Middle English Dictionary Entry
doughter n.
Entry Info
Forms | doughter n. Also doghter, dogheter, do(u)chter, do(u)ȝter, do(u)hter, dohtre, douter, douther, dughter, doster (? dofter), þouȝtur. Forms: sg. gen. do(u)ghter, douȝter, do(u)hter & douhtres; pl. do(u)ghtres, do(u)ghters, doighters, dochtres, do(u)ȝtres, doȝteres, do(u)htres, dohteres, dohutris, dohutirs, dout(e)res, douteries & do(u)ghtren, dochtren, do(u)ȝtren, douȝteren, do(u)htren, dohteren & doghter, dohter, doht(e)re & deghter, deȝter & deghteres, deȝteres & dehtren, deuȝtren, deytron. |
Etymology | OE dohtor; dat. dehter, doehter, dohtor; pl. dohtra, dohtru, dohtor. The pl. stem deghter-, apparently not attested in OE, is prob. from the OE sg. dat. on the model of brọ̄ther-brẹ̄ther. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A daughter; (b) ~ ~, daughter's daughter; ~ housbonde, daughter's husband; (c) daughter of a pagan god or deity; (d) female offspring of an animal.
Associated quotations
a
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1110 : Ðis wæs swiðe gedeorfsum gear..þurh gyld þe se cyng nam for his dohter gyfte.
- a1126 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1124 : Willelm hefde numen Fulkes eorles gingre dohter to wife.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)128 : Þeȝȝ..naffdenn..Ne sune child ne dohhterr.
- a1225(OE) Vsp.A.Hom.Init.Creat.(Vsp A.22)225 : Adam..and his wif þa bearn ȝestriende, ȝedeir sunen and dochtren.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)2701 : His dohter [Otho: dohtres] nomen hercna nu.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)2924 : Þe king hefde þreo dohtren [Otho: dohtres] bi his drihliche quen.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3086 : Mine dohtren [Otho: dohtre] ich wlle delen mine riche.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3270 : Mid þere eldre dohtre [Otho: dohter].
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)23116 : Þe king is al bidæled sune & eke dohteren.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)24509 : Comen..þere richchere monne wif alle..and þere hehere monnen dohtere.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)197 : Þat waren his..þrie dochtres.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)63/28 : Ne haue ðu hope te fader ne te moder, te sune ne te dohter.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)74 : A meiden..anes kinges..anlepi dohter..Katerine inempnet.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)15/249 : Mest him louede Rymenhild, Þe kynges oȝene doster [read: dofter; vrr. douter, dohter].
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)194/8 : Heo hadde Niȝe douȝtren [Corp-C: doȝtren].
- c1300 SLeg.Edm.Abp.(LdMisc 108)22 : Tweye maydenes..hire douȝhtren were also.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1094 : Loth and his doȝtres two.
- ?1316 SMChron.(Roy 12.C.12)545 : Edward hade..Nine dehtren ant five sones.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)3152 : Al þis duresse he me doþ for my douȝter sake.
- (1376) Doc.in Morsbach Origurk.1 : John foliot by-gat þre douteres in þe forseide jhone, his wyf.
- (1387) Will in Bk.Lond.E.209/8 : Katerine my dowter.
- c1390 St.Greg.(Vrn)6/47 : A douhtur briht so blosme on brere.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4019 : Hire doghtren two.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4565 : Hire doghtres two.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.1469 : For his dowhter sake.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.218 : Into his dowhtres chambre he goth.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.7310 : Ek hadde he Of Sones fyve, and douhtres thre.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.443 : She a doghter hath ybore.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2311 : A sun and doghturs [vrr. dohutyrs, douȝtres] tua.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)155 : Hir douther milde.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)814 : His two dere doȝterez devoutly hem haylsed.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)866 : My fayre deȝter..ar maydenez unmard.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)933 : Þe wyȝe wakened his wyf and his wlonk deȝteres.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)881 : He had..Doghtres two, ful goodly on to se.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Gen.5.22 : Enok..gat sonys and dowȝtris.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1963 : The doughtren tweyne Of Mynos.
- ?c1430(a1400) Wycl.Wedded Men (Corp-C 296)190 : Many gentil-mennis sonys and doutres ben maad religious aȝenst here wille.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)129 : Doster: Filia.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)56/14 : Take Rosan, my dogheter, to thi wyfe.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)12.130 : An Erlis dowghtren.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)137 : This worthy man hadde dowhtren thre.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1489 : Of his Deghter..One Creusa was cald.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12044 : Cassandra..Priams pure dughter, pertist of wit.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)247 : Whe he tyll Eue agan can go, Then bare scho suns and doyghters sere.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)74/62 : Swete dowtyr, thynk on ȝour moder!
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)193/1283 : The kyngis dowter the daunce ledde.
- c1450(c1400) Emare (Clg A.2)422 : Hyt ys an erles þowȝtur.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)12/29 : A ryche man þat had þre doghtren.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)203/19 : His oþer dochtyr.
b
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Lev.18.10 : The filthheed of the dowȝter of thi sone or of thi douȝter douȝter, thow shalt not opne, for thi filthheed it is.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)37b : A Doghtyr husband: Gener.
