Middle English Dictionary Entry
dōr(e, dọ̄r(e n.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | dōr(e, dọ̄r(e n.(1) Also doir(e, dorre & dure, dur & dirre. Pl. dōres, dọ̄res, (early) dōren & dures, durres (early) duren, deoren & (late N) dūres & dirres. |
Etymology | OE dor & duru, dat. dyre. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A doorway serving as entrance and exit of a building or an enclosure, doorway, gateway; (b) the door or gate which shuts an entrance.
Associated quotations
a
- c1225 Body & S.(2) (Wor F.174)3/16 : Ac nu heo beoþ fuse to bringen þe ut of huse..ut æt þire dure.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)10181 : Heo letten alle þa scrud at þere dure [Otho: at þare dore] werpen vt.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)26335 : Ær heo comen riden forn to þas teldes deoren [Otho: dore].
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)690 : Þis knaue eode toward þe dore.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1777 : Bernard..Lep to þe dore so he wore wod.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)1818 : Þe ston þat is at þe dore of his buryynge.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1976 : He..driues in at þat dore as a deuel of helle.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Prov.1.21 : In the doris of the ȝatis [L in foribus portarum] of the cite, he bringeth forth his woordis.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mcp.(Manly-Rickert)H.306 : To the crowe he stirte..and out at dore hym slong.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.367 : Forth he goth..Out at the dore.
- (1395) Wycl.37 Concl.(Tit D.1)7 : He that entrith not bi the dore, but stieth bi another weie, is a nyght theef and a dai theef.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1682 : Þu sal..Mak a dor [Göt: dur] wit mesur wide.
- c1465(?1373) *Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)69b : Take þe erbe and stik him ovir a dor, and þer ne shall non adder done none harme, ne oþer wekyd worme, to none of the house.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)25.71 : The dore..Opened there Anon, bothe dore posterne and Ek the gate.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)175/18 : He..went vnto þe dure.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)7772 : Þai were slayne all in þe dure.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.Win.(GoughETop 4)178/5 : By an vtture dore sche ran towarde þe chirch.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)269/26 : Þe dure openet toward the chyrche.
b
- a1225(OE) Lamb.Hom.Pentec.(Lamb 487)87 : Heo sculden offrien..an lomb..and merki mid þan blode hore duren.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)19508 : Amarȝe þa hit daȝede, duren heo un-tunden.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)25889 : Þæs bures dure he warp adun þat heo to-barst a uiuen.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)460/130 : Wit strongue dores of Ire and stiel.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 13.25 : Ȝe schulen bigynne to..knocke the dore, seyinge, 'Lord, opyne to vs.'
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.550 : Ther was no dore that he nolde heue of harre, Or breke it at a rennyng with his heed.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3468 : To the chambre dore he gan hym dresse..And by the haspe he haf it vp atones.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)107b/b : As þe scharpe corner of a dore meueþ in þe herre.
- a1400 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/1)p.94 : Ȝif..his rente holleche be by-hynde..by leue of þe baylyues of þe town, nyme þe dores and þe fenestres.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)42/24 : Þe dures er of cipresse.
- (1442) Acc.St.Mary Thame in BBOAJ 7117 : A dor of tymber.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)1087 : Doun þei daschen þe dore.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)11890 : Symon..assignet was þe key..the durres to vndo of the dregh horse.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)11936 : Droghen vp durs dungyn doun yatis.
- c1475 St.Patr.Purg.(2) (Brm)90 : A dore bowndyn with yryn and stell.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)8a : A Bande of a dore [Monson: dure]: vertebra.
2.
In phr.: (a) biloken (closen, ditten, loken, maken, shitten, sperren) the dor(es, to close, lock, or bar the door(s; (b) openen, undon, unbarren the ~, to open or unlock the door; casten open the ~, throw open the door; (c) at ~, at (one's) door; also, at (a country's) border; at dores, fro(m ~ to ~, from door to door, from house to house; ben at ~, comen to ~, stonden at ~, be at (one's) door, come to (one's) door, wait at (one's) door, be imminent, be threatening; charen to ~, return to (one's) door, recoil upon (one's) own head; dwellen at dores, live next door (to sb.); eten out of dores, eat (sb.) out of house and home; stont the wind in that ~, does the wind blow from that quarter?, is that the way you feel?; withouten ~, at the door, waiting.
