Middle English Dictionary Entry
ei n.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | ei n.(1) Also æȝe, aye. Pl. eiren, erin, eire. |
Etymology | OE ǣg, pl. ǣgru. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. eg(ge.
1a.
The edible egg of a domesticated fowl, esp. a hen's egg.
Associated quotations
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)16a : Kimeð þe kaue ananriht & reaueð hire hire eairen [Nero: eiren].
- c1300 SLeg.Mich.(LdMisc 108)396 : A-midde riȝt heouene þe eorþe is, ase þe streon a-midde þe Eyȝe.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8334 : Vor an ey [vr. aney: B: one eie, an eyȝ] to tueie ssillinges.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)178/23 : Þe uoȝel him uerreþ..uram þannes huer me him benimþ his eyren.
- 1381 Pegge Cook.Recipes (Dc 257)92 : Temper it wyth the selve broth and wyth heyryn.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 11.12 : Ethir if he schal axe an ey, whethir he schal dresse to him a scorpioun?
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4035 : Milk and broun breed..Seynd bacoun, and som tyme an ey or tweye.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)323b/a : Eyren..beþ dyuers by craft in foure maner wise, for þay beþ yrosted, oþur ysode, oþur ybrende in emeres oþir in hote axen, oþer þei beþ yfryed.
- a1400 Ancr.Recl.(Pep 2498)28/13 : Þe henne, whan sche haþ leide an eye, kakeleþ it out.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.175 : An ay bi it selue for fiue schillynges was bouht.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)31/19 : Thider bryngen wommen of the toun here eyren of hennes, of gees, & of dokes.
- ?c1425 Arun.Cook.Recipes (Arun 334)459 : Breke an eye and cast in the ȝolk and alle.
- (1434) EEWills102/6 : A rake of yren forto rost on his eyren.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)11.368 : Putte also in oon galoun the white Of eyron thre.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(1) (Med-L 136)56/138 : Take an ey..and do away the yolks and take þe whit.
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)123.48 (v.2:p.314) : She leuyd a ful sharp and streyt lyf, for, fysshe, eryn and shese, and al maner fatnesse eschewynge, she was content with oo meel on the day.
- a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sln 1986)11 : Swyng eyryn, and do þer to.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)86/25 : Ete fisshe & eyrin & chese.
1b.
(a) fel or skin of an ei, the membrane lining an eggshell; glair or whit of an ei, the white of an egg; oil of eiren, an oil extracted from eggs; yolk or yelk of an ~; (b) hard ~, an egg boiled or roasted hard; rere ~, an underdone or partially cooked egg; suppi ~, a soft egg intended to be supped; fried ~; rosted ~; sodden ~, a boiled egg; rau ~; foul ~, a rotten egg; (c) ei cake, eier monger, ei shel, ei silver, ei yolk, q. v.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)15/1 : Nim attrumu and huniȝ and þæt hwita of æȝe.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)253/11 : Þe malancolien þet byeþ ylich þan..þet zekþ þet uel ine þe aye.
- 1381 Pegge Cook.Recipes (Dc 257)96 : Nym wytys of eyryn.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Tob.11.14 : The ryme of his eȝen began as the fellis of an ey [WB(2): the litil skyn of an ey] to gon out.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.806 : Vnslekked lym, chalk, and gleyre of an ey.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)323b/b : A raw ȝolk of an ey ymedlid wiþ salt heleþ þat posteme..þe white of an ey swageþ and abateþ hete and swellyng.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)211/10 : Mundificatiuis of ȝelkis of eiren & mele.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)34/2 : Kepe þilke wounde from swellynge wiþ þe whiȝt of an ey leid aboue.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)41a/b : The whites of ayren.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)43a/b : Putte þerto oyle of þe ȝolkes of eyren.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)3283 : The toþer was ȝalowere then the ȝolke of a naye.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)50 : Take ȝolkys of Eyroun.
- c1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(2) (Hrl 4016)82 : Make faire bater of rawe yolkes of eroun.
- a1475 Limn.Bks.(Brog 2.1)72 : Grynde vermelone one a stone with newe glayre, and put a lytylle of the ȝolke of an ay thereto.
