herte.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.2605 : Tho Josaphat began somdel To gladen him in hope of trouthe.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.609 : Alle thyng repeiryng to his kynde Gladeth hym self.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.1184 : But natheles, he gladed hym in this: He thought he misacounted hadde his day.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.m.5.10 : Oothere bestes gladen hemself [L gaudent] to diggen hir traas..in the erthe.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)928 : Wyth alkyn gladchipe þay gladden þem seluen.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)37 : In a liter he lay, laser at Rome; Out of Galace was gon, to glade hym a stounde.
c
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)24/34 : Me gomeneð & gleadeð [vr. gledeð] al of gasteliche murhden.
- a1500 Wars Alex.(Dub 213)966 : Bot ȝett me gladdes..to byde þus on lyve.
4.
(a) To be joyful, feel joy; also, to manifest joy, rejoice, exult, make merry; (b) ppl. as noun: one who is joyful; (c) to exult in (sth.), praise, extol.
Associated quotations
a
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)96b : Blissið ow & gleadieð [Nero: gledieð].
- ?c1335 Heil seint Michel (Hrl 913)21 : Spekiþ now and gladieþ and drinkeþ al ȝur fille!
- c1350 Ayenb.App.(Arun 57)267/10 : Ich y-zeȝ..þe patriarkes wonderlyche glediynde ine blisse.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)2.11 : Serueþ our Lord in doute, and gladeþ to hym wyþ quakeing.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)52.8 : Þe kynde of Iacob shal gladen [L exsultabit], and þe folk of Israel shal ioyen.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Ezek.35.14 : All erthe gladynge [L lætante universa terra], I shal dryue thee in to wildrenesse.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)11028 : Hir child in wamb be-gan to gladd.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)1 Kings 11.15 : Al the puple..maden Saul a kyng..And Saul gladdide [WB(2): was glad] there.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)11a/a : Calamico: to glade.
- a1425 Methodius(1) (Hrl 1900)108/6 : Men schulen be in þilke dayes, as þei were in þe dayes of Noe, etynge and drinkinge, gladinge & weddinge.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)472 : We sesen of solas and sorwen in herte And maken mourninge of mirthe whan men scholde glade.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)4370 : Quen we gamen suld & glade we grete & we pleyn.
- c1450 In a valey (Lamb 853)115 : Þou wepist, þou gladist, y sitte þee bi.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)222/14 : This day they gladen and comonly ioyen.
- a1500(?a1430) ?Hoccl.7 Joys Virg.(Cmb Kk.1.6)25 : Glaade eke in Joye, O virgine wemlesse!
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)60/111 : Myrth I make till all men, with my harp and fyngers ten, And warn theym that thay glad.
b
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)67.18 : Þe wonyng of God hys x þousand multipliand þousandes of gladand [L lætantium].
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)86.7 : Wonynge, Lord, ys in þe, as of alle gladeand.
c
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)50.15 : My tunge shal galden [L exsultabit] þy ryȝtfulnes.
5.
Associated quotations
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.3199 : O Phebus, which..gladest every creature After the lawe of thi nature.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.2221 : Bright was the day..Phebus hath of gold his stremes doun sent To gladen euery flour with his warmnesse.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.1028 : And for most chefe aldirkenes to confounde, Was a charbocle..To recounfort & gladyn al þe halle.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.6056 : Aurora was gladid with þe liȝt Of Phebus bemys.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.6238 : And Phebus eke, to glade with þe eyr, Gan schewe newe, & his bemys cast In-to þe se.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.18 : Whan Titan was in þe est rysyng, Of his hete atempre and riȝt softe Her emyspery for to glade alofte.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)1461 : Lucyfer the sterre Gladeth the morow at his vprysing.
- a1450(c1433) Lydg.St.Edm.(Hrl 2278)1.318 : Phebus..Makyng his stedis thoruh ther fery leemys Glade thorison of many sondry reemys.