Middle English Dictionary Entry
fish n.
Entry Info
Forms | fish n. Also fis(s, fich(e, vish, vis(s, fisk, fix, fiysh, feysh, fesh, fech(e. |
Etymology | OE fisc; pl. fiscas, fixas. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Any animal that lives in the water (as distinct from 'beast' and 'bird'), such as a fish, a shellfish, a frog, a whale, a seal, a crocodile, a beaver, etc.; also fig.; (b) fish-kin, -kind, water animals; fishes bestiales, water animals other than fishes; sel-fish, seal; shel-fish, shellfish.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)82/13 : Nytene & fiscæs & fuȝelas.
- a1225(?c1175) PMor.(Lamb 487)83 : He makede fisses [vrr. fis, fish] in þe se & fuȝeles in þe lifte.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)24265 : Þer wes fisc, þer wes fuȝel.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)28078 : Com þer an fisc liðe and fereden me to londe.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)177 : Oref and deor and fishshes and fugeles.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)383 : Cethegrande is a fis, ðe moste ðat in water is.
- a1300 Foweles (Dc 139)2 : Foweles in þe frith, Þe fisses in þe flod.
- c1300 SLeg.Brendan (Hrl 2277:Horst.)174 : Ȝe weneþ þat hit beo an yle..hit is a fisch [vr. visc] of þis grete see, þe gretteste þat þer is.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)162 : [God] tagte fuel on walkene his fligt, Ilc fis on water his flotes migt.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.725 : And every fissh which hath a schelle Mot in his [the moon's] governance duelle, To wexe and wane in his degre.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1865 : No lyues creature, Be it of fissh or bryd or beest or man.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)159a/b : Fisshes þat ben yclepid foce, cocodrilli, castores, ypotami, þet ben water hors, and other suche.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)159b/b : Al fysshe fediþ & kepith here owne briddes [L pullos], oute take frogges.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)160a/a : No manere kynde of ffisshe..hath no pappes noþer mylke, but þe delphyn.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)160b/b : Þere is some kynde of grete huge fysshe..and suche was þe whale.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)161a/b : Alle þat fysshe with shelles is y clepid osterum.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)22571 : Þe fixses [Phys-E, Göt: fisses; Frf: fisshis]..Til erth wai þan sal þai fle.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)288 : Al þat flesch werez, Fro þe burne to þe best, fro bryddez to fyschez.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.m.8.19,20 : Of tendre fysches, or of scharpe fyssches that hyghten echynnys.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)1765 : Euere creature, Fyssh, ful, & bestes.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5083 : Sum fellis of fischis, ferly to tell, Was like as of lepards & lions skynnes.
b
- a1225(?OE) Vsp.A.Hom.(Vsp A.22)233 : He is hure fader..his eorðe us werpð corn..his water, drench and fiscynn.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)160a/a : Oystres and oþer shelle fysshe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)279b/a : Þe tayl of fisshe kynde.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.m.5 : Thei coude nat deyen white fleeses..with the blood of a maner schellefyssch that men fynden in Tirie.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)35a/b : Eschwe he al þingez þat gendreþ melancolic blode..as beþ fleshez..of wilde swyne, And as fisshez bestialez & ostreosis.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)148a/a : A girdil of þe skyn of vituli marini .i. a seel fish.
2.
(a) A fish (in the modern popular sense); scaled fish; (b) sg. as a generic or mass noun: fish; (c) fresh-water fish; se-fish, salt-water fish; stok-fish, merling ~, etc.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)84/4 : Ða fixas nabbæþ nan lif buton wætere.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)13297 : To farenn vppo sæ, To fisskenn affterr fisskess.
