Middle English Dictionary Entry
frainen v.
Entry Info
Forms | frainen v. Also frainien, vrainien, (late) franen. Forms: p. frainede, (rare) frain [OE frægn]. |
Etymology | OE gefrægnan, -frægnade ask, OI fregna ask, learn; cp. OE frignan, p. frægn ask, learn by asking. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To inquire about or ask (something); (b) to ask (someone's name); (c) to inquire (about something or someone);--with of or after phrase; (d) to ask questions.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2759 : Ietro..Sente after him, freinede his kin, Helde him wurðelike is hus wið-in.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)341/1503 : Al þat euer þow konst him frayne, He wol telle þe soþ.
- c1440 Degrev.(Thrn)1736 : Þe mayden rynnes to þe haulle, Tyȝandis to frayn.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)13262 : I asket angardly myche Of dethe & of deire..And other ferlies full fele I fraynit of hit.
b
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2034 : I freyned is name.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5777 : If þai mi nam will ate þe frain.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)2195 : If ani man my name þe frayne.
- c1475(a1400) Amadace (Tay 9)p.34 : Sir Amadace franut hur the marchandes name.
c
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)12922 : Þeȝȝ comenn forr to fraȝȝnenn Crist Off whære he wass att inne.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)19628 : Þa Farisewwess haffdenn sket Off Cristess dedess fraȝȝnedd.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)6627 : He fræinede [Otho: axede] þis leod-folc æfter heore kineleouerde.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)16034 : Þu fræinedest me of feole þine sorȝen.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)25561 : Næs þer nan..þat durste þene king fræine [Otho: axi] of his fare-coste.
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)488 : Hir moder..gan to frain hir of hir wo.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3849 : Þai frannid [Göt: frained] o þar frendes fare.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)954 : He saluȝede þat sorowfull..And fraynez aftyre the fende.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)18.28 : Sche dorste not Aȝens his wille Hym there-Offen freyne.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)3745 : And þus of hire he gan to aske and freyne.
- c1475(a1400) Amadace (Tay 9)50 : If he frayne oȝte aftur me..Say him my sute is quite.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)543 : So many men þer of frayned, Þat it myght noȝt be langer layned.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)6 : She..frayned her of many dyuerse thynges.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)91/185 : Of a thyng frayn the I shall.
d
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)30762 : He uraini ne durste.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1047 : Durste Abraham freinen nunmor.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)7226 : Herd it es to stand again þe wijf þat fines noght to frain.
- (1440) *Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)3230 : They freyned & he told hem..What maner men [etc.].
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)8734 : And ther to summe onsuaret he that frayneden indiscretely.
2.
To ask (a question);--with indir. or dir. question.
Associated quotations
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)10277 : Forr þatt teȝȝ sholldenn fraȝȝnenn himm & asskenn whatt he wære.
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)264 : Hwon God kumeð biuoren ou and freineð hwat ȝe wulleð.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1792 : He..sente ðeden Sondere men to freinen and queðen, If esau wulde [etc.].
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2053 : He herde hem murnen; he hem freinde for-quat.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)181/3862 : Faste þai gonne fraine & fonde, In what londe were þe quene.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)394 : [Þei] freyned faire of þemperour, whar he it founde hadde.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Devil Phys.(Phys-E)151 : This ermyt bigan to frain At satenas, hou he hafd spedde.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)703 : Ay he frayned..at frekez þat he met, If þay hade herde any karp of a knyȝt grene.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)272 : I frayned him, if he wolde fight.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.1227 : His bretheren and his sustren gonne hym freyne, Whi he so sorwful was.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)16.174 : I frayned [Cmb Dd: frain] hym first, fram whennes he come.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1441 : Sir Idrus..Fraynez faste at oure folke..ȝif þer frendez ware ferre.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)62/185 : Nowe wolde I frayne full fayne, Whar-of oure offerand shulde be grathid.
