Middle English Dictionary Entry
dough n.
Entry Info
| Forms | dough n. Also dogh, do(u)h, do(u)ȝ, dou(e, do(u)w, doghȝe, douhȝ, dought, dowke & (N) da(u)gh. |
| Etymology | OE dāg, dāh. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Dough for bread or pastry; (b) paste; (c) fig. substance, flesh and blood.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)7/28 : Nim senepsæd..and cned hyt mid þam ecede, þæt hit si swa þicce swa doh.
- a1325 Gloss.Bibbesw.(Arun 220)155 : Vostre paste dount pestrez: kned thi douw.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)205/21 : Þe leuayne zoureþ þet doȝ and hit draȝþ to smac.
- 1381 Pegge Cook.Recipes (Dc 257)p.121 : Make a thynne Paast of Dow and make thereof as it were ryngis..and fry hem in oyle de Olyve.
- (a1399) Form Cury (Add 5016)p.30 : Make a foile of dowhȝ and close the fars þerinne.
- a1400 Ancr.Recl.(Pep 2498)2/32 : Riȝth as a gret fat ful of doghȝe takeþ souryng of a lytel gobett, riȝth so doostou of hym.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)50a/a : Pinso: to make dowke.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)128 : Dowe, paste for brede: Pasta.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)43 : Take dow & make þer-of a þinne kake.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)49 : Take stronge Dow & make a cake sumdele þicke.
- ?a1450 Arderne LW (Em 69)115 : They schulle eschywe almaner mete made of paast & all bred that is dowgh bakene.
- a1450(a1425) Mirk IPP (Cld A.2:Peacock)1770 : Þy bred schal be of whete flour, I-made of dogh that ys not sour.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(2) (Add 33996)156 : Do hyt in a coffyn of wheten dow.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)134/13 : Qwanne men settyn in dow for to bake.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)32b : Daghe: pasta.
- a1525(?1421) Cov.Leet Bk.24 : Whet loues..that they be well bake, & that hit be noo dowhȝ within.
b
- ?a1500 Henslow Recipes (Henslow)23/1 : Take flour of ryȝe and clene hony..and make dow þer-of.
c
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)111/31 : Þet ilke bread [the Eucharist] we hit clepiyþ oure uor hit wes ymad of oure doȝe.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)110/13 : Þis bred we clepen oure for it was made of oure douȝh.
2.
In cpds. & combs.: (a) ~ bred, ?sourdough; ~ ribbe, ~ rible, ~ ris, a scraper for removing dough; ~ trough, ~ tubbe, kneading-trough; (b) sour ~, sourdough, leaven [for full treatment, see sour-dough].
Associated quotations
a
- a1325 Gloss.Bibbesw.(Arun 220)155 : Rastuer: douwribbe.
- c1400 Femina (Trin-C B.14.40)32 : Oue vne Rastuer vostre auge mundez: With a dowryb ȝour trow make clene.
- a1425 Gloss.Bibbesw.(AS 182)390 : The dourib.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)129 : Dowrys, or dowryble [vrr. dowrybbe, dovrybbe]: Sarpa, costa pasthalis [Win: Costa pascalis]..Dowe trowe: Pistralla, alveus.
- (a1451) Will York in Sur.Soc.4599 : j daugh tubbe..j malt schovill.
- a1475(a1450) Tourn.Tott.(Hrl 5396)124 : I am armed at þe full: In myn armys i bere wele A doȝ trogh and a pele.
- ?a1500 Henslow Recipes (Henslow)42/13 : For to breke þe ston..Take..þe curnellys of chyrystones..and of dow-bred.
b
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.13.33 : The kyngdam of heuenes is lic to soure dowȝ.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)10099 : Þe soure dogh makeþ alle soure Þe swetnes.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)26b/b : Auycen preyseþ lynsede, soure dowhe, & doofe donge.
- a1500 Mayer Nominale (Mayer)725/21 : Hocfermentum: surdowght.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1400 Roy.17.A.3 Artist.Recipes (Roy 17.A.3) 234/27 : Put þerynne þi poudir and styr it togydere til it be þicke as dowȝ.
- c1375 Bod.177 Artist.Recipes (Bod 177) 260/11 : Make a pelet þerof as hit were dow, and ley þat on þe sonne þat þer come no wet þerto.
Note: Additional quots., ?prob. sense 1.(a). New spelling (dowȝ).
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?c1400(1379) Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Roy 17.D.1)f.108ra (3.16) : In þo generatyues, but principaly in þe ballok stones of him & of here, it [sperm] is swongen and trauailede and wroght and knoden os dowh or paste, þorogh trauayling and mevyng of bodies.
Note: Sense 1.(a). New spelling: dowh.