- c1300 SLeg.Silv.(1) (LdMisc 108)29 : A fisches bon schet in is þrote ase he sat and et.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)50 : Þe vissere of helle þet nymþ þane viss bi þe þrote.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)61 : Nykeren, þet habbeþ bodyes of wyfman and tayl of uisssse.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)170 : Ase viss geþ in be him-zelue..in-to þe nette.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)8.81 : Visches leep out of a pond..and fouȝte strongliche to gidres.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.503 : Fyue thousand folk it was as greet meruaille With loues fyue and fisshes two to fede.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.3456 : Lich as thei weren fisshes skales.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)159b/b : It is certeyne þat þe soule Of þe ffysshe is in þe tayle.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)269a/b : Some fisshes beþ liche to serpentes in lengþe & haueþ fynnes oþer none..as laumprays and congres and eeles.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)1209 : His moder was a goddes of þe see Half ffisshe, half man.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.153 : If he axe a fiȝsh, wher he shal ȝyve him an eddir for þe fiȝsh?
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.2056 : Meremaydnes..Þat fro þe brest..Ben of her shap fysches.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.3022 : A baner..Ful of fysshes betyn.
- (c1438) MKempe B (Add 61823)243/39 : Seruyd wyth diuers of fyschys, as reed heryng & good pyke & sweche oþer.
- c1440 Thrn.Med.Bk.(Thrn)53/33 : Littill fisches of fresche water rostede & ete þam with vynagre.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)13272 : Lyrens were..ffro the navell netherward noght but a fisshe, And made as a maidon fro þe myddes vp.
- c1400 Interpol.Rolle Cant.(1) (Bod 288)69 : A whal is þe moost fisch in þe see..by þis greet fisch ben undirstonden alle oþere fischis, boþe schel fische and scalid fisch.
- c1460 Cursor (LdMisc 416)16931 : As fishe with bayte was he takyn & on the hoke brought.
- a1475 Asneth (Hnt EL 26.A.13)710 : For as þe fyssh by the hook ys take by distresse, So ys beaute drow me to hym by vertuus prouydence.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)1.231 : Lyeng..in awayte, As a fysshe doith after his baite.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)22000 : Þer inne is feower kunnes fisc.
- c1330(?a1300) Guy(2) (Auch)p.548 : A fischer þat was comand, In þe se fische takeand Bi himself al-on.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.13 : [In Britain] þere is grete plente of small fische, of samon, and of elys..So þat cherles in som place fediþ sowes with fische.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.27 : Foure manere fische beþ i-take þere ynne.
- c1450 Treat.Fish.(Yale 171)17 : For all Maner of fyche.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)4398 : Thre botefull of ffysche þai broght; So mykel ffysche ffanged þai noȝt Þat thre ȝere before.
- (1472) Doc.in Sur.Soc.8523 : For owr fechers..yat ya sell noy feche with owt yet it be abyld..& yat no man cute hys feche bot yat at be serched.
- (1472) Doc.in Sur.Soc.8523 : We say yat yer have boght..unsesanabyll.. feche & herrynge bothe Thom Smythe & John Clyffe..& yf thay brynge anny more fyche chafer, ya for to forfyte thar feche.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)48a : Plente of ffysche: piscolencia.
- a1500 LRed Bk.Bristol1.154 : Divers kyndes of ffisshe.
c
- (a1399) Oath Bk.Colchester7 : Stokffysch..Fyssh of the hele..Merlyng fysch.
- c1440 ?Lydg.Charters (Add 14848)219 : This sayde notable liberte, that al maner see fysshe of jurediccioun, by lukre or tool, shold long unto me.
- c1450 Treat.Fish.(Yale 171)21 : Ye schall angle to euery maner freche watur fyche in euery moneth of þe ȝer.
- a1500 Burg.Pest.(2) (Sln 2320)75/102 : Fresshe water fysshe or other fresshe fysshe rosted.
3.
(a) Fish as food; the flesh of fish as distinct from the flesh of 'beasts'; flesh and fish, meat and fish; (b) the flesh of fish as opposed to the bones.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)19693 : Ne cumeð nauere inne ure disc neoþer flæs na no fisc.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1007 : Hi eteþ fihs [vr. fys] and flehs unsode.
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)503 : Of fiss & of flesse..He lette senden in cartes.
- a1300 Trin-C.Prov.(Trin-C O.2.45)p.5 : Hering hom com..hi wende for þe fische, þat hi scholde faste.