- a1500 Mayer Nominale (Mayer)691/17 : Hic gener: a dowghter husband.
c
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2222 : O lady myn, Venus, Doghter to Ioue!
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)858 : Herebus..was ther present..His wiff also..And her doghtren..Megera and Thesiphonee,Allecto ek.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.3 : O Joves doughter deere, Plesance of love..In gentil hertes ay redy to repaire!
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.22 : O ye Herynes, Nyghtes doughtren thre.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.1538 : Saturnes doughter, Juno.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.m.3.4 : Cerces, the faire goddesse, dowhter of the sonne.
d
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)265a/a : A ffemel lomb hatte agna and is the rammes doughter.
2.
(a) A female descendent; also, a spiritual inheritrix; deghter of the douthe, daughters of the people, mortal women; doughtres of Philistien, Philistine women; (b) used affectionately or familiarly to a young woman.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)114 : Zacariȝe..haffde an duhhtiȝ wif þatt wass Off Aaroness dohhtress.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)53/33 : Harkieð, Eue dohtren, ȝe ðe telleð swa wel of ȝeu seluen þat me clepeð ȝeu lafdies, gað to ðare rihte lafdi and lierneð eadmodnesse!
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)14a : Eue haueð monie dehtren [Nero: douhtren; Recl. sones and douȝttren] þe folhið hare moder.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Is.16.2 : So shul be the doȝtris of Moab.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 1.5 : And his wyf of the douȝtris of Aaron.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)1 Pet.3.6 : As Sare..of whom ȝe ben douȝtres wel doynge.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2453 : 'My deere doghter Venus,' quod Saturne.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)270 : Þe fende loked How þe deȝter of þe douþe wern derelych fayre.
- c1400 Bible SNT(1) (Selw 108 L.1)1 Pet.3.6 : Sara..whos douȝtren ȝe beþ, wel doynge and dredynge non affray.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Judg.14.1 : A womman of the douȝtris of Philistien [L de filiabus Philisthiim].
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)15 : The Sones of God..comouned with the Douteris of men, whech were Cayn douteries.
b
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)4/4 : Dauið..spekeð..towart..euch meiden þet haueð meiið þeawes, & seið: 'Iher me, dohter'..'dohter' he cleopeð hire, for..he hire luueliche liues luue leareð as feader ah his dohter.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.9.22 : Jhesus..saide: 'Douȝter, haue thou trust; thi faith hath made thee saaf.'
- (1395) EEWills5/5 : I deuyse to Iohane my doughter, my sone-is wyf.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ruth 2.22 : To whom seide the moder in law: 'Betere it is, douȝter myn, that..thou goo out to repe.'
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ruth 3.18 : And Noemy seide, 'Abide, douȝter.'
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)47/26 : Þan seyd owyr Lord Ihesu Crist to þe creatur..'My dowtyr, Bryde, say me neuyr in þis wyse.'
- (?1438) Let.Ferrers in WANHSM 18 (Lngl 3)12 : My dere and well beloved sun, I grete you well..desyring to here gode tythinges of yow and my dowtere, yowre wyfe, and of my litell dowtere.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)115/85 : Jos. Say, Marie, doghtir, what chere with þe? Marie. Right goode, Joseph.
- c1460 To you beholders (Dub 432)3 : Dowȝteryn, if ye wol be vertuous, Haue no tunge sharpe!
- (?1475) Stonor1.165 : My worshupfull and goode dowchtyr your wyfe.
3.
(a) A female inhabitant of a city or country; ~ of Jerusalem, a Jewess; also, a pious woman; ~ of Sion, a Jewess; also, Jerusalem; (b) an ecclesiastical ward or subordinate; also, a spiritual ward; ~ in Crist, ~ in God, gostli ~; (c) a devout woman (soul); ~ of Holi Chirche, Godes ~.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))SSol.5.8 : I adiure ȝou, ȝee doȝtris of Jerusalem.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Is.16.1 : Send out..the lomb..to the mount of the doȝter of Sion.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.21.5 : Seie ȝe to the douȝter of Syon, 'Loo! thi kyng cometh to thee.'
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)168b/a : Holy writte clepeth Jerusalem þe douȝter of syon; for as þe modir defendeþ þe douȝter and þe douȝter is soget to þe modir, so þe lower citee was soget to þe temple.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)6/23 : Douȝtres of Syon, lo, þi kyng comeþ to þee.
- a1425(c1340) Rolle Psalter (LdMisc 286)136.11 : Dowgthturs of babylone, that is, of confusion.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Judg.11.40 : The douȝtris of Yrael [L filiæ Israel] comen to gidre.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)2130 : Þat I may shew..alle þi lovynges In þe yhates of doghter Syon.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)165 : The doughters of Jerusalem me not lake For þis dyrke schadow.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)9.14 : In the ȝates of the doghtire of syon.
