Middle English Dictionary Entry
ēgre adj.
Entry Info
Forms | ēgre adj. Also eger. |
Etymology | OF aigre, egre. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Sour, bitter, sharp (to the taste); egre win, sour wine or vinegar; (b) of medicines: sharp, stinging, strong.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.117 : This seed is egre and hoot.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.62 : A tast..Of bitter eysel and egre wyn.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)217 : Breed Kneden with eisel strong and egre.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)137a/a : Al egre þingez & acetose..as granatez, orenges, & acete.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)168a/b : Egre or sowre leuene .i. sowre dowe.
- ?c1450 Iff a man (Stockh 10.90)299/138 : Take mylfoly and flour and comyn And meng is [read: it] with eysyl or egyr wyn.
- a1475 Bk.Quint.(Sln 73)4/3 : Corrupt wiyn, þat is, rotyn, of a watery humour, but not egre, þat is, sour.
b
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.5.87 : A more myghty and more egre medicyne.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)36b/b : Censible membrez as þe eie suffreþ noȝt egre ne greuous farmaciez.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)168b/b : Egre þinges forsoþ bene bringing in horrour & mych desicking.
2.
(a) Of pain: sharp, severe; (b) of words: biting, sharp.
Associated quotations
a
- a1425(a1349) Rolle MPass.(2) (Upps C.494)42/16 : Þat sore and longe and egre payne þat þou suffredist for us.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ps.106.11 : Thei maden egre [WB(2): bitter; L exacerbaverunt] the spechis of God.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2367 : Thow shalt rather drede and flee fro the swete wordes of flaterynge preiseres than fro the egre wordes of thy freend.
3.
Of persons and animals: (a) fierce, impetuous, grim (in battle); enraged, angry, irritable; bold, spirited; (b) impatient, eager.
Associated quotations
a
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)1786 : Þis brutons were so egre..Þat þe romeins & hor king gonne fle atte laste.
- c1330(?a1300) Guy(2) (Auch)p.472 : Amoraunt was ful egre of mode, & smot to Gij as he wer wode.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.1199 : Egre as is a tigre yond in Ynde.
- a1425 Siege Troy(1) (LinI 150)1137 : Ector..wax egre as any lyoun.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)507 : Then þe emperour was egree.
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.Horns (LdMisc 683)37 : Arche wives, egre in ther vyolence, Fers as tygre.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)1086 : Þe lyoun was hungry and megre, And bette hys tayl, ffor to be egre.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)251 : Alixandre, egrest of princis.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)5445 : Ymasus, yrfull, egor of wille.
- a1475 Hrl.Bk.Hawking (Hrl 2340:Halliwell)301 : The hawke wol be egre and glettons [read: glettous].
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)39 : Rowland hym folowyd as egre as eny lyoun.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)852 : He [Menelaus] was egre and hardy also, And loth ony wrong to ben don to.
b
- ?a1300 Fox & W.(Dgb 86)289 : Fomen..Þat weren egre him to slete Mid grete houndes.
- c1330(?a1300) Guy(2) (Auch)p.472 : Ful egre he was to fiȝte.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)433 : Roulond was..egre to fiȝte.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)3752 : Menelay the mighty was..Auntrus in armys, eger of wer.
- c1475 Guy(1) (Cai 107/176)3009 : So egre was heraude to slee Eskladar.
4.
Of warlike actions: fierce, bitter.
Associated quotations
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.pr.7.102 : Thou sowest or plawntest a ful egre bataile in thy corage ayeins every fortune.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)571 : A dynt he set, Wiþ wraþþe strong and egre mayn.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)304/17 : The Blak Knyght drew his swerde and smote many egir strokys of grete myght.
- c1475(?c1451) Worcester Bk.Noblesse (Roy 18.B.22)21 : Agamemnon..that thoroughe cruell and egre werre..conquerid the gret cite of Troie.
5.
Of the emotions and the will: fierce, impetuous; with egre mod, impetuously, angrily.
Associated quotations
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)1361 : He smot to him wiþ egre mode.
- c1330 Degare (Auch)557 : Þe King wiȝ egre mod gan speke: 'Do bring me a schaft þat wil nowt breke.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)144 : Roland answerede wyþ egre mod.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)13.80 : With wille ful egre.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)641 : He..made hire ofte wiþ egre mood Corse hire children.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.m.5.26 : Ne blood ischad by egre hate ne hadde nat deyed yit armures.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)29/4 : The meanewhyle com in kyng Arthure with an egir countenans.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.A.994 : Whan I sware with so egre a moode.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)6187 : Ipomadon askyd wyth egur wille.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1475 *Hrl.Bk.Hawking (Hrl 2340)27b : Lat hyr flye Also hye as sche may syt, ffor wit mych beryng, castyng and batyng þu mast kepe hir Ekyr I now.
Note: New form: Also..ekir.
Note: Belongs to sense 3.(a).
Note: The list of variant spellings in the form section may be incomplete and / or may need revision to accord with standards of later volumes of the MED. Revised form section: Also egrē, eger, egir, egor, egur, ekir; sup. egrest.--notes per MLL