- c1300 SLeg.Brendan (Hrl 2277:Horst.) : Hi makede fur & soden hem fisch in a caudroun faste.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)110 : He ne acseþ none outrage, ne wyn, ne uless, ne uiss.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.344 : Withoute bake mete was neuere his hous, Of fissh and flessh, and that so plenteuous.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)194b/b : Þe men of þe londe lyuen by fysshe & by huntyng of flesshe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1965 : Fixs and flesse, o bath i sai, Lok ai þe blod ȝee cast a wai.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)7.439 : Shal neuere fish on fryday defye in my wombe.
- a1450 St.Etheldr.(Fst B.3)335 : No day forsothe he neytte bot ene: Bredde & ale, & fulle seylden feysshe.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)450/70 : Roste fecche.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)28/19 : Sothyn fysch or flesche.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)161a/a : Þilke fysshe þat haþ harde fysshe is better whanne it is y saltid.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)161a/b : Þe crabbe is enemy to þe oystre, for he leueþ by þe fysshe þer of..þe crabbe eteþ and gnaweþ the fysshe of þe oystre.
- ?c1425 Arun.Cook.Recipes (Arun 334)446 : Take gode fat eles and sethe hom al hole, and when thai byn sothen, take of the fyssh from the bones.
- ?a1475 Noble Bk.Cook.(Hlk 674)50 : Lowse the bone with a prik from the fische..then put the prik betwene the bone and the fische.
4.
Sayings: a fish out of water, mute as a fish; fish-hol, -hal, hale and sound; etc.
Associated quotations
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)53/570 : Heo ase fisch hal [vr. fichsal], as þah ha nefde nohwer hurtes ifelet.
- a1300 Trin-C.Prov.(Trin-C O.2.45)p.7 : Cat lufat visch, ac he nele his feth wete.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.180 : A monk whan he is recchelees Is likned til a fissh that is waterlees.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)11.204 : Whanne fisshes faile þe flood or þe fresshe watir, Þei diȝe for þe drouȝte.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)52/7 : He was clensed of lepre and made fisch hale.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2709 : The freke schalle be fische halle with-in fowre howres.
- a1456(a1449) Lydg.My Lady (Add 16165)65 : What is a fisshe out of the see..But ded anoon.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)16.154 : His Arm be-Cam As hol Anon As was fisch that bar A bon.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1784 : Ye be lyke the sweynte cat That wolde have fissh, but..He wolde nothing wete his clowes.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2575 : As fast was he fysche-hale.
- c1450 Lydg.SSecr.Ctn.(Sln 2464)2310 : Dowmbe as the ffyssh And as a mows noyous.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)449 : Þes men myȝten no more dwelle out þer-of þan fiȝs myȝte dwelle out of water.
- c1450(a1400) Chev.Assigne (Clg A.2)353 : Fyve cheynes i haue, and þey ben fysh-hole.
5.
(a) fish bord, a counter for display of fish for sale; (b) ~ bot, fishing boat; ?also, the name of a boat; (c) ~ bro, ~ broth, fish sauce or broth; (d) ~ dai, a religious fast day on which fish is eaten; (e) ~ fe, a manorial rent paid in lieu of supplying fish to the lord of the manor; (f) ~ flod, a river rich in fish; (g) ~ garth(in, a weir or enclosure in a river or pond for keeping fish or for aiding in the catching of fish; (h) ~ glewe, fish glue; (i) ~ hok, fish hook or fish spear; also as heraldic design [c1460 quot.]; (j) ~ hors, a horse for transporting fish; (k) ~ hous, a building for storing fish; (l) ~ knif; (m) ~ larder; (n) ~ lending, a fisherman's wharf; (o) ~ lep, fish basket; (p) ~ man; (q) ~ market; (r) ~ monger, fish seller; (s) ~ net; (t) ~ offiser, fish inspector; (u) ~ panier, fish basket; (v) ~ peni = ~ fe; (w) ~ pol, fish pond; (x) ~ pond; (y) ~ sellere; (z) ~ shamel(s), fish market; (aa) ~ silver = ~ fe; (bb) ~ slip, fisherman's wharf; (cc) ~ stret; (dd) ~ tail; (ee) ~ wer, an enclosure for keeping fish, a fish pond; (ff) ~ wharf; (gg) ~ wife, a woman who sells fish; (hh) ~ yard= ~ garth.