- ?a1500 Henslow Recipes (Henslow)22/18 : Þe white of a ney.
- ?a1500 Henslow Recipes (Henslow)20/11 : Take goud brynston and make poudre þer-of and grynd hit wiþ oyle of eyryn vppon a ston.
b
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)23/5 : Sule hym supan ȝebræddan hrere æȝeran.
- 1381 Pegge Cook.Recipes (Dc 257)93 : Nym hard sodyn eyryn.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)323b/b : Fryed eyren beþ worse þan oþre, for if þey abydeþ in þe stomak þay torneþ soone to fumosite and corrupcioun..Rostid eiren and eyren ybroken and ysode in water.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)58/4 : Broþis of fleisch, & temperate wiyn, & rere eyren [L ouorum sorbilium].
- c1400(?a1300) *KAlex.(LdMisc 622)4703 : Men hem þrow wiþ drytt & dunge, wiþ foule Ayren, wiþ Rothere lunge.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)41a/b : After þis comeþ þai to ȝolkez of eiren rere [*Ch.(2): softe ȝolkes of airen].
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)36b/a : Ȝolkez of suppy [L sorbilia] eiren.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)30b/a : 3 or 4 ȝolkes of raw ayren.
- ?c1450 Iff a man (Stockh 10.90)297/73 : Take þe jus and an hard ey.
2.
(a) henne ei, gos ~, etc.; (b) chough ei, gripe(s) ~, oul ~, sperhauk ~, etc.; (c) griffounes ei, etc.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)6.75 : He wolde ete..oon hen ey.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)322b/a : If coluer eyren beþ white as henne eyren.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)322b/b : In somer hen eyren openeþ in eiȝtene dayes, and in wynter in fyue and twenty dayes, and whanne þunder falleþ while þey sitteþ on broode þe eiren beþ corrupte.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)324a/a : Goos eiren..beþ hardere to hacche and fattere complete þan beþ henne eyren.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)324a/b : The swan eiren beþ..more hard to defye þan goos eiren.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(2) (Add 33996)171 : Tak an henne eyȝ, & rost hyt harde, & do awey þe ȝoolke, & take þe whyte.
- c1600(?c1395) PPl.Creed (Trin-C R.3.15)225 : As greet as a gos eye.
b
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)106 : Þo hit bi com þat he [falcon] haȝte, & of his eyre briddes wraȝte.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2545 : Bot as it were a Gripes Ey.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.2225 : A Phesant..Fleende let an ey doun falle.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)325a/b : Lapewynke eiren beþ yliche to pertriche eiren but..more foule to þe sight..Gripe eiren beþ grete as Egle eyren.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)322b/a : Sperhauk eyren.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)324a/b : Choughes hunteþ by day and eteþ oule eiren, and þe oule eteþ þe Choughes eyren by night.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)324a/a : The Egle eyren and þe goshauk eyren beþ fewe.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)106 : Þat birde stodiethe & laborithe..for to infecte hir nest, or hir eyren, to distroye hir & hirs.
c
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)324b/a : Griffouns eiren beþ gretter and hardere þan egle eiren.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)23.495 : Hire Eyren sche [the Phoenix] leveth, & taketh hire flyht Into a fer Contre.
3.
(a) The egg or reproductive body of a fish, reptile, amphibian; cokedril ei, evet ~; (b) the pupa of an insect; (c) the egg sack of a spider.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Is.59.5 : The eiren of edderes [WB(2): snakis] thei to-breeken.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)323b/b : The eyren of addres þat hatte aspides beþ..gleymy & stynkynge wiþinne and most venemous.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)324a/b : The Cokodrille eiren..beþ horrible bothe to smelle and to taste.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)324b/b : Evete eiren..beþ lasse venemous þan serpent eiren.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)159b/b : Some fysshe is ygendred with oute eiren oþir pesen, oþir wiþ out generacioun of male and of female.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)287b/b : In som caas emptes eyren ben medicynal.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)285b/b : And he [malschragge] leiþ certeyn eyren of þe whiche comeþ oþer brood..in springyng tyme.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(2) (Add 33996)215 : Tak emptes whyþ here eyren & boyle hem wyþ water, & whyþ þat water hot baþe þe goute, & hyt schal hele.
c
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)89b/a : Aȝens epilencia..[give] aranes ey to the pacient.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)324a/a : Attircoppe eiren beþ many smale and oon wiþ smale spekkes and departed atwynne..and of oon ey comeþ endeles attircoppes.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)270a/b : Þe femel leiþ furst eyren, and þerof comeþ smale spiþeres.