- a1500(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Dub 213)31/832* : He..angrely franes: 'What is þi name?'
- a1500(?c1400) EToulouse (Cmb Ff.2.38)602 : He hym frayned anon: 'Syr, how haste thou spedde?'
3.
(a) To ask (someone); (b) to inquire (of someone);--with of or at phrase; (c) to question (someone in court).
Associated quotations
a
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)1631 : Feng þa Porphire to freinen þis meiden, hwucche weren [etc.].
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)163 : His wif him axede..ȝif him mis-likede aniþing..So streitliche heo fraynede him [etc.].
- (c1380) Chaucer CT.SN.(Manly-Rickert)G.433 : 'Of whennes?', quod she whan that she was freyned.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.7471 : Him was told..Of folk which he began to freyne.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)7193 : Sua lang sco frain [Göt: frayned] him..þat suilk a gabing he hir tald.
- c1400 St.Anne(1) (Min-U Z.822.N.81)1320 : Us þar no ferrer ffrayne.
- a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)653 : Y dar not endure to frayne yow any further, for feere of displesure.
b
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)3587 : He freyned at his folk, what freke þat it were.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)17657 : Sai þe soth and lele O thing þat we sal at þe frain.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)8.3 : And frayned ful oft of folke þat I mette, If ani wiȝte wiste where dowel was at Inne.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)9707 : What evere of Merlyne he gan to freyne, Merlyne hym answerede anon.
- a1500(?c1400) Triam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)1099 : The kyng at hym can frayne.
c
- c1450(c1405) Mum & S.(2) (Add 41666)752 : Yf a freeke for felonye is frayned atte barre..And wil not answere..to deeth shal he wende.
4.
(a) To request or demand (something); (b) to request (someone to do something); also, to request (someone) to come.
Associated quotations
a
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)359 : I haue frayned hit at yow fyrst, foldez hit to me.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)108/92 : Þe Emperoure bad..Þat I suld hald þe here in paine And þe tresore fast of þe frayne.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)17116 : He hine fræinien gon [Otho: axede]..þat he dude him to vnder-stonde of þan weorldes ȝeongen.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2428 : Messangers he [Mark] ches, Tristrem for to frain..Mark was ferly fain, And tristrem kist he.
- a1425(?a1350) Nicod.(1) (Glb E.9)1134 : And þare of þam þai fraine..to swere þe suth to sayne.
5.
To seek (adventure, battle), to quest; to seek a lady's favor; to look or search (for someone), to look (someone) up; also, to choose or desire [Pearl quot.].
Associated quotations
- a1300 Hwi ne serue (Jes-O 29)73 : Þayh þu frayny after freond, ne fyndestu non.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2626 : Tristrem fareþ ay..Fiȝtes for to frain.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2924 : To a leuedi wil y fare..To frain.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)129 : Fortune fares þer as ho fraynez, Wheþer solace ho sende oþer ellez sore.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)489 : Þis auenture forto frayn Þat þou hatz tan on honde.
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)1420 : For to seke feghtyng, Forthe will he frayne.
- c1600(?c1395) PPl.Creed (Trin-C R.3.15)338 : Ȝet will y fonden forþ & fraynen þe Karmes.
6.
To learn or find (something) out by inquiring; frainen tidinges, to get information by inquiring; frainen to witen, to inquire so as to find out, ask (for information).
Associated quotations
- c1330 Harrow.H.(Auch)7/73 : Þou hast frained me forto wite what y be.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)15906 : Quat þai thoght wit his maister do, gladlie wald he frain.
- a1450 Dial.Bern.& V.(2) (Cmb Dd.1.1)95 : Sche him fayre freyne gan, To witen what his wil was þo.
- c1475(a1400) Amadace (Tay 9)p.30 : Tithinges there conne he non frayn; Butte to his lord he wente a-gayn, Told him quat he see there.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)8165 : All the maner of þo men the maidon hom tolde..þat thei frayn wold.