Middle English Dictionary Entry
ferme n.(2)
Entry Info
Forms | ferme n.(2) Also verme, verem, farm(e, fyrme. |
Etymology | OF ferme; cp. ML firma. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) The arrangement by which one has the use of land (or has the privilege of collecting revenues) in return for fixed payment; a lease; a stewardship; (b) land or other property leased or farmed out in this manner; (c) ~ hold, ~ lond, a tract of leased or rented land.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 16.2 : Ȝeld resoun of thi ferme [L villicationis tuæ], for now thou schalt not mowe holde thi ferme.
- (1422) RParl.4.176a : That all maner Wardes, Mariages, Fermes, and other casueltees that longeth to the Coroune, whan thei falle, be leeten, sold, and disposed by the said Lordis of the Counseill.
- (1456) GRed Bk.Bristolpt.2 p.55 : The londes and tenementz hold by theym of oure Soueraing lord the Kyng in right of the ferme of the seid town.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.56/5 : All þere mede of Bolestoke..to be had in þe name of a perpetuell ferme, for xxiiij s. yerly.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.97/29 : And þat this lettyng and of perpetuell ferme takyng be sure and stable for Euer, þe parties..euerych to oþer her seeles haue putte.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)534/6 : viij shillings of rente, the which..they were I-wonyd to take euery yere in the name of a ferme.
- a1500(a1470) Let.Marg.Anjou in Camd.86 (Add 46846)127 : Al by colour of a ferme that ye have there of oures..ye wrongfully engrose towards you al oure tenants lyvelode.
b
- (1334) RParl.2.79a : Totius Foreste de Savernak & Censariam que vocatur la Verme in Foresta predicta.
- (1414) RParl.4.59a : For manye of the Religious that hav swiche fermes of the Kyng in governance, by strength of the forseide Statut, disesen and destreyen manye of the Kynges tenauntz of the same Lordshipes.
- (1414) RParl.59b : And also, that they bryngen in, under the same peyne, alle her evydences of alle the persones by name, from the tyme of her ferst graunt of her ferme into this day, that hav purchaced and gersoned alle the lendes.
- (1429) Will Braybroke in Ess.AST 5307 : I wol and praye..yat al moner money..yat shal be resceyued or taken of any ferme of my maners..be resceyued and take up by myn executors.
- (?1440) Contract in OSSLH 4181 : Þe seid priour and Leonard, ymaginyng to putte þe seyd suppliant fro his ferme, entretyd þe seid suppliant to leve þe terme þat he hadde in þe seid ferme.
- (1450) RParl.5.187a : If eny persone..have spende grete good..in bildyng, repairyng, closyng..and by yis present Parlement shuld be putt away from here seid ferme.
- (1461) Paston (Gairdner)4.18 : The ferme that Cheseman had in Boyton, that is to sey, xl acre lond erable..paying yerly for it iiij li.
c
- (1357-8) Doc.Manor in MP 3441 : Fermelond.
- c1390(c1350) NHom.(2) PSanct.(Vrn)302/283 : Þen whon þe ferme-lond is take, þer we may vs muri make.
- (1471) Deed Yks.in YASRS 765 : William Clayton..chalangeth termys and tytyll of Fermhold in owe Grange calde Bentley.
- (1472) Will York in Sur.Soc.45205 : The farme hald of Bradlay, that I have takyn be indentur..I will my wife have reule..ther of, duryng the terme.
2.
(a) A payment made for the use of land (a house, mill, etc.); payment for the privilege of collecting revenues; a rent payment; half-yer ~, rent for half a year; reisen ~, to collect a rent; (b) ~ corn, grain as rent, a money payment in lieu of such a rent; ~ fultum, ~ penes, some kind of manorial rents; (c) a royal rent, a tax; also, tribute from a conquered country; kinges ~, tax or toll levied for the king; ~ of the toun, tax collected by a town.
Associated quotations
a
- c1405 Chaucer CT.Prol.(Heng)A.252b : He was the beste beggere of his hous, And yaf a certeyn ferme for the graunt; Noon of his bretheren cam ther in his haunt.
- (1414) Let.Coldingham in Sur.Soc.1286 : Gifand and grauntand till hym our full power and autorite..all our sayd landes to sett, fermes to rayse, courtys till hald, [etc.].
- (1420) EEWills52/18 : If any tenaunt be so pouer that he may nought, for pouertee, pay his ferme that is owing.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)39/14 : Þai sal make chartir, and yelde ilke ȝere þe ferme.
- (1432-3) Grocer Lond.(Kingdon)223 : Resseyvyd of Thomas Burbache for þe ferme of his office for an hole ȝer.