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)99/23 : Ðo gaten and ðo duren wel bilokin of ðis holi temple.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)2062 : Some wolden makien þe doren..quath þe holie Man..'Man ne schal of holi churche castel maken non.'
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)10189 : Out of churche men hii driue..& þe doren after hom..loke vaste.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3722 : He knokked faste, and ay the moore he cried, The faster shette they the dores alle.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.2130 : That Dore can non huissher schette In which him list to take entre.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)10420 : Sco sperd hir dore and wepid sare.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)19.163 : Cryst cam in, & al closed bothe dore & ȝates.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)320 : Loke even þat þyn ark have..A wel dutande dor don on þe syde.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Mat.6.6 : Whanne the dore is schet, preye thi fadir in hidils.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)130/22 : Þei ordeynd hir a fayr chambyr..lokkyng þe dor wyth þe key.
- c1460 Cursor (LdMisc 416)17346 : They..shyt the dorys at the last..The lokkys asselid with selis ij.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)207/1705 : Anone þey closed þe dore with gynne.
- a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)982 : Alwey be sure of þe dur, & se þat he be shutt.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)42/9 : Monkes droghen Thomas to þe chyrch and sparrut þe dyrres to hom.
b
- c1175 Body & S.(1) (Bod 343)20 : Nefst du nenne freond..Ðæt æfre undon ðe wule ða dure.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1796 : Auelok..þe barre sone vt-drow..And caste þe dore open wide.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)699 : Sith she the dore of that gardyn Hadde opened, and me leten in.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)140.3 : A dure is oppynd and sperd.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)42/12 : Thomas..vnbarret þe dyrre.
c
- a1250(?c1150) Prov.Alf.(Mdst A.13)79/81 : Efrilches mannes dom to his owen dure chariweth.
- ?c1250 PMor.(Eg 613(1))291/124,127 : Ær ded & dom come to his dure, he mai sore a-dreden..Þenne ded is ate dure, wel late he biddet ore.
- c1300 SLeg.Fran.(1) (LdMisc 108)117 : Fram dore to dore he bad is mete.
- a1325(?a1300) Interl.CG (Add 23986)11 : No wily lufe na clerc fayllard, Na kepi herbherg, clerc, in huse no y flore, Bot his hers ly wit uten dore.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)5196 : Aȝen hom of norþhumberlond, mid ost he com at dore [vr. doyre]: Hii dude him anon hor manhede [vrr. honoure, homage] & ne contekede nammore.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.1083 : That bringth in the comun drede, Which stant at every mannes Dore [rime: spore].
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)3451 : When þou spekes sharppely til þe pure, Þat sum gode askes at þi dore.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6745 : Yit may he go his breed begging; Fro dore to dore he may go trace [etc.].
- ?c1430(c1400) Rule & T.St.Francis(1) (Corp-C 296)46 : Axynge almes fro dore to dore.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)94/6 : Sche beggyd hir mete fro dor to dore.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)471 : Why nowe owre navey fayleth, Whan many a foo us at oure dorre assayleth.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)650 : Of thy verray neyghebores, That duellen almost at thy dores.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)13550 : Now me bus, as a beggar, my bred for to thigge At doris.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)292 : Now es dethe at my dore.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)91/33 : Sekyng his bred..fro dore to dore.
- (1469) Paston (Gairdner)5.22 : For I eete lyek an horse, of purpose to eete yow owte at the dorys.
- a1500(a1450) Parton.(1) (Add 35288)11064 : 'He shall haue of vs þe victory.' -- 'What!' seith Gaudyn, 'stonte þe wynde in that dore? Is your herte wexe so pitouse and pore?'
3.
(a) An inlet or outlet; an opening or gap; ~ of the mouthe (wombe); mouth of a river or cave, inlet of the sea; a gap in a hedge; (b) fig. an entrance or approach, or a way of entering (the heart, the mind, heaven, priesthood, etc.); access; openen ~, to open a door (to sth.); provide an opportunity; disclose the meaning (of the Gospel).
Associated quotations
a
- a1350 Mon in þe mone (Hrl 2253)14 : Wher he were o þe feld pycchynde stake, for hope of ys þornes to dutten is doren.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)46a/a : Þe whiche superfluytees ben I cast out by þe dore of þe mouþ.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)56a/a : The stomak is þe dore of þe wombe [L ostium ventris] & fongiþ mete & drynke and sendiþ to þe guttis.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)31/33 : Hostie is a fayr town..where þat Tibir rennyth in-to þe se; for Hostium in þe Latyn tonge is a dor, and þat is clepid so as a dor of þe se.