Associated quotations
a
- (1423) Plea & Mem.in Bk.Lond.E.131 : We endite all the Fysshbordys..for stondyng oute to ferre.
- (1435) Doc.in Rec.B.Nottingham 2359 : On ye northe syd of ye Fleshusse is x bayes for x feysh burdes, and ilk burd be ȝere ijs.
b
- (1347-8) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.100546 : In emendacione del Stanebate et del Fisshebate.
- (1440) *Acc.Exch.K.R.18 Hen.VI [AALT]E159/216 (img 0571) : Robertus Skllynge de Hedone, in comitatu predicto, marchaunt, .. cum quadam navi, vocata 'Fysshebote', unde idem Robertus adtunc fuit possessor, apud Hedone predictam .. de mercandisis predictis discarcavit et eas ibidem super terram posuit non custumatas nec cokettatas.
- (1446) Doc.Coldingham in Sur.Soc.12app.lxxxiv : iiij fysbottis.
c
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)13 : Drawe it wyth Wyne an gode Fysshe broþe.
- a1500 Mayer Nominale (Mayer)740 : Hic garus: a fyscbrowe.
d
- a1350 Ich herdemen (Hrl 2253)42 : Þenne mot ich habbe hennen arost feyr on fysh day, launprey & lax.
- 1381 Pegge Cook.Recipes (Dc 257)96 : On fysch dayes [dast therto] oyle de olyve and gode powdres.
- ?c1425 Arun.Cook.Recipes (Arun 334)429 : Tempur hom, on fysshe day wyth wyn and on flesheday with broth of flesh.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)9 : Ȝif it be lente or fyssday.
- a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sln 1986)41 : Chewetes on fysshe day.
e
- (1202) Chart.R.PRO1.257 : Hundredfeh, wardfeh, et fisfeh.
- (1302-3) Cust.Rent in OSSLH 234 : De quadam certa consuetudine que vocatur Fyshfee.
f
- a1475(a1447) Bokenham MAngl.(Hrl 4011)8/37 : In þis Ile..be..gret ffische-fflodis.
g
- (1401) Close R.Hen.IV310 : Fisshgarthes.
- (1435) Doc.in Rec.B.Nottingham 2356 : For a feysh garthyn yat he has madde stewys yn.
- (1467) Doc.in Rec.B.Nottingham 2380 : A were otherwise called a fysshegarth.
- (1474) in Rymer's Foedera (1709-10)11.837 : The Fisshgaert upon the Watier of Eske.
- (1475) in Rymer's Foedera (1709-10)11.851 : Quandam Sepem seu Clausuram, ex transverso ejusdem Fluminis constructam, valgariter vocatam le Fisgarth, ubi Pisces illuc confluentes facilius per nostros capi detinerique possint.
h
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)149b/a : Avicen prayseþ..fisshe flewe [L gluten piscium].
i
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.295 : Fischhook.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)203a/a : Fissche is y take in water whanne fisshe hokes beþ y ased wiþ suche wormes.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)67a/a : Tridens: a fysshe hoke of þre teþ.
- c1460 I warne you (Dub 432)p.293 : The Fysshe Hoke cam into the felde with ful egre mode.
j
- (1348) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.9943 : In ferrura del fyschehors.
- (1441-2) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.9979 : Pro 1 stabulo..pro le fishhorse.
k
- (1288) Rec.Norwich 210 : Cum quodam torallo et medietatem cuiusdam Fishhus.
- (a1350) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.9938 : Pro clausura cujusdam fenestre in le fyschehous.
- (1456-7) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.103636 : Item in le fyshouse, 20 dogdrawe, 12 stokfysh.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)48a : A ffysche howse: piscarium.
l
- (1403-4) in Rec.B.Nottingham 220 : Fyschknyff.
m
- (1459-60) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.9989 : Fysshlardar.
n
- (1417) Mem.Bk.York in Sur.Soc.12553 : Le Fysshlendyng.