- a1500(1445) ?Lydg.Marg.Entry (Hrl 3869)2 : Moost cristen Princesse..Doughter of Jherusalem..Welcome!
b
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Abbess (Phys-E)p.165 : Scho [the abbess] lufed, als god womman, Hir dohteris gastely euerilkan.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Abbess (Phys-E)p.166 : Dohter, mercye, I has a derne priuete.
- (1438) Reg.Spofford in Cant.Yk.S.23223 : To our ghostly doghters, the prioresse and convent of Acornebury, greeting.
- (1440) Visit.Alnwick251 : To our wele belufede doghters in Criste, the prioresse and the couent of the priorye of Nuncotone.
- (1442) Visit.Alnwick230 : Wyllyam..bysshop of Lincolne, to our wele belufed doghters in God, the prioresse and the couent of the priorye of Seynt Trynytee..our blessyng.
- a1450 St.Etheldr.(Fst B.3)389 : My dure sustren..my deuȝtren alle!
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)1469 : Þe bysshop..sayde: 'deytron, ycham fulle heuy..Þat y nam not so worthy To haue ony part of þis releke so gowde.'
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)587/3 : At the presentacion of his welbeloved doughtirs in crist.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)5 : Yef ye truste that I sey vnto yow..ye shull be my doughtere in god.
- a1500 3rd Fran.Rule (Seton)47/8 : To oure welbelouid doughters in criste.
c
- c1225 Body & S.(2) (Wor F.174)10/31 : Ic [the soul] was ilered of mine leoue fæder..Ic was godes douhter, ac þu amerdest þet foster.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.Creed (Trin-C B.14.52)19 : He hem alle shop, and ches hem to sunes and to dohtres.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)18/254 : Folhin godd almihti..as þe oþre ne make nawt, þah ha alle beon his sunen & alle hise dehtren.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.567 : Custaunce..bad hir wirche The wyl of Crist, as doghter of his chirche.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.675 : A voys was herd..And seyde: 'thow hast disclaundred giltelees The doghter of holy chirche.'
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)31/22 : Þow art a very dowtyr to me & a modyr also, a syster, a wyfe, and a spowse.
4.
A virtue, vice, or faculty (regarded as derived from a certain source); scion, offshoot, branch; four doughtres of God; seven doughtres of the Holi Gost, the cardinal virtues; seven doughtres of helle, the seven deadly sins.
Associated quotations
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)6/39 : Vre lauerd haueð ileanett him froure of his dehtren..þe fowr heaued þeawes..warschipe..strengðe [etc.].
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)14/207 : Vre licomes lust is þes feondes foster, vre wit is godes dohter.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)36/595 : Þu schalt i þi meiðhad temen dehtren & sunen of gasteliche teames..þet beoð þe uertuz..as rihtwissnesse..& gastelich strengðe.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)17/5 : Prede is þe dyeules oȝe doȝter.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)26/26 : Þe ilke ssame..is..doȝter of prede.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)140/35 : Vor one of þe guode doȝtren þet mildenesse heþ is holy simplesse.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)289 : Foure douhtren hedde þe kyng..Merci..Soþ..Riȝt..Pees.
- (c1390) Chart.Abbey HG (LdMisc 210)349 : Goddis douȝtren..Mercy & Treuþe [etc.].
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)2990 : Now of þe seuene wyl we telle þat ben þe dedly doghters of helle.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)9529 : Doghtres four þan had þis king..merci..sothfastnes..rightwisnes..Pees.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)9623 : Sir, o þi deghteres [vrr. doughtirs, dohutris] am i an.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28863 : Almus..doghter it es of charite.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3254 : My [i.e. Reason's] doughter Shame, Which hath the roses in hir ward.
- a1425 4 Daughters God (CotApp 7)st.6 : Þe forth doughter heyght Pees.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)214 : I say Cupide..his arwes forge..And Wille, his doughter, temprede..The hevedes in the welle.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.PPeace (Hrl 2255)81 : Of thes seven douhtren of the Hooly Goost, Caritas in love brente.
5.
A young woman; ~ of song, ?a female singer.
Associated quotations
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Eccl.12.4 : Alle the doȝtris of the song [L filiae carminis], shul become doumb.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))SSol.2.2 : As a lilie among thornes, so my leef among doȝtres.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1425 Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Wel 225)197/1794 : Þat qualite is cald evermare in als mykyll as in þam is caused whitnes in uryn..& þarefore sais Galien: albedo erit filia frigiditatis, whytnes is caldhedys doghter.
Note: A fig. use, denoting origin (of a physical condition). May be placed under sense 2., with the addition of "also fig."(-- per MLL) ; or with the other figurative uses in sense 4.(-- per MJW).
Note: Quot. has been checked against the source, but line number needs to be verified.-- per MLL
- (1448) Doc.in Sundby Dial.Wor.(Eg Charter 608)254 : This endentur, maid…be tuyne Thomas Corbet of Stanford..and John Blount of Sodynton..Wetthenes that the seid John Blount shal wed and taken to his wyffe Katerryn, the yongg dowter of seid Thomas.
Note: New spelling: Also..douter.
Note: Belongs to sense 2.(a).--notes per MLL