- a1475(a1447) Bokenham MAngl.(Hrl 4011)15/13 : The fourþe hyghe-weye..gothe..forthe to the entre of þe dore of þe flood of Tyne.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)1.135 : Hepes of gravelle, þro whom the durres of that floode callede Nilus be stoppedde.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)210/35 : Beside a dore of a denne.
b
- c1175(OE) Bod.Hom.Dom.Quadr.(Bod 343)44/30 : Festen..is heofonlic weorc & heofene rices duræ.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)54/1507 : Ine-wyt hys þe dore-ward, Þe doren wyttes fyue.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Cor.2.12 : Whanne I hadde comen to Trowade for the gospel of Crist, and a dore [L ostium] was openyd to me in the Lord, I hadde not reste to my spirit.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.289 : 'I was atte dore of thyn herte,' seith Iesus, 'and cleped for to entre.'
- c1400 Bible SNT(1) (Selw 108 L.1)Col.4.3 : Preyenge..þat God opene to ous þe dore of his speche, to speke þe mysterye of Crist.
- a1425(?a1400) PCounsel.(Hrl 674)158/27 : Many weneþ þat þei ben wiþ-inne þe goostly dore, & ȝit stonden þei þer-oute.
- a1425(?a1400) PCounsel.(Hrl 674)159/6 : Þe Lorde is not only portour hym-self, bot also he is þe dore: þe porter he is bi his Godheed, & þe dore he is by his manheed.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.5/35 : To them that with feithfull desire knoke At the doyr of the Spowse, assistent Angelys shalle opyne the gatis of heuyn.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Prelates (Corp-C 296)67 : Ihu crist is dore bi whiche men schulde entre in-to offices & benefices of þe chirche.
4.
In cpds. & combs.: (a) ~ band, a door hinge [cp. bond]; ~ barre, any device for fastening a door or blocking a doorway; ~ bund, ?a doorjamb, ?a hinge [cp. bounde or bond]; ~ boue, ?the arch of an arched doorway; ~ crok, ~ hok, ?a hinge or part of a hinge; ~ herre, a door hinge; ~ keie, a door key; (b) ~ nail, a nail with a big head used in studding doors for strength or ornament; ded as a ~ nail, dead as a doornail; also fig.; domb as a ~ (nail), utterly mute or silent; (c) ~ nothes, doorjambs; ~ pin, the bolt or latch of a door; ~ shide, a board or lath for a door; ~ stal, ?doorjamb, ?a bar for the door; ~ stapel, a hinge or part of a hinge; ~ stoth, doorjamb [OE duru-stod, OI dura-stoð]; ~ tol, toll paid at the city gate; ~ tre, a bar or beam for fastening the door; a doorjamb; ded as a ~ tre; (d) ~ ward, gatekeeper, porter; also fig. [OE duru-weard]; (e) to..~ ward, to or toward a door.
Associated quotations
a
- (1317) Doc.Manor in MP 3451 : [In a list of repairs to the carthouse:] dorbowes.
- (1379) Mem.Ripon in Sur.Soc.81102 : In j doreband elongand.
- c1400 Femina (Trin-C B.14.40)74 : Par le coste sount lez Iymaux deux:..By sithe beþ þyse dore harrez tweyes, When men schal take þe dore.
- a1425 Roy.17.C.17 Nominale (Roy 17.C.17)667/39 : Repagulum: dorebar; pessulum, uectis, clatrus, obex, idem.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)55b/b : Repagulum, i. obex: a dore barre.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)68b/b : Vertebra: a dore barre, a knotte & a ioyntynge.
- (1442) Acc.St.Mary Thame in BBOAJ 7114 : ij grt dor hoks.
- (1446) Invent.Lytham in Chet.n.s.6083 : Item, iij dorebandez of yren.
- (1446) Acc.Yatton in Som.RS 483 : For makyng of the cherche dore keyge.
- (1447-8) Shillingford78 : With a dore barre..to have sleyn the saide sergeantis.
- (1447-8) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.99237 : Doorbandez.