4.
In phrase wind ei, a malformed or shell-less egg. [Sometimes explained as the result of the wind's action upon the reproductive organs of a bird or fowl.]
Associated quotations
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)322b/b : Many foules leggeþ wynd eyren, as hennes, gees..þat comeþ of superfluyte of semynal humours þat is passynge in þe body of þe femel; and wynd eyren beþ litel and vnsauory and more moiste þan oþere and wiþoute harde schelle & chaungeþ nouȝt þough þey be yleyde vnder an henne.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)323a/a : Wynd eyren beþ nouȝt in foules of good fliȝt..Wynd eyren beþ mo þan eyren acordynge to generacioun of chikenes and briddes, and beþ lasse in quantite for þey beþ incomplete.
5.
Alch. ei of philosophers, a 'stone' possessing the power to transmute the elements, the philosophers' stone, the 'philosophers' eye.'
Associated quotations
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)88/5 : Þe stoon..ys foundyn yn ilke stede..and it holdys yn him alle þe elymentz, and it ys callyd þe lesse world; And y shall nemyn þe þe nome as þe comyn folk clepyth it, þat ys þe terme of þe Eyrn, þat ys to say þe Eye of Philosophers.
6.
Miscellaneous expressions and sayings: not worth an ei, worthless; given not an ei, not to mind or care; etc.
Associated quotations
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)3167 : Þis lond nis worþ anay.
- c1410(c1350) Gamelyn (Hrl 7334)610 : Tho fond þe scherreue nest but non ay.
- c1450(?a1400) Roland & O.(Add 31042)222 : Þe lawes..ne are noghte worthe ane aye.
- c1450(c1400) Sultan Bab.(Gar 140)2793 : The Sowdone commaunded euery daye To assaile the tour with caste. But thay with-in gafe not an Eye.
- c1475 A philosophre (Hrl 372)p.29 : Many a cok is olde On the dungehil and mayntenethe al his flokke, But alle oure eyren comen of the yong cokke.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1500 Trin-C.R.14.45 Recipes (Trin-C R.14.45) 132/32 : Take þe azure byse and pouder of alume and greynde them togedir with þe gleyre of an hey on a stone.
- a1500 Dc.45 Artist.Recipes (Dc 45) 150/20 : Tak chalk and grynde hyt yn a stoon, and tempere hyt wyth þe glyyr of an nay, and hwan þu hast ygrownd hit smale, tak hyt vp and puttyd yn an horn.
- ?a1425 Glo.34.Add Stain.Recipes (Glo 34 Add.) 227/16 : Tak..a saucer wyt clene water and þe whyte of an heye and menge hit wel togeder and ley hit on þe cole.
- ?a1525 Dc.54 Artist.Recipes (Dc 54) 269/33 : Take safferon and grynd yt small and temper yt wyȝt the wyte of an noy.
- a1500 Ashm.750 Artist.Recipes (Ashm 750) 252/28 : Kut it small and put it into þe glare of eyrne, and let it stonde a qwylle.
- c1375 Bod.177 Artist.Recipes (Bod 177) 261/9 : Smere þe skyn with ȝolkes of eyrene.
- c1475 Yale-BA.Artist.Recipes (Yale-BA R486.M43 1450) 95/7 : Temper hit with gleyere of egges [Brog 2.1:Clarke: hegges] or with gumed water, but hit ys nat so good as whyghte gleyere.
Note: Additional quots., sense 1b.(a). New spellings: (hei, ?nai, heie, ?noi) and pl.: (eirne, eirene, hegges). ?Poss. add nai and noi quots. to n- prosthetic list of examples.
- (a1475) Recipe Painting(2) in Clarke Crafte Lymmyng (Sln 73) 205/3 : It mot be cleer as lye, and so strong and þicke þat it wole bere an ey þat it synke not to þe ground.
Note: Additional quot., sense 1a.