- (1419) Mem.Bk.York in Sur.Soc.120198 : Nullus piscarius forinsecus ponat batellos suos cum piscibus suis apud le Fysshelendyng.
o
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)28a/a : Fiscinula: fish lep.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)43b/a : Nassa: a fyshlepe.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)163 : Fysch leep: Nassa.
p
- (c1360) R.Arms Norwich in Nrf.Archaeol.14314 : Clemens ffisshman.
- (1466-7) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.9991 : Pro v par. calatorum magnorum empt. pro le fisscheman.
- (1474) Court R.Hastings in Sus.RS 37167 : Randulf Fissheman.
q
- (1288) Rec.Norwich 29 : Duo stalla in oriente de Fresh Fischmarket.
- (1307) EPNSoc.14 (East Riding Yks.& York)197 : Fismarketegat.
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)105 : That no regratour in the forseid fisshmarket not selle ne shewe to selle..ony maner of fyssh.
- (1447-8) Shillingford84 : A strete y-called Fyssh strete..yn whiche strete of tyme that no mynde ys the ffysh market of the seide Meyer and Comminalte was woned to be holde.
r
- (1307-13) Surnames in Disc.23 : Lawrence le fysshmongere.
- (1349) Will Court Hust.(Gldh)1.599 : Fresshfisshmongere.
- (1382) RParl.3.142b : Fisshemongere.
- (1419) Mem.Bk.York in Sur.Soc.120197 : De unanimi consensu..omnium artificiorum de fysshmangercrafte..de lez fyshemangers.
- (1467) Ordin.Wor.397 : That no persone withyn the seid cite sille no ffysshe watrd at retayle but he be contrubitory with the ffisshemongers crafte.
s
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)175 : Werpinde ut here fishnet in þe se.
t
- (1403-4) in Rec.B.Nottingham 220 : v fyschpanyers, viijd.
u
- (c1281) Hundred R.Tower 2643b : Item dat j denarium ad fispeni.
v
- (1325) Pat.R.Edw.II154 : William atte Fishpol.
- a1450 7 Sages(3) (Cmb Dd.1.17)883 : Into hys horchard thay way he nome, And to a fische-pole he come.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)5365 : Biside a fisch-pole.
w
- (1279) Hundred R.Tower 2346 : Robertus ad Fispond.
- (c1325) Doc.in Kennett Par.Antiq.(1818) [OD col.]1.566 : Item tres acræ..apud le fishpond.
- (1388) *Mun.B.Bridgewater54(6) : Radulphus Fishpound.
- ?a1425(a1400) Brut-1377 (Corp-C 174)330/33 : Brekyng her fisshepond hedis, & lete þe water of her pondes, stewes & ryuers, renne out.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)481 : Stwe, fysche ponde: Vivarium.
x
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)163 : Fysch sellare: Piscarius, piscaria.
y
- (1456-7) Doc.in Gilbert Cal.Dublin 1293 : Of every bot that takyt samownes ther shall be assignet a man..to syll the samownes at the fishameles.
- (1465) Doc.in Gilbert Cal.Dublin 1320 : Constabels..for the Fishamel.
z
- (1251) Cart.Ramsey in RS 79.1314 : Ricardus Berengarius tenet unam dimidiam virgatam terrae, pro qua dat..fissilver, wethersilver [etc.].
- (1368) in Neilson Ramsey AbbeyApp.74 : De xvi d. de fisschsilver termino Annunciationis.
aa
- (1455-6) Doc.in Gilbert Cal.Dublin 1290 : Jhon Marcus..schold have the towyr ovre the fysh slype.
bb
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.564 : The white wyn of Lepe That is to selle in Fisshstrete or in Chepe.
- (1425-6) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.191 : Alis Gayton atte Swan yn Old Fisshstrete.
- (1447-8) Shillingford84 : A strete y-called Fyssh strete..yn whiche strete..the ffysh market..was woned to be holde.