- (1449-50) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.99239 : 4or dorecrokez pro ecclesia.
- c1450(c1405) Mum & S.(2) (Add 41666)1262 : Thenne dreede, with a dorebarre, dryueth oute þe beste, And maketh þe sothe-sigger seche a newe place.
- a1475 Herkyn to my tale (Brog 2.1)p.86 : Dorebundys stalkyng one stylttus..The storgyn stode be-hynde the dore scharpyng stakys: Alle this I sawe.
- ?a1500 Lndsb.Nominale (Lndsb)779/30 : Cardo: a durherre.
b
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)628 : But ich haue bote of mi bale bi a schort time, I am ded as dore-nail.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)1.161 : [Feiþ] withouten [fait] Is..ded as a dore-nayl but þe deede folewe.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)1074 : Fellen doun for defaute..Ded as a dore-nayl, eche day many hundred.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)4747 : Dom as a dore-nayle & defe was he bathe.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)65 : Dede als a dore-nayle doun was he fallen.
- c1450(c1405) Mum & S.(2) (Add 41666)1646 : But execucion falle, what may hit availle?..Hit is as dede as a dore nayle..Withoute execucion.
- c1450 PPl.A(1) (Hrl 6041)11.94 : Dore-nayl [Vrn: He bi-com so confoundet..And as doumbe as a dore drouȝ him asyde].
c
- (c1273) Hundred R.Tower 1127b : Ceperunt teoloneum de rebus venditis et emptis extra forum venale..ad ostia..et vocant illud teoloneum Dortol et Huctol.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)57/973 : Rymenhild vndude þe dure pin Of þe hus þer heo was in.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1806 : Hauelok lifte up þe dore-tre, And at a dint he slow hem þre.
- (1317) Doc.Manor in MP 3451 : Et de ixd de Croppes i quercus prostratis in Hescoo pro Dorstalles et baces ad dictam bercariam.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1078 : Ðis angels two drogen loth in And shetten to ðe durepin.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3155 : Ðe dure-tren and ðe uuerslagen wið ysope ðe blod ben dragen, ðat nigt sal ben fest pasche.
- a1325 Gloss.Bibbesw.(Arun 220)p.170 : Al'entre del hus est la lyme..De couste sunt les simeus [glossed: the dor-nothes].
- c1350 Cmb.Ee.4.20.Nominale (Cmb Ee.4.20)463 : Gemelees fichez en lyme: Doretrees set in the thresschewold.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)1.185 : Faith with-oute þe faite is..as ded as a dore-tre but ȝif þe dedes folwe.
- a1425 Gloss.Bibbesw.(AS 182)985 : Dore stapell.
- (1430) *Chamberl.R.Winch. : Pro kulines et doreschydes.
- (1472) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.9994 : Carpentario pro factura 2 dorestothez pro ostio de le Slaughterhous.
d
- (1208) CRR(2) 5199 : Willelmus Dureward.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)17672 : He wende to þan burhȝate..& gratte þene dureward [Otho: doreward].
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)6/43 : Wit..cleopeð warschipe forð & makid hire durewart, þe warliche loki hwam ha leote in & ut.
- (1274) Close R.Edw.I142 : Walter Durreward.
- (1275) Hundred R.Tower 1161b : Galfridus le Doreward.
- a1300 I-hereþ nv one (Jes-O 29)227 : He bed þene dureward lete in his i-vere.
- c1350 Ayenb.App.(Arun 57)263/33 : Þe uader of þe house..zette sleȝþe to by doreward.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)29368 : Dorward or porter, þat chastis wrang wit þair mister..His biscop mai asoille him.
e
- c1450(c1405) Mum & S.(2) (Add 41666)842 : Thenne waxe I woundre wrothe..And drowe me to þe doreward and dwelled no lenger.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)477 : The Pardonere..drowȝe to Kittis dorward to herken & to list.
5.
chirche ~, halle ~, stable ~, etc., see chirche, halle, stable, etc.
Associated quotations
- :
6.
In place names: see Smith PNElem. 1.134 & 140.
Associated quotations
- :
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- (c1394) Wardrobe Acc.Edw.III(1) in Archaeol.31101 : V. p̄ integr̄ dorrez; xx. vln̄ p̄ dorrez; vj. vlīī .iij. gr̄ p̄ dorrez.
Note: New spelling: Also..(plural) dorres.