- (1446) *Proc.Chanc.PRO ser.C 1 file 9no.423 : Robert lywer person..toke an accion of dett ayenst..ffermours of his said church..by cause of nonpayment of her ferme of the said churche.
- (1446) Doc.in Morsbach Origurk.25 : Payng yerely..the ferme of VIII marces.
- (a1450) in Scrope Castle Combe [OD col.]258 : The profittes and farm of the millne whiche mownteth unto ye somme of viij marks.
- (1457) Indent.Prior in Palaeog.Soc.3 (Hrl Charter 44.B.47)260 : If he be bihinde of his fferme aforseid at eny terme abovewriten by the spacce of viij dayes..hit shall be leeffull vnto the forseid Prioure..to distreigne.
- (1462) Paston (Gairdner)4.29 : To receyve the rentes and fermys of the tenauntes.
- (1465) Acc.Howard in RC 57163 : Item, to remember thar howethe me fore fereme of my mel onpayd.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)192/2 : And yf so be..that they lese any part of the forseid lond..hit shall be abated out of the seid ferme of an hundred shillyngis.
- (1469-71) Stonor1.106 : Receyved of John Lyndesey for ferme of the corne mylle for Mich. terme, xxxvj s. viiij d.
- (1472) Paston (Gairdner)5.138 : Ther he wold have gadyrd the half yere ferm.
- (1472-3) Will York in Sur.Soc.45205 : And as for the first yere ferme, it is paid before hand.
- a1475 Bk.Courtesy (Sln 1986)596 : Of þe resayuer..Þat fermys resayuys.
- a1500 Henley Husb.(Sln 686)57 : Ye shall sufesyently be recompensed þer fore..for to bere ovt þe ferme off þe cok withe þe sayle off þe cheknys.
- (a1500) Doc.in Sur.Soc.8563 : Every Burgese schall gyff to ye Lord one tyme in ye ȝere a farme for hys tenement, the qwhyche is called the gaffelege.
b
- (a1300) Cust.Rent in OSSLH 223 : [The Bleadon Custumal mentions..] veremecorn.
- (1302-3) Cust.Rent in OSSLH 217 fn. : De quadom certa consuetudine que vocatur fermfoltum.
- (1302-3) Cust.Rent in OSSLH 217 fn. : Et de v s.xi d. ob de consuetudinibus vocatis turfdole, fermpenes, et melderfe.
- (1472) Paston (Gairdner)5.151 : Then he may apoynt with hym for yow, or the ferm corn be gadryd.
c
- a1400 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/1)52 : Euerich fullere makye oon [burell-werk] by ȝere, and euerych makyere oon to neme [OF a rendre] þe kynges ferme.
- a1400 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/1)56 : No man ne may bygge leþer grene..but ȝif he be of fraunchyse, vppeyne to nyme [OF perdre] þat good to þe ferme of þe town.
- c1430 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/2)51 : Eueri grete hous where þat me worchyþ þe quiltis schulle to þe fyrme of þe town v s. by ȝere.
- c1430 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/2)59 : Eche bord schal to þe kynges ferme [WinHRO W/A3/1: rente] a ferthyng a day þat þer byþ ffyssh vpon.
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)185 : These ben the custumys longyng to the ferme of the kyng of the toun of Gippeswych to takyn in the same toun of divers merchaundysys that comyn with ynne the fraunchise of the toun for to sellyn.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1005 : Here the fermez he fangez of fyftene rewmez.
- (1447-8) Shillingford115 : The Shirivys..accompted of the issuys and proffitis therof yn the Kynges Excheker as parcell of the ferme of the shire.
- (1449) RParl.5.159a : The said John Bury..shuld be oon of the Sargeauntes of oure said Soveraigne Lord atte Armes..takyng xii d. by the day, terme of his lyf, of the ferme of the Countees of London and Midd'.
- (1464) RParl.5.568b : Shirrefs of all the Countees..in this youre Reame of Englond be yerely charged..of many grete fermes and sommes under dyvers old names asked..the which fermes and sommes the seid Shirrefs knewe not where nor howe to levy.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)201/20 : Othir farme had he none of fyftene realmys.
3.
(a) leten (putten, setten, taken) to ~, putten (setten) out to ~, putten into ~, to farm out (something), to grant the use or revenues of (something) in return for a fixed payment; setten ~, to give (someone) a lease or a stewardship; (b) gon to ~, to be farmed out; (c) haven (holden, taken) to ~, haven (taken) in ~, taken ~, to rent or lease (something), to have the use or revenues of (something) in return for a fixed payment.