- (1470-1) Doc.in Gilbert Cal.Dublin 1344 : Ther ben imade constables for this yere: for the Fish stret.
cc
- (c1450) Doc.in Bentley Excerpta Hist.416 : Wagge thy hande displaied sidelynges in maner of a fissh taill.
dd
- (1324) Pat.R.Edw.II400 : John atte Fisswere.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.423 : Tweye grete fische werys Conteyned in þe oon pond.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.179/26 : Poundes, ffyssheweres, stewys.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)315/30 : vij shillings of rent..for tway fyssh-weris.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)401/23 : The abbesse of Godestowe..graunted and lete to henry kyngeston and to william more, Fysshers, ther seuerell fysshwere in the subarbis of Oxenford that is I-called Charwelle.
ee
- (1273) Will Court Hust.(Gldh)1.17 : Viswarf.
- (1320) RParl.1.370b : Shopas suas in quodam loco qui vocatur Fishwarf London habentes.
- ?1325(1321) Liber Cust.Lond.in RS 12.2385 : Sur la Ryve del Fishwharfe de Loundres.
ff
- (1381) in Thuresson ME Occup.Terms198 : Margaret Fisshwyf.
- (1413) Close R.Hen.IV420 : Fysshewyfe.
gg
- (1438) Deed Yks.in YASRS 39174 : Le Fysshe yarde, called Kyrkelegh.
- (1461) Deed Norris in LCRS 9374 : A Fyssheyorde in the Watur of Gerstan.
6.
As surname, and in compound place names and surnames.
Associated quotations
- (1169) Anc.Chart.in Pipe R.Soc.1069 : Ricardus fis.
- (1180) EPNSoc.6 (Sus.)70 : Fisseburn(e).
- (1210-12) EPNSoc.9 (Dev.)510 : Fishacre.
- (1228) EPNSoc.8 (Dev.)143 : Fislega.
- (1241) EPNSoc.11 (Sur.)260 : Fissefold.
- (1279) EPNSoc.6 (Sus.)70 : Visseburn.
- (1289) EPNSoc.6 (Sus.)70 : Fyssheborne.
- (1296-7) Acc.Cornw.in RHS ser.3.6696 : Roberto le Fysch.
- (1330) EPNSoc.9 (Dev.)480 : Fishwyk.
- (1362) EPNSoc.8 (Dev.)143 : Westfuslegh.
- (1388-9) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.103596 : De Fischlak usque Dunelm.
- (1467) Acc.Howard in RC 57591 : Paid to Fysheloke, bowere, fore ij bowes.
7.
Astron. The constellation or sign of the zodiac known as the Fishes (L Pisces); the fish clepid Serus, ?the Southern Fish (L Piscis Australis);--sg.or pl.
Associated quotations
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.207 : Þese beeþ þe names of þe signes: þe Wether, þe Boole..þe Fisshe.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.273 : Nu dauncen lusty Venus children deere, For in the fissh hir lady sat ful hye.
- ?1435(1432) Lydg.Hen.VI Entry (Jul B.2)2 : Whanne Phebus was in the Fysshe eronne, Out off the Sygne which called is Aquarie.
- (1449) Metham AC (Gar 141)576 : The twelue syngnys off the yere..the Aqwary, and the Fysschys.
- (1449) Metham AC (Gar 141)583 : And southe in the spere toward the octyan..the fysch clepyd Serus.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)86/4 : Loke þat þe mone be noght yn þe tokenynges of þe Bull or of ffishes.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: The sense formerly numbered 5.(t), ~ offiser ('fish inspector') has been removed, on the grounds that the evidence is better interpreted as containing an error for 'siche' (such) rather than 'fish'.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1325 Add.46919 Cook.Recipes (Add 46919)49.32/6 : Ȝef hit is day of vische, do þerto peoren oþur chistenis oþur saumoun oþur luz oþur perche.
- a1325 Add.46919 Cook.Recipes (Add 46919)48.25/1 : Vihs isodeen in win & water & saffron.
- a1325 Add.46919 Cook.Recipes (Add 46919)48.26/1 : Brasee..þe vichs ispandled, & ystreyed wyþinnen þe vessel wiþ þe vische, quibibes, cloues; [etc.].
Note: Three new spellings = vihs, vichs, vische.
Note: Additional quots. and note--per REL