Associated quotations
a
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7773 : King willam..sette is tounes & is londes to ferme wel vaste.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8566 : Hor londes & hor rentes þe king huld in is honde, & oþer wile to ferme tok.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.413 : He helde þre bisshopriches..and som [he] sette to ferme [L ad firmam tradidit].
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.433 : Anselme..forbeed settynge of dignetes to ferme.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)140/8 : He hade late to ferme þe Erchebisshoppriche of Kaunterbery.
- (1429-30) Let.Coldingham in Sur.Soc.12104 : The said Priour..has sett and to ferme latyn to the said Thomas..all the landys of Brokholl.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Serv.& L.(Corp-C 296)243 : He schal be fayn to sette his chirche to ferme to suche a gettere, nerehonde for nouȝt.
- (1434) Doc.in Morsbach Origurk.16 : William ffynch..hath betakyn, and to ferme yletyn, vnto john herry..vi parcellis of land.
- (c1440) Doc.Bridg.Corp.in Som.RS 5743 : Ye most take hit up on usse that sette you the ferme.
- (1444) RParl.5.110a : That no Shirref lete to ferme in no wyse his Counte, ne noon of his Baillywykes, Hundreth ne Wapentakes.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)288 : Thei myȝten sette hem out to ferme and receyue ȝeerli rentis for hem.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)290 : Thei myȝten putte tho same housis and feeldis into ferme and rente.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)32/15 : Þilke þat..takeþ here bestes to ferme, so þat..ȝif þei deiȝe, þe fermour schal fynde oþere as goode.
- c1450(c1425) Brut-1419 (Cmb Kk.1.12)356/21 : King Richarde sette his kingdom and his riall londe to fferme of Engelond vnto iiij personez.
- (1454) GRed Bk.Bristolpt.2 p.51 : Hit shall be lawfull to the seid Chamburleynes to Putte the seid seale and seales to Ferme to such persone..for a certayne summe of Money.
- (1460) Let.Christ Ch.in RS 85.3236 : Ye shall not let youre shirefweke or any baillifwyke ther of to ferme to any man.
- (1473-4) Deed Yks.in YASRS 6935 : John Salvayn esquire hath graunte and to ferm latyn to William Phippis..an acre of medue.
- a1500 Henley Husb.(Sln 686)57 : Þey shall be let to ferme, a goose ffor xij d. in þe yere, & v hennes & a cok for iij s. in þe yere.
b
- c1475 Gregory's Chron.(Eg 1995)77 : He grauntyd that sherevehodys sholde goo to ferme for CCC li. be yere.
c
- c1390(c1350) NHom.(2) PSanct.(Vrn)302/276 : We wiþ muche cost gouerne þat lond þat we haue to ferme.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)2409 : Ȝyf þou haue a þyng yn ferme To a certeyn day of terme.
- (1414) RParl.4.58b : The freest Knyght or Squyer of the Rewme, zif they be dwellyng tenauntz under ony of the Religious that have swiche Lordshipes of the Kynges to ferme, may be put in prison.
- (1419) Doc.in Sur.Soc.8514 : That nane entir..bot thay that has taken tham to ferme.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)16.16 : And liberum arbitrium hath þe londe to ferme, Vnder Piers þe plowman to pyken it and to weden it.
- (1425) Paston3.3 (931/9) : Arable londes .. which þe seid William Joye hath had in ferme fe-for þis tyme of þe seid William Paston.
- (1429) Will Braybroke in Ess.AST 5301 : I wol who so ever be my preest, that shal haue my place at Nethirstede to ferme that he synge at oure lady auter.
- (1435) Doc.in Rec.B.Nottingham 2358 : A comon lane..Bercroft has in ferme.
- (1439) EEWills115/21 : The tenement..the wich I hold to ferme of the mayster and couent of seynt Bartholomews spitell.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)157 : Take a þynge to ferme: Firmo, vel ad firman accipio.
- (a1443) Proc.Chanc.in Cal.PCEliz.1.p.xxxviii : Harry Rawe hathe take the toune of Rouchester to forme, to that entent for to oppresse the men of the toune.
- (1447) Doc.in Morsbach Origurk.41 : The forsayd Sampson schall take the forsayd maner of ffroddeswall in ferme duryng the terme of sex yer.
- (1450) RParl.5.187a : If eny persone hath taken eny Londes or Tenementes to ferme of us, and yeruppon have spende grete good, and made grete cost.
- a1450 Þis word lordlinggis (Sln 2593)245 : This word..May be lyknyd to an husbonde that takit a ferme into his honde, To yelde therof serteyn pay.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)618/7 : j yerde-londe þat he hilde of him to ferme to þe terme